The Dynamics Of Arthopod Predator Prey Systems
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The Dynamics Of Arthopod Predator Prey Systems
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Author : Michael Patrick Hassell
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2020-03-31
The Dynamics Of Arthopod Predator Prey Systems written by Michael Patrick Hassell and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-31 with Science categories.
In this study of arthropod predador-prey systems Michael Hassell shows how many of the components of predation may be simply modeled in order to reveal their effects on the overall dynamics of the interacting populations. Arthropods, particularly insects, make ideal subjects for such a study because their generation times are characteristically short and many have relatively discrete generations, inviting the use of difference equation models to describe population changes. Using analytical models framed in difference equations, Dr. Hassell is able to show how the detailed biological processes of insect predator-prey (including host-parasitoid) interactions may be understood. Emphasizing the development and subsequent stability analysis of general models, the author considers in detail several crucial components of predator-prey models: the prey's rate of increase as a function of density, non-random search, mutual interference, and the predator's rate of increase as a function of predator survival and fecundity. Drawing on the correspondence between the models and field and laboratory data, Dr. Hassell then discusses the practical implications for biological pest control and suggests how such models may help to formulate a theoretical basis for biological control practices.
Insect Predator Prey Dynamics
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Author : A. F. G. Dixon
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2000-06
Insect Predator Prey Dynamics written by A. F. G. Dixon and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-06 with Nature categories.
Much of our understanding about insect predator-prey dynamics has been due to studies on insect parasitoids. But do true predators such as ladybird beetles really operate in a similar way and how does this affect their use in biological control? The extensive literature on ladybirds as biocontrol agents shows that their size and rate of development is very dependent on the nature of their prey. This volume explores basic ladybird biology, their association with their prey and its effect on development rate and body size. Optimal foraging theory, field observations and laboratory experiments are used to illustrate how ladybird larvae maximise their rate of energy intake, and ladybird adults their fitness. The interdependence of these life history parameters is then used to develop a simple predator-prey model which, with an analysis of the literature, highlights the specific attributes of potentially successful biocontrol agents for all those interested in predator-prey dynamics.
Metapopulation Dynamics Empirical And Theoretical Investigations
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Author : Michael Gilpin
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2012-12-02
Metapopulation Dynamics Empirical And Theoretical Investigations written by Michael Gilpin and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-02 with Science categories.
Metapopulation Dynamics: Empirical and Theoretical Investigations covers the 1989 proceedings of a metapopulation dynamics workshop held at Lammi Biological Station, Helsinki, Finland. It is divided into 18 chapters that cover various approaches to spatially structured population and community dynamics. After briefly discussing the history of metapopulation ideas and the major conceptual links, the book covers types of studies that have been conducted on single-species and multispecies metapopulations. Then, it examines the relationships between metapopulation dynamics, the equilibrium theory of island biogeography, and the dynamics of populations living in patchy environments. It further tackles practical issues and the links between metapopulation dynamics and landscape ecology, and between metapopulation dynamics and conservation biology. Chapters 4 and 5 present structured models describing changes in the number of individuals within patches and an empirical evaluation of local extinction in metapopulation studies. The subsequent chapters discuss several aspects of metapopulation, including dispersal and connectivity, colonization, conspecific attraction, extinction and isolation, and forest fragmentation. The latter chapters describe the concept of habitat fragmentation, the diversity and competition in metapopulations, the community collapse, and the effects of metapopulation studies in predator-prey systems.
1st International Symposium On Biological Control Of Arthropods
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
1st International Symposium On Biological Control Of Arthropods written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Arthropod pests categories.
Global Dynamical Properties Of Lotka Volterra Systems
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Author : Yasuhiro Takeuchi
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 1996-04-13
Global Dynamical Properties Of Lotka Volterra Systems written by Yasuhiro Takeuchi and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-04-13 with Mathematics categories.
Mathematical ecology is a subject which recently attracts attentions of many mathematicians and biologists. One of the most important and fundamental mathematical models in ecology is of Lotka-Volterra type. This book gives global dynamical properties of L-V systems. The properties analyzed are global stability of the equilibria, persistence or permanence of the systems (which ensures the survival of all the biological-species composed of the systems for the long term) and the existence of periodic or chaotic solutions. The special subject of this book is to consider the effects of the systems structure, diffusion of the biological species and time delay on the global dynamical properties of the systems.
Game Theory And Animal Behavior
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Author : Lee Alan Dugatkin
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2000-03-23
Game Theory And Animal Behavior written by Lee Alan Dugatkin and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-03-23 with Mathematics categories.
