The Concept Of Validity
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The Concept Of Validity
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Author : Robert W. Lissitz
language : en
Publisher: IAP
Release Date : 2009-11-01
The Concept Of Validity written by Robert W. Lissitz and has been published by IAP this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-11-01 with Education categories.
Validity is widely held to be the most important criterion for an assessment. Nevertheless, assessment professionals have disagreed about the meaning of validity almost from the introduction of the term as applied to testing about 100 years ago. Over the years, the best and brightest people in assessment have contributed their thinking to this problem and the fact that they have not agreed is testimony to the complexity and importance of validity. Even today, ways to define validity are being debated in the published literature in the assessment profession. How can such a fundamental concept be so controversial? This book brings focus to diverse perspectives about validity. Its chapter authors were chosen because of their expertise and because they differ from each other in the ways they think about the validity construct. Its introduction and ten chapters bridge both the theoretical and the practical. Contributors include most prominent names in the field of validity and their perspectives are at once cogent and controversial. From these diverse and well-informed discussions, the reader will gain a deep understanding of the core issues in validity along with directions toward possible resolutions. The debate that exists among these authors is a rich one that will stimulate the reader’s own understanding and opinion. Several chapters are oriented more practically. Ways to study validity are presented by professionals who blend current assessment practice with new suggestions for what sort of evidence to develop and how to generate the needed information. In addition they provide examples of some of the options on how to present the validity argument in the most effective ways. The initial chapter by the Editor is an effort to orient the reader as well as providing an overview of the book. Bob Lissitz has provided a brief perspective on each of the subsequent chapters as well as presenting a series of questions regarding validation that the reader will want to try to answer for themselves, as he or she reads through this book. This book’s topic is fundamental to assessment, its authors are distinguished, and its scope is broad. It deserves to become established as a fundamental reference on validity for years to come.
Frontiers Of Test Validity Theory
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Author : Keith A. Markus
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2024-12-30
Frontiers Of Test Validity Theory written by Keith A. Markus and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-12-30 with Psychology categories.
Now in its second edition, this important book examines test validity in the behavioral, social, and educational sciences by exploring three fundamental problems: measurement, causation, and meaning. Psychometric and philosophical perspectives and unresolved issues receive attention, as the authors explore how measurement is conceived from both the classical and modern perspectives. Split into three accessible sections, the first contrasts theories of measurement as applied to the validity of behavioral science measures, and the second considers causal theories of measurement as well as alternative theories of causation. The final section explores the meaning and interpretation of test scores as they apply to test validity, offering a conceptual overview of the field and its current state. Each carefully revised chapter begins with an overview of key theories and literature, concludes with a list of suggested readings, and features boxes with real-life situations that connect theory to practice. Examples of specific issues include: How tests can assess an attribute without measuring it. The role of values in test validity. Interpreting responses to the same question in different languages. Researchers, practitioners, and policy makers interested in test validity or developing tests will appreciate the book's cutting-edge review of test validity. Focusing on both the underlying concepts, as well as practical challenges of test construction and use, it also serves as a supplement in graduate or advanced undergraduate courses on test validity, psychometrics, testing, or measurement taught in psychology, education, sociology, social work, political science, business, criminal justice, and other fields. The book does not assume a background in measurement.
Legal Validity And Soft Law
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Author : Pauline Westerman
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-12-05
Legal Validity And Soft Law written by Pauline Westerman and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-05 with Law categories.
This book features essays that investigate the nature of legal validity from the point of view of different traditions and disciplines. Validity is a fascinating and elusive characteristic of law that in itself deserves to be explored, but further investigation is made more acute and necessary by the production, nowadays, of soft law products of regulation, such as declarations, self-regulatory codes, and standardization norms. These types of rules may not exhibit the characteristics of formal law, and may lack full formal validity but yet may have a very real impact on people's lives. The essays focus on the structural properties of hard and soft legal phenomena and the basis of their validity. Some propose to redefine validity: to allow for multiple concepts instead of one and/or to allow for a gradual concept of validity. Others seek to analyze the new situation by linking it to familiar historical debates and well-established theories of law. In addition, coverage looks at the functions of validity itself. The discussion considers both international law as well as domestic law arrangements. What does it mean to say that something is valid? Should we discard validity as the determining aspect of law? If so, what does this mean for our concept of law? Should we differentiate between kinds of validity? Or, can we say that rules can be "more" or "less" valid? After reading this book, practitioners, scholars and students will have a nuanced understanding of these questions and more. Chapter 6 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Juristic Concept Of The Validity Of Statutory Law
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Author : Andrzej Grabowski
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-24
Juristic Concept Of The Validity Of Statutory Law written by Andrzej Grabowski and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-24 with Law categories.
This book presents the theory of the validity of legal norms, aimed at the practice of law, in particular the jurisdiction of the constitutional courts. The postpositivist concept of the validity of statutory law, grounded on a critical analysis of the basic theories of legal validity elaborated up to now, is introduced. In the first part of the book a contemporary German nonpositivist conception of law developed by Ralf Dreier and Robert Alexy is analysed in order to answer the question whether the juristic concept of legal validity should include moral standards or criteria. In the second part, a postpositivist concept of legal validity and an innovative model of validity discourse, based on the juristic presumption of the validity of legal norms, are proposed. The book is a work on analytical legal theory, written from a postpositivist, detached point of view.
On Law And Reason
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Author : Aleksander Peczenik
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2014-01-12
On Law And Reason written by Aleksander Peczenik and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-12 with Law categories.
'This is an outline of a coherence theory of law. Its basic ideas are: reasonable support and weighing of reasons. All the rest is commentary.’ These words at the beginning of the preface of this book perfectly indicate what On Law and Reason is about. It is a theory about the nature of the law which emphasises the role of reason in the law and which refuses to limit the role of reason to the application of deductive logic. In 1989, when the first edition of On Law and Reason appeared, this book was ground breaking for several reasons. It provided a rationalistic theory of the law in the language of analytic philosophy and based on a thorough understanding of the results, including technical ones, of analytic philosophy. That was not an obvious combination at the time of the book’s first appearance and still is not. The result is an analytical rigor that is usually associated with positivist theories of the law, combined with a philosophical position that is not natural law in a strict sense, but which shares with it the emphasis on the role of reason in determining what the law is. If only for this rare combination, On Law and Reason still deserves careful study. On Law and Reason also foreshadowed and influenced a development in the field of Legal Logic that would take place in the nineties of the 20th century, namely the development of non-monotonic (‘defeasible’) logics for the analysis of legal reasoning. In the new Introduction to this second edition, thisaspect is explored in some more detail.
Validity In Educational And Psychological Assessment
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Author : Paul Newton
language : en
Publisher: SAGE
Release Date : 2014-04-15
Validity In Educational And Psychological Assessment written by Paul Newton and has been published by SAGE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-15 with Education categories.
Validity is the hallmark of quality for educational and psychological measurement. But what does quality mean in this context? And to what, exactly, does the concept of validity apply? These apparently innocuous questions parachute the unwary inquirer into a minefield of tricky ideas. This book guides you through this minefield, investigating how the concept of validity has evolved from the nineteenth century to the present day. Communicating complicated concepts straightforwardly, the authors answer questions like: What does ′validity′ mean? What does it mean to ′validate′? How many different kinds of validity are there? When does validation begin and end? Is reliability a part of validity, or distinct from it? This book will be of interest to anyone with a professional or academic interest in evaluating the quality of educational or psychological assessments, measurements and diagnoses.
Validity And Validation In Social Behavioral And Health Sciences
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Author : Bruno D. Zumbo
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-09-26
Validity And Validation In Social Behavioral And Health Sciences written by Bruno D. Zumbo and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-26 with Social Science categories.
This book combines an overview of validity theory, trends in validation practices and a review of standards and guidelines in several international jurisdictions with research synthesis of the validity evidence in different research areas. An overview of theory is both useful and timely, in view of the increased use of tests and measures for decision-making, ranking and policy purposes in large-scale testing, assessment and social indicators and quality of life research. Research synthesis is needed to help us assemble, critically appraise and integrate the overwhelming volume of research on validity in different contexts. Rather than examining whether any given measure is “valid”, the focus is on a critical appraisal of the kinds of validity evidence reported in the published research literature. The five sources of validity evidence discussed are: content-related, response processes, internal structure, associations with other variables and consequences. The 15 syntheses included here, represent a broad sampling of psychosocial, health, medical and educational research settings, giving us an extensive evidential basis to build upon earlier studies. The book concludes with a meta-synthesis of the 15 syntheses and a discussion of the current thinking of validation practices by leading experts in the field.
The Qualitative Researcher S Companion
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Author : Michael Huberman
language : en
Publisher: SAGE
Release Date : 2002-03-19
The Qualitative Researcher S Companion written by Michael Huberman and has been published by SAGE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-03-19 with Reference categories.
This text provides a solid intellectual grounding in the area of qualitative research. It examines theoretical underpinnings, methodological perspectives and empirical approaches.
Scientific Foundations Of Clinical Assessment
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Author : Stephen N. Haynes
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2011-03-07
Scientific Foundations Of Clinical Assessment written by Stephen N. Haynes and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-03-07 with Psychology categories.
Scientific Foundations of Clinical Assessment is a user-friendly overview of the most important principles and concepts of clinical assessment. It provides readers with a science-based framework for interpreting assessment research and making good assessment decisions, such as selecting the best instruments and measures and interpreting the obtained assessment data. Written in a direct and highly readable fashion, with plenty of clinical examples that illustrate the relevance of psychometric principles and assessment research, this text is one every professional and graduate student needs to read. Numerous elements are used consistently throughout the book to facilitate understanding and retention, such as: • text boxes that provide extended presentations of the application of principles and research • end-of-chapter summaries that review key issues covered, and • additional recommended sources for each chapter. A detailed glossary that defines key measurement and assessment concepts is also included, making this book an invaluable reference and supplementary text for anyone who does clinical assessment in the health and mental health domains.
Foundations Of Logical Consequence
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Author : Colin R. Caret
language : en
Publisher: Mind Association Occasional
Release Date : 2015
Foundations Of Logical Consequence written by Colin R. Caret and has been published by Mind Association Occasional this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Mathematics categories.
Logical consequence is the relation that obtains between premises and conclusion(s) in a valid argument. Orthodoxy has it that valid arguments are necessarily truth-preserving, but this platitude only raises a number of further questions, such as: how does the truth of premises guarantee the truth of a conclusion, and what constraints does validity impose on rational belief? This volume presents thirteen essays by some of the most important scholars in the field of philosophical logic. The essays offer ground-breaking new insights into the nature of logical consequence; the relation between logic and inference; how the semantics and pragmatics of natural language bear on logic; the relativity of logic; and the structural properties of the consequence relation.