The Effect Of Perceived Self Orientation On The Perception Of Visually Induced Self Motion
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The Effect Of Perceived Self Orientation On The Perception Of Visually Induced Self Motion
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Author : Meaghan Elizabeth McManus
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
The Effect Of Perceived Self Orientation On The Perception Of Visually Induced Self Motion written by Meaghan Elizabeth McManus and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
In certain environments the direction of up indicated by vision and gravity can be in conflict where these directions do not agree. Some people resolve this conflict by relying on their visual cues. In this case, when a participant and the room in which they are sitting are both tilted together, they would feel as if they were standing upright and would experience what is called a Visual Reorientation Illusion (VRI). A VRI on Earth might result from either (1) ignoring the gravity up in favour of the visual up, resulting in a higher visual weighting, or (2) misinterpreting the ambiguous vestibular acceleration cue not as a tilt but as a translation. In Chapter 2, I present evidence that during a VRI individuals require less visual motion to perceive that they have traveled through a specified distance: the move-to-target task. This might result from an enhancement of the visual cue due to a higher visual weighting while down-weighting the conflicting gravity cue, here referred to as my reweighting hypothesis. In Chapter 3, I find that people with VRIs actually have a lower visual weight and higher gravity weight when determining their perceived upright. This suggests that either the reweighting theory is incorrect or that the participants with a higher gravity weight might be more likely to detect, and then reweight, the conflicting visual and vestibular cues. In Chapter 4, I find that when the gravity cue is removed by moving into a 0g environment, initially there is no difference in performance on the move-to-target task compared to on Earth, but after adapting to microgravity and also upon return to 1g, participants need more visual motion to feel they have passed through a specified distance. Chapter 4 provides further evidence that my reweighting theory is incorrect. My research demonstrates that even within the same environment and while viewing the same stimuli, different people can have different interpretations of the environment which are related to changes in behaviour. Specifically, a persons perceived orientation can affect their self-motion perception. The findings are discussed in terms of sensory cue conflict and reweighting, as well as differences between how we perceive visual motion versus how we use it.
Perception Control Of Self Motion
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Author : Rik Warren
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 1990
Perception Control Of Self Motion written by Rik Warren and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Psychology categories.
First Published in 1990. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
The Perception Of Object Motion During Self Motion
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Author : Diederick Christian Niehorster
language : en
Publisher: Open Dissertation Press
Release Date : 2017-01-26
The Perception Of Object Motion During Self Motion written by Diederick Christian Niehorster and has been published by Open Dissertation Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-26 with categories.
This dissertation, "The Perception of Object Motion During Self-motion" by Diederick Christian, Niehorster, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: When we stand still and do not move our eyes and head, the motion of an object in the world or the absence thereof is directly given by the motion or quiescence of the retinal image. Self-motion through the world however complicates this retinal image. During self-motion, the whole retinal image undergoes coherent global motion, called optic flow. Self-motion therefore causes the retinal motion of objects moving in the world to be confounded by a motion component due to self-motion. How then do we perceive the motion of an object in the world when we ourselves are also moving? Although non-visual information about self-motion, such as provided by efference copies of motor commands and vestibular stimulation, might play a role in this ability, it has recently been shown that the brain possesses a purely visual mechanism that underlies scene-relative object motion perception during self-motion. In the flow parsing hypothesis developed by Rushton and Warren (2005; Warren & Rushton, 2007; 2009b), the brain uses its sensitivity to optic flow to detect and globally remove retinal motion due to self-motion and recover the scene-relative motion of objects. Research into this perceptual ability has so far been of a qualitative nature. In this thesis, I therefore develop a retinal motion nulling paradigm to measure the gain with which the flow parsing mechanism uses the optic flow to remove the self-motion component from an object's retinal motion. I use this paradigm to investigate how accurate scene-relative object motion perception during self-motion can be based on only visual information, whether this flow parsing process depends on a percept of the direction of self-motion and the tuning of flow parsing, i.e., how it is modulated by changes in various stimulus aspects. The results reveal that although adding monocular or binocular depth information to the display to precisely specify the moving object's 3D position in the scene improved the accuracy of flow parsing, the flow parsing gain was never up to the extent required by the scene geometry. Furthermore, the flow parsing gain was lower at higher eccentricities from the focus of expansion in the flow field and was strongly modulated by changes in the motion angle between the self-motion and object motion components in the retinal motion of the moving object, the speeds of these components and the density of the flow field. Lastly, flow parsing was not affected by illusory changes in the perceived direction of self-motion. In conclusion, visual information alone is not sufficient for accurate perception of scene-relative object motion during self-motion. Furthermore, flow parsing takes the 3D position of the moving object in the scene into account and is not a uniform global subtraction process. 8e observed tuning characteristics are different from those of local perceived motion interactions, providing evidence that flow parsing is a separate process from these local motion interactions. Finally, flow parsing does not depend on a prior percept of self-motion direction and instead directly uses the input retinal motion to construct percepts of scene-relative object motion during self-motion. DOI: 10.5353/th_b5177318 Subjects: Motion perception (Vision)
