The Cia And The Culture Of Failure
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The Cia And The Culture Of Failure
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Author : John M. Diamond
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Release Date : 2008
The Cia And The Culture Of Failure written by John M. Diamond and has been published by Stanford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Political Science categories.
The CIA and the Culture of Failure follows the CIA through a series of crises from the Soviet collapse to the war in Iraq and explains the political pressures that helped lead to the greatest failures in U.S. intelligence history.
The Cia And The Culture Of Failure
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Author : John Diamond
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
The Cia And The Culture Of Failure written by John Diamond and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with POLITICAL SCIENCE categories.
The 9/11 attacks and the war in Iraq sprang in no small part from massive intelligence failures, that much is well understood. How the CIA got to a point where it could fail so catastrophically is not. According to John Diamond, this slippage results from the tendency to overlook the links between seemingly unrelated intelligence failures and to underestimate the impact of political pressure on the CIA: factors we need to examine to understand both the origin and magnitude of the 9/11 and Iraq intelligence failures. To bring these links to light, Diamond analyzes the CIAs role in key events from the end of the Cold War (when the Soviet Union--and thus the CIAs main mission--came to an end) to the war in Iraq. His account explores both CIA successes and failures in the Soviet break-up, the Gulf War, the Ames spy case, the response to al-Qaedas initial attacks, and the US/UN effort to contain and disarm Iraq. By putting into historical perspective the intelligence failures--both real and perceived--surrounding these events, Diamond illuminates the links between lower-profile intelligence controversies in the early post-Cold War period and the high-profile failures that continue to define the War on Terrorism.
The Human Factor
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Author : Ishmael Jones
language : en
Publisher: Encounter Books
Release Date : 2010
The Human Factor written by Ishmael Jones and has been published by Encounter Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Political Science categories.
After spending decades as an agent to the CIA, Jones unravels the blunders and grave mistakes the U.S. has made over the years and makes the case for much-needed intelligence reform.
Constructing Cassandra
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Author : Milo Jones
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Release Date : 2013-08-21
Constructing Cassandra written by Milo Jones and has been published by Stanford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-21 with Political Science categories.
Constructing Cassandra analyzes the intelligence failures at the CIA that resulted in four key strategic surprises experienced by the US: the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962, the Iranian revolution of 1978, the collapse of the USSR in 1991, and the 9/11 terrorist attacks—surprises still play out today in U.S. policy. Although there has been no shortage of studies exploring how intelligence failures can happen, none of them have been able to provide a unified understanding of the phenomenon. To correct that omission, this book brings culture and identity to the foreground to present a unified model of strategic surprise; one that focuses on the internal make-up the CIA, and takes seriously those Cassandras who offered warnings, but were ignored. This systematic exploration of the sources of the CIA's intelligence failures points to ways to prevent future strategic surprises.
The Cultural Cold War
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Author : Frances Stonor Saunders
language : en
Publisher: The New Press
Release Date : 2013-11-05
The Cultural Cold War written by Frances Stonor Saunders and has been published by The New Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-05 with History categories.
During the Cold War, freedom of expression was vaunted as liberal democracy's most cherished possession—but such freedom was put in service of a hidden agenda. In The Cultural Cold War, Frances Stonor Saunders reveals the extraordinary efforts of a secret campaign in which some of the most vocal exponents of intellectual freedom in the West were working for or subsidized by the CIA—whether they knew it or not. Called "the most comprehensive account yet of the [CIA's] activities between 1947 and 1967" by the New York Times, the book presents shocking evidence of the CIA's undercover program of cultural interventions in Western Europe and at home, drawing together declassified documents and exclusive interviews to expose the CIA's astonishing campaign to deploy the likes of Hannah Arendt, Isaiah Berlin, Leonard Bernstein, Robert Lowell, George Orwell, and Jackson Pollock as weapons in the Cold War. Translated into ten languages, this classic work—now with a new preface by the author—is "a real contribution to popular understanding of the postwar period" (The Wall Street Journal), and its story of covert cultural efforts to win hearts and minds continues to be relevant today.
Why Intelligence Fails
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Author : Robert Jervis
language : en
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Release Date : 2010-12-15
Why Intelligence Fails written by Robert Jervis and has been published by Cornell University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-12-15 with Political Science categories.
The U.S. government spends enormous resources each year on the gathering and analysis of intelligence, yet the history of American foreign policy is littered with missteps and misunderstandings that have resulted from intelligence failures. In Why Intelligence Fails, Robert Jervis examines the politics and psychology of two of the more spectacular intelligence failures in recent memory: the mistaken belief that the regime of the Shah in Iran was secure and stable in 1978, and the claim that Iraq had active WMD programs in 2002. The Iran case is based on a recently declassified report Jervis was commissioned to undertake by CIA thirty years ago and includes memoranda written by CIA officials in response to Jervis's findings. The Iraq case, also grounded in a review of the intelligence community's performance, is based on close readings of both classified and declassified documents, though Jervis's conclusions are entirely supported by evidence that has been declassified. In both cases, Jervis finds not only that intelligence was badly flawed but also that later explanations—analysts were bowing to political pressure and telling the White House what it wanted to hear or were willfully blind—were also incorrect. Proponents of these explanations claimed that initial errors were compounded by groupthink, lack of coordination within the government, and failure to share information. Policy prescriptions, including the recent establishment of a Director of National Intelligence, were supposed to remedy the situation. In Jervis's estimation, neither the explanations nor the prescriptions are adequate. The inferences that intelligence drew were actually quite plausible given the information available. Errors arose, he concludes, from insufficient attention to the ways in which information should be gathered and interpreted, a lack of self-awareness about the factors that led to the judgments, and an organizational culture that failed to probe for weaknesses and explore alternatives. Evaluating the inherent tensions between the methods and aims of intelligence personnel and policymakers from a unique insider's perspective, Jervis forcefully criticizes recent proposals for improving the performance of the intelligence community and discusses ways in which future analysis can be improved.