Game theory has revolutionized the study of animal behavior. The fundamental principle of evolutionary game theory--that the strategy adopted by one individual depends on the strategies exhibited by others--has proven a powerful tool in uncovering the forces shaping otherwise mysterious behaviors. In this volume, the first since 1982 devoted to evolutionary game theory, leading researchers describe applications of the theory to diverse types of behavior, providing an overview of recent discoveries and a synthesis of current research. The volume begins with a clear introduction to game theory and its explanatory scope. This is followed by a series of chapters on the use of game theory to understand a range of behaviors: social foraging, cooperation, animal contests, communication, reproductive skew and nepotism within groups, sibling rivalry, alternative life-histories, habitat selection, trophic-level interactions, learning, and human social behavior. In addition, the volume includes a discussion of the relations among game theory, optimality, and quantitative genetics, and an assessment of the overall utility of game theory to the study of social behavior. Presented in a manner accessible to anyone interested in animal behavior but not necessarily trained in the mathematics of game theory, the book is intended for a wide audience of undergraduates, graduate students, and professional biologists pursuing the evolutionary analysis of animal behavior.
Ecology Of Wildlife Host Parasite Interactions
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Author : Bryan T. Grenfell
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1995
Ecology Of Wildlife Host Parasite Interactions written by Bryan T. Grenfell and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Medical categories.
This new collection of articles, edited by Bryan T. Grenfell includes: Factors affecting the evolution of virulence: nematode parasites of fig wasps; Maintenance of a microparasite infecting several host species in the Seregeti; Wildlife disease and conservation in Hawaii: pathogenicity of avian malaria (Plasmodium relictum) in experimentally infected Iiwi (Vestiaria coccinia).
Parasitoids
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Author : H. Charles J. Godfray
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2019-12-31
Parasitoids written by H. Charles J. Godfray and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-31 with Science categories.
Parasitoids lay their eggs on or in the bodies of other species of insect, and the parasitoid larvae develop by feeding on the host, causing its eventual death. Known for a long time to applied biologists for their importance in regulating the population densities of economic pests, parasitoids have recently proven to be valuable tools in testing many aspects of evolutionary theory. This book synthesizes the work of both schools of parasitoid biology and asks how a consideration of evolutionary biology can help us understand the behavior, ecology, and diversity of the approximately one to two million species of parasitoid found on earth. After a general introduction to parasitoid natural history and taxonomy, the first part of the book treats the different components of the reproductive strategy of parasitoids: searching for a host, host selection, clutch size, and the sex ratio. Subsequent chapters discuss pathogens and non-Mendelian genetic elements that affect sexual reproduction; evolutionary aspects of the physiological interactions between parasitoid and host; mating strategies; life history theory and community ecology. A special effort is made to discuss the theoretical background to the subject, but without the use of mathematics.
Insect Populations In Theory And In Practice
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Author : Jack P. Dempster
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Insect Populations In Theory And In Practice written by Jack P. Dempster and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Insects are by far the largest group of animals on Earth, with over a million described species, and they occupy a wide range of ecological niches - they may be herbivores, predators, parasites or decomposers. Some are of particular economic importance as pests of agriculture and forestry, as vectors of animal and human disease, or as species of interest to wildlife conservation. Thus an understanding of the processes determining their numbers is of considerable practical value. Entomologists have played a leading role in developing a theoretical basis to Population Ecology, but we still do not have adequate experimental and observational proof for many of the theoretical ideas that have been proposed. As a result, the subject has been beset with arguments for more than 50 years. This volume attempts to reconcile some of these controversies, while also reviewing the current state of our knowledge. The editors have drawn together an international list of contributors whose views reflect a range of opinions on how natural populations are stabilised. They have succeeded in producing a book that both covers the main alternative views in population theory and contains some of the best recent field studies of insect populations. This Royal Entomological Society Symposium volume will be of great interest to all entomologists and ecologists, particularly those who wish to know more about Population Dynamics.
Ecology Of Marine Deposit Feeders
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Author : Glenn Lopez
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Ecology Of Marine Deposit Feeders written by Glenn Lopez and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Deposit feeders, animals that derive nutrition from organic matter in sedimentary deposits, are dominant among the inhabitants of muds and, therefore, of the benthos of much of the ocean. In this volume the critical research problems pertaining to deposit feeders are identified and promising approaches for dealing with those problems are proposed. Interdisciplinary approaches are of utmost importance in the study of deposit feeders and their sedimentary environment, merging fields as disparate as nutritional physiology and sediment geochemistry. Among the topics presented are advances in theories of foraging and digestion, and new experimental approaches to study the potential foods, feeding behavior and physiology of animals that ingest sediment.