The Chinese Roots Of Linear Algebra
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The Chinese Roots Of Linear Algebra
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Author : Roger Hart
language : en
Publisher: JHU Press
Release Date : 2011-01-01
The Chinese Roots Of Linear Algebra written by Roger Hart and has been published by JHU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-01-01 with Mathematics categories.
A monumental accomplishment in the history of non-Western mathematics, The Chinese Roots of Linear Algebra explains the fundamentally visual way Chinese mathematicians understood and solved mathematical problems. It argues convincingly that what the West "discovered" in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries had already been known to the Chinese for 1,000 years. Accomplished historian and Chinese-language scholar Roger Hart examines Nine Chapters of Mathematical Arts—the classic ancient Chinese mathematics text—and the arcane art of fangcheng, one of the most significant branches of mathematics in Imperial China. Practiced between the first and seventeenth centuries by anonymous and most likely illiterate adepts, fangcheng involves manipulating counting rods on a counting board. It is essentially equivalent to the solution of systems of N equations in N unknowns in modern algebra, and its practice, Hart reveals, was visual and algorithmic. Fangcheng practitioners viewed problems in two dimensions as an array of numbers across counting boards. By "cross multiplying" these, they derived solutions of systems of linear equations that are not found in ancient Greek or early European mathematics. Doing so within a column equates to Gaussian elimination, while the same operation among individual entries produces determinantal-style solutions. Mathematicians and historians of mathematics and science will find in The Chinese Roots of Linear Algebra new ways to conceptualize the intellectual development of linear algebra.
Imagined Civilizations
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Author : Roger Hart
language : en
Publisher: JHU Press
Release Date : 2013-08-15
Imagined Civilizations written by Roger Hart and has been published by JHU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-15 with Mathematics categories.
Roger Hart debunks the long-held belief that linear algebra developed independently in the West. Accounts of the seventeenth-century Jesuit Mission to China have often celebrated it as the great encounter of two civilizations. The Jesuits portrayed themselves as wise men from the West who used mathematics and science in service of their mission. Chinese literati-official Xu Guangqi (1562–1633), who collaborated with the Italian Jesuit Matteo Ricci (1552–1610) to translate Euclid’s Elements into Chinese, reportedly recognized the superiority of Western mathematics and science and converted to Christianity. Most narratives relegate Xu and the Chinese to subsidiary roles as the Jesuits' translators, followers, and converts. Imagined Civilizations tells the story from the Chinese point of view. Using Chinese primary sources, Roger Hart focuses in particular on Xu, who was in a position of considerable power over Ricci. The result is a perspective startlingly different from that found in previous studies. Hart analyzes Chinese mathematical treatises of the period, revealing that Xu and his collaborators could not have believed their declaration of the superiority of Western mathematics. Imagined Civilizations explains how Xu’s West served as a crucial resource. While the Jesuits claimed Xu as a convert, he presented the Jesuits as men from afar who had traveled from the West to China to serve the emperor.
Evidence Based Inquiries In Ethno Stem Research
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Author : Iman C Chahine
language : en
Publisher: IAP
Release Date : 2021-01-01
Evidence Based Inquiries In Ethno Stem Research written by Iman C Chahine and has been published by IAP this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-01-01 with Education categories.
The purpose of the edited volume is to provide an international lens to examine evidence-based investigations in Ethno-STEM research: Ethno-science, Ethno-technology, Ethno-engineering, and Ethno-mathematics. These themes grew out of multi-national, multi-institutional and multi-disciplinary efforts to preserve as well as epitomize the role that Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) play in cognitive development and its vital contributions to successful and meaningful learning in conventional and non-conventional contexts. Principled by the Embodied, Situated, and Distributed Cognition (ESDC), this innovative book will provide evidence supporting the embeddedness of a thinking-in-acting model as a fundamental framework that explains and supports students’ acquisition of scientific knowledge. So often ‘western’ science curricula are experienced as irrelevant, since it does not take cognizance of the daily experiences and world in which the learner finds himself. This book takes a socio-cultural look at IKS and applies research in neuroscience to make a case its incorporation in the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) classroom. We use the Embodied Situated Distributed Cognition (ESDC) Model as conceptual framework in this book. Although the value of IKS is often acknowledged in curriculum policy documents, teachers are most often not trained in incorporating IK in the classroom. Teachers’ lack of the necessary pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) in effectively incorporating IK in their classrooms is a tremendous problem internationally. Another problem is that IK is often perceived as “pseudo-science”, and scholars advocating for the incorporation of IK in the school curriculum often do not contextualize their arguments within a convincing theoretical and conceptual framework.
A Journey Through The History Of Numerical Linear Algebra
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Author : Claude Brezinski
language : en
Publisher: SIAM
Release Date : 2022-12-06
A Journey Through The History Of Numerical Linear Algebra written by Claude Brezinski and has been published by SIAM this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-12-06 with Mathematics categories.
This expansive volume describes the history of numerical methods proposed for solving linear algebra problems, from antiquity to the present day. The authors focus on methods for linear systems of equations and eigenvalue problems and describe the interplay between numerical methods and the computing tools available at the time. The second part of the book consists of 78 biographies of important contributors to the field. A Journey through the History of Numerical Linear Algebra will be of special interest to applied mathematicians, especially researchers in numerical linear algebra, people involved in scientific computing, and historians of mathematics.
Linear Algebra And Group Theory For Physicists And Engineers
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Author : Yair Shapira
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-01-16
Linear Algebra And Group Theory For Physicists And Engineers written by Yair Shapira and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-16 with Mathematics categories.
This textbook demonstrates the strong interconnections between linear algebra and group theory by presenting them simultaneously, a pedagogical strategy ideal for an interdisciplinary audience. Being approached together at the same time, these two topics complete one another, allowing students to attain a deeper understanding of both subjects. The opening chapters introduce linear algebra with applications to mechanics and statistics, followed by group theory with applications to projective geometry. Then, high-order finite elements are presented to design a regular mesh and assemble the stiffness and mass matrices in advanced applications in quantum chemistry and general relativity. This text is ideal for undergraduates majoring in engineering, physics, chemistry, computer science, or applied mathematics. It is mostly self-contained—readers should only be familiar with elementary calculus. There are numerous exercises, with hints or full solutions provided. A series of roadmaps are also provided to help instructors choose the optimal teaching approach for their discipline. The second edition has been revised and updated throughout and includes new material on the Jordan form, the Hermitian matrix and its eigenbasis, and applications in numerical relativity and electromagnetics.
Two Way Knowledge Transfer In Nineteenth Century China
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Author : Ian Gow
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2022-11-18
Two Way Knowledge Transfer In Nineteenth Century China written by Ian Gow and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-11-18 with Social Science categories.
This book is a biography of a remarkable Scottish missionary worker, Alexander Wylie, a classical nineteenth century artisan and autodidact with a gift and passion for languages and mathematics. He made significant contributions to knowledge transfer, both to and from China: in missionary work as a printer, playing an important role in the production and distribution of a new Chinese translation of the Bible; as a teacher, translating into Chinese key western texts in science and mathematics including Newton and Euclid and publishing the first Chinese textbooks on modern symbolic algebra, calculus and astronomy; and as a writer in English and an internationally recognised major sinologist, bringing to the West much knowledge of China and contributing extensively to the development of British sinology. The book concludes with an overall evaluation of Wylie’s contribution to knowledge transfer to and from China, noting the imbalance between the significant corpus of scholarly work specifically on Wylie by Chinese scholars in Chinese and the lack of academic studies by western scholars in English.
Science In China 1600 1900
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Author : Yi Kai Ho
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2015-05-07
Science In China 1600 1900 written by Yi Kai Ho and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-07 with History categories.
Distinguished historian Benjamin A Elman's collective volume on the history of science in imperial China, brings together over 30 years of historical literature on the subject. With updates to the literature and new material including transcripts of podcasts and translated interview articles, Science in China takes the reader on a journey starting in the early 17th century with the missionary efforts of the Jesuits in China, and ending with the Protestant missions in the 19th century. These two milestone encounters brought Western sciences to local Chinese scholars with great success in shaping modern Chinese science. Elman studies the interaction between Western and Chinese sciences through philological research and evidence, and treats the two encounters not as separate events but as a continuum of creative exchange of scientific knowledge and discourse. Contents:Introduction — From Value to Fact: The Emergence of Phonology as a Precise Discipline in Late Imperial China Native Traditions of Natural Studies during the Ming–Qing Transition, 1600–1800Some Comparative Issues — Ming–Qing Border Defense and Jesuit Learning in Late Imperial ChinaThe Jesuit Role as "Technical Experts" in "High Qing" Western Learning and Evidential Research in the 18th Century The China Prize Essay Contest and the Late Qing Promotion of Modern ScienceThe Great Reversal: The "Rise of Japan" and the "Fall of China" after 1895Rethinking the 20th-Century Denigration of Traditional Chinese Science and Medicine in the 21st Century Readership: Undergraduates and researchers in history of science, Chinese history, history of Chinese science, philology, and history of East Asia and East Asian science. Key Features:Comprehensive volume on all writings of renown East Asian historian Benjamin A Elman on the history of science in imperial ChinaNew material and previously published works updated with contemporary research findingsKeywords:History of Science;Chinese History;Science in China;1600–1900;History;China
The Great Knowledge Transcendence
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Author : Dengjian Jin
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-02-01
The Great Knowledge Transcendence written by Dengjian Jin and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-01 with History categories.
This book illustrates the unnaturalness of modern science and technology by tracing their cognitive, evolutionary, and religious origins. It elaborates that all premodern knowers faced inherent limits, and the West was able to develop modern science and technology because of its inherent contradictions forcing the transcendence of limitations.
Excursions In Harmonic Analysis Volume 3
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Author : Radu Balan
language : en
Publisher: Birkhäuser
Release Date : 2015-06-02
Excursions In Harmonic Analysis Volume 3 written by Radu Balan and has been published by Birkhäuser this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-02 with Mathematics categories.
This volume consists of contributions spanning a wide spectrum of harmonic analysis and its applications written by speakers at the February Fourier Talks from 2002 – 2013. Containing cutting-edge results by an impressive array of mathematicians, engineers, and scientists in academia, industry, and government, it will be an excellent reference for graduate students, researchers, and professionals in pure and applied mathematics, physics, and engineering. Topics covered include · spectral analysis and correlation; · radar and communications: design, theory, and applications; · sparsity · special topics in harmonic analysis. The February Fourier Talks are held annually at the Norbert Wiener Center for Harmonic Analysis and Applications. Located at the University of Maryland, College Park, the Norbert Wiener Center provides a state-of- the-art research venue for the broad emerging area of mathematical engineering.
China Mission Studies 1550 1800 Bulletin As Of Vol 11 Sino Western Cultural Relations Journal
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Author : Hartmut Walravens
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2020-11-02
China Mission Studies 1550 1800 Bulletin As Of Vol 11 Sino Western Cultural Relations Journal written by Hartmut Walravens and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-02 with History categories.
The Sino-Western Cultural Relations Journal of which 38 fascicles were published between 1979 and 2016 is a mine of information on issues, events, articles and reviews on the subject. It attracted at first a very small constituency of experts in this relatively new field of research, at first focusing on the early China Mission, but then widening its scope and addressing the whole area of cultural relations between China and the West. This journal was edited and financed single-handedly by David E. Mungello who is known as a historian and an outstanding Leibniz expert. SWCRJ published contributions in English, German, French and Chinese, thus also supporting the growing interest in the subject in China. The present bibliography provides a complete listing of the contents of the journal and facilitates access by a name and a subject index. It is common knowledge that everything of value may be found on the internet but whoever puts this statement to the test will soon find out that "everything" actually means "something". Therefore the few serious students of the field will welcome the present modest bibliography.