Selling The Cia
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Author : David S. McCarthy
language : en
Publisher: University Press of Kansas
Release Date : 2018-06-14
Selling The Cia written by David S. McCarthy and has been published by University Press of Kansas this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-14 with History categories.
Dubbed the "Year of Intelligence," 1975 was not a good year for the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Caught spying on American citizens, the agency was under investigation, indicted in shocking headlines, its future covert operations at risk. Like so many others caught up in public scandal, the CIA turned to public relations. This book tells what happened next. In the mid-1970s CIA officials developed a public relations strategy to fend off the agency's critics. In Selling the CIA David Shamus McCarthy describes a PR campaign that proceeded with remarkable continuity--and effectiveness--through the decades and regimes that followed. He deftly chronicles the agency's efforts to project an image of openness and accountability, even as it did its best to put a positive spin on secrecy--"[m]ore openness with greater secrecy," in the Orwellian words of one director of public affairs. A tale of machinations and manipulation worthy of Hollywood, McCarthy's work exposes a culture of secrecy unwittingly sustained by the forces of popular culture; a public relations offensive working on all fronts to perpetuate the CIA's mystique as the heroic guardian of national security. "Our failures are known, our successes are not" has been the guiding mantra of this initiative. Selling the CIA spotlights how the agency’s success in outmaneuvering Congress and avoiding public scrutiny stands as a direct threat to American democracy.
Denial And Deception
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Author : Melissa Boyle Mahle
language : en
Publisher: Bold Type Books
Release Date : 2005-12-21
Denial And Deception written by Melissa Boyle Mahle and has been published by Bold Type Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-12-21 with Political Science categories.
The reality for a woman agent working in the secret world of intelligence often leads to extraordinary obstacles and sacrifices. Melissa Boyle Mahle, a sixteen-year covert operative for the CIA in the Middle East, was the Agency's top-ranked female Arabist before she left in 2002. In Denial and Deception, Mahle not only describes the Agency's successes and failures, but details her life as a woman in one of the last professions that remain almost exclusively male-directed and dominated. The author has a unique vantage point from which to view the political and operational culture of the CIA in the post-Cold War climate, and reveals how it failed to anticipate the 9/11 attacks. From Ronald Reagan to George W. Bush, she provides a vivid narrative of how the agency became a rudderless organization, lost in the post-Cold War world. Afraid to take risks that might offend Congress and European allies after overstepping its legal bounds in the Iran-Contra era, gutted of the clandestine operators who knew how to run secret wars, demoralized by criticism and poor performance, the CIA simply became unable and unwilling "to get down and dirty to do the hard part to fight a real war on terrorism."
Spying Blind
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Author : Amy B. Zegart
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2009-02-17
Spying Blind written by Amy B. Zegart and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-02-17 with Political Science categories.
In this pathbreaking book, Amy Zegart provides the first scholarly examination of the intelligence failures that preceded September 11. Until now, those failures have been attributed largely to individual mistakes. But Zegart shows how and why the intelligence system itself left us vulnerable. Zegart argues that after the Cold War ended, the CIA and FBI failed to adapt to the rise of terrorism. She makes the case by conducting painstaking analysis of more than three hundred intelligence reform recommendations and tracing the history of CIA and FBI counterterrorism efforts from 1991 to 2001, drawing extensively from declassified government documents and interviews with more than seventy high-ranking government officials. She finds that political leaders were well aware of the emerging terrorist danger and the urgent need for intelligence reform, but failed to achieve the changes they sought. The same forces that have stymied intelligence reform for decades are to blame: resistance inside U.S. intelligence agencies, the rational interests of politicians and career bureaucrats, and core aspects of our democracy such as the fragmented structure of the federal government. Ultimately failures of adaptation led to failures of performance. Zegart reveals how longstanding organizational weaknesses left unaddressed during the 1990s prevented the CIA and FBI from capitalizing on twenty-three opportunities to disrupt the September 11 plot. Spying Blind is a sobering account of why two of America's most important intelligence agencies failed to adjust to new threats after the Cold War, and why they are unlikely to adapt in the future.
A Culture Of Deference
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Author : Stephen R. Weissman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995-06-28
A Culture Of Deference written by Stephen R. Weissman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995-06-28 with United States categories.
"A Culture of Deference is filled with revelations about both Congress and American foreign policy. The author traces the development of a set of norms and beliefs - "a culture of deference" - that has confined Congress to the margins of power and caused American interests to suffer around the globe. A legacy of fifty years of hot and cold war, this powerful but often unseen web of internal customs helps generate bipartisan obeisance to the president as well as to narrow-based "special interests."" "The book portrays the workings of this phenomenon in the Carter, Reagan, Bush, and Clinton admistrations via fresh analyses of Congress and U.S. policy regarding El Salvador, Angola, Nicaragua, Zaire, Iraq, Bosnia, and Somalia. Weissman also shows how exceptional bipartisan leadership and emergent broadbased political constituencies occasionally enable Congress to transcend its predominant culture."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved