The Consistency Of Arithmetic
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The Consistency Of Arithmetic
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Author : Storrs McCall
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2014-06-02
The Consistency Of Arithmetic written by Storrs McCall and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-02 with Philosophy categories.
This volume contains six new and fifteen previously published essays -- plus a new introduction -- by Storrs McCall. Some of the essays were written in collaboration with E. J. Lowe of Durham University. The essays discuss controversial topics in logic, action theory, determinism and indeterminism, and the nature of human choice and decision. Some construct a modern up-to-date version of Aristotle's bouleusis, practical deliberation. This process of practical deliberation is shown to be indeterministic but highly controlled and the antithesis of chance. Others deal with the concept of branching four-dimensional space-time, explain non-local influences in quantum mechanics, or reconcile God's omniscience with human free will. The eponymous first essay contains the proof of a fact that in 1931 Kurt Gödel had claimed to be unprovable, namely that the set of arithmetic truths forms a consistent system.
G Del S Theorems And Zermelo S Axioms
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Author : Lorenz Halbeisen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-10-16
G Del S Theorems And Zermelo S Axioms written by Lorenz Halbeisen and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-16 with Mathematics categories.
This book provides a concise and self-contained introduction to the foundations of mathematics. The first part covers the fundamental notions of mathematical logic, including logical axioms, formal proofs and the basics of model theory. Building on this, in the second and third part of the book the authors present detailed proofs of Gödel’s classical completeness and incompleteness theorems. In particular, the book includes a full proof of Gödel’s second incompleteness theorem which states that it is impossible to prove the consistency of arithmetic within its axioms. The final part is dedicated to an introduction into modern axiomatic set theory based on the Zermelo’s axioms, containing a presentation of Gödel’s constructible universe of sets. A recurring theme in the whole book consists of standard and non-standard models of several theories, such as Peano arithmetic, Presburger arithmetic and the real numbers. The book addresses undergraduate mathematics students and is suitable for a one or two semester introductory course into logic and set theory. Each chapter concludes with a list of exercises.
G Del S Theorem
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Author : Torkel Franzén
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2005-06-06
G Del S Theorem written by Torkel Franzén and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-06-06 with Mathematics categories.
"Among the many expositions of Gödel's incompleteness theorems written for non-specialists, this book stands apart. With exceptional clarity, Franzén gives careful, non-technical explanations both of what those theorems say and, more importantly, what they do not. No other book aims, as his does, to address in detail the misunderstandings and abuses of the incompleteness theorems that are so rife in popular discussions of their significance. As an antidote to the many spurious appeals to incompleteness in theological, anti-mechanist and post-modernist debates, it is a valuable addition to the literature." --- John W. Dawson, author of Logical Dilemmas: The Life and Work of Kurt Gödel
An Introduction To Proof Theory
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Author : Paolo Mancosu
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2021
An Introduction To Proof Theory written by Paolo Mancosu and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Mathematics categories.
"Proof theory is a central area of mathematical logic of special interest to philosophy . It has its roots in the foundational debate of the 1920s, in particular, in Hilbert's program in the philosophy of mathematics, which called for a formalization of mathematics, as well as for a proof, using philosophically unproblematic, "finitary" means, that these systems are free from contradiction. Structural proof theory investigates the structure and properties of proofs in different formal deductive systems, including axiomatic derivations, natural deduction, and the sequent calculus. Central results in structural proof theory are the normalization theorem for natural deduction, proved here for both intuitionistic and classical logic, and the cut-elimination theorem for the sequent calculus. In formal systems of number theory formulated in the sequent calculus, the induction rule plays a central role. It can be eliminated from proofs of sequents of a certain elementary form: every proof of an atomic sequent can be transformed into a "simple" proof. This is Hilbert's central idea for giving finitary consistency proofs. The proof requires a measure of proof complexity called an ordinal notation. The branch of proof theory dealing with mathematical systems such as arithmetic thus has come to be called ordinal proof theory. The theory of ordinal notations is developed here in purely combinatorial terms, and the consistency proof for arithmetic presented in detail"--
Mathematics And Its History
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Author : John Stillwell
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-11-07
Mathematics And Its History written by John Stillwell and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-07 with Mathematics categories.
This textbook provides a unified and concise exploration of undergraduate mathematics by approaching the subject through its history. Readers will discover the rich tapestry of ideas behind familiar topics from the undergraduate curriculum, such as calculus, algebra, topology, and more. Featuring historical episodes ranging from the Ancient Greeks to Fermat and Descartes, this volume offers a glimpse into the broader context in which these ideas developed, revealing unexpected connections that make this ideal for a senior capstone course. The presentation of previous versions has been refined by omitting the less mainstream topics and inserting new connecting material, allowing instructors to cover the book in a one-semester course. This condensed edition prioritizes succinctness and cohesiveness, and there is a greater emphasis on visual clarity, featuring full color images and high quality 3D models. As in previous editions, a wide array of mathematical topics are covered, from geometry to computation; however, biographical sketches have been omitted. Mathematics and Its History: A Concise Edition is an essential resource for courses or reading programs on the history of mathematics. Knowledge of basic calculus, algebra, geometry, topology, and set theory is assumed. From reviews of previous editions: “Mathematics and Its History is a joy to read. The writing is clear, concise and inviting. The style is very different from a traditional text. I found myself picking it up to read at the expense of my usual late evening thriller or detective novel.... The author has done a wonderful job of tying together the dominant themes of undergraduate mathematics.” Richard J. Wilders, MAA, on the Third Edition "The book...is presented in a lively style without unnecessary detail. It is very stimulating and will be appreciated not only by students. Much attention is paid to problems and to the development of mathematics before the end of the nineteenth century.... This book brings to the non-specialist interested in mathematics many interesting results. It can be recommended for seminars and will be enjoyed by the broad mathematical community." European Mathematical Society, on the Second Edition
Principia Mathematica
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Author : Alfred North Whitehead
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1927
Principia Mathematica written by Alfred North Whitehead and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1927 with Mathematics categories.
The Principia Mathematica has long been recognised as one of the intellectual landmarks of the century.
The Collected Papers Of Gerhard Gentzen
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Author : Lev D. Beklemishev
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2000-04-01
The Collected Papers Of Gerhard Gentzen written by Lev D. Beklemishev and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-04-01 with Mathematics categories.
The Collected Papers of Gerhard Gentzen
Logic For Mathematicians
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Author : A. G. Hamilton
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1988-09-29
Logic For Mathematicians written by A. G. Hamilton and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988-09-29 with Mathematics categories.
In Logic for Mathematicians, author Hamilton introduces the reader to the techniques and principle results of mathematical logic.
Encyclopaedia Of Mathematics Set
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Author : Michiel Hazewinkel
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1994-02-28
Encyclopaedia Of Mathematics Set written by Michiel Hazewinkel and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-02-28 with Mathematics categories.
The Encyclopaedia of Mathematics is the most up-to-date, authoritative and comprehensive English-language work of reference in mathematics which exists today. With over 7,000 articles from `A-integral' to `Zygmund Class of Functions', supplemented with a wealth of complementary information, and an index volume providing thorough cross-referencing of entries of related interest, the Encyclopaedia of Mathematics offers an immediate source of reference to mathematical definitions, concepts, explanations, surveys, examples, terminology and methods. The depth and breadth of content and the straightforward, careful presentation of the information, with the emphasis on accessibility, makes the Encyclopaedia of Mathematics an immensely useful tool for all mathematicians and other scientists who use, or are confronted by, mathematics in their work. The Enclyclopaedia of Mathematics provides, without doubt, a reference source of mathematical knowledge which is unsurpassed in value and usefulness. It can be highly recommended for use in libraries of universities, research institutes, colleges and even schools.
Encyclopaedia Of Mathematics
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Author : M. Hazewinkel
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2013-12-01
Encyclopaedia Of Mathematics written by M. Hazewinkel and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-01 with Mathematics categories.