The Effects Of Gravity On Self Motion Perception
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Author : Pearl Shaina Guterman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
The Effects Of Gravity On Self Motion Perception written by Pearl Shaina Guterman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Gravity is the most pervasive force that we encounter. For instance, we observe a variety of objects being accelerated toward the Earth by gravity, but we also experience these forces when we are simply stationaryas gravity is a constant accelerationor when we are ourselves in motion, such as when we are locomoting on foot, driving a vehicle, jumping or skiing. It follows that our ability to successfully navigate our environment must somehow take into account the effects of gravity on our body's motion-detecting sensesa dynamic relationship which changes with self-motion and self-orientation. The goal of this dissertation was to investigate how body orientation relative to gravity influences visual-vestibular interactions in visually-induced perception of self-motion (i.e., vection). Specifically, I examined this relationship by placing observers in varied postures and presenting visual displays simulating forward/backward self-motion with vertical/horizontal viewpoint oscillation, that mimics components produced by head-movements in real self-motion. I found that tilting observers reduced vection and the two viewpoint oscillations similarly enhanced vection, suggesting that current postural and oscillation-based vection findings are best explained by ecology. I also examined the influence of scene structure and alignment of the body and visual motion relative to gravity on vection. Observers in different postures viewed simulated translational self-motion displays consisting of either a single rigid structure or dots. The experimental data showed that vection depended on both posture and the perceived interpretation of the visual scene, indicating that self-motion perception is modulated by high-order cognitive processes. I also found that observers reported illusory tilt of the stimulus when they were not upright. I investigated these observer reports of a posture-dependent perceived stimulus tilt by presenting upright and tilted observers with static and motion stimuli that were tilted from the graviational vertical. Postural-dependent tilt effects were found for both these stimuli and were greater for motion experienced as self-motion than external motion. Taken together, the results of this dissertation demonstrate that our perception of self-motion is influenced by gravity, and by prior experiences and internal mental representations of our visual world.
Physiological Correlates Of Visually Induced Self Motion Perception
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Author : Kai Volker Thilo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
Physiological Correlates Of Visually Induced Self Motion Perception written by Kai Volker Thilo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with categories.
Analysis Of The Visual Information For Self Motion Perception
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Author : Sheryl Maxine Ehrlich
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Analysis Of The Visual Information For Self Motion Perception written by Sheryl Maxine Ehrlich and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Movement, Psychology of categories.
Visual Perception Of Self Motion
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
Visual Perception Of Self Motion written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with categories.
With the advent of sensory engineering, it may be possible to circumvent the problems of spatial-disorientation, increase efficiency, and/or improve performance in self motion tasks by the modification of visual information. As a first step to this end, the visual information necessary for optimal motion perception was explored. In one set of experiments, the effect of eye movements on the ability to perceive small speed or direction differences was investigated.
Self Motion Perception In The Visually Impaired
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Author : Ivan Moser
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Self Motion Perception In The Visually Impaired written by Ivan Moser and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
A Comparison Of The Latencies Of Visually Induced Postural Change And Self Motion Perception
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
A Comparison Of The Latencies Of Visually Induced Postural Change And Self Motion Perception written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with categories.
Sensory Experience Adaptation And Perception
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Author : Lothar Spillman
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2013-05-13
Sensory Experience Adaptation And Perception written by Lothar Spillman and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-13 with Psychology categories.
Published in 1983, Sensory, Experience, Adaptation, and Perception is a valuable contribution to the field of Cognitive Psychology.