The Effects Of Local Labor Demand On Individual Labor Market Outcomes For Different Demographic Groups And The Poor
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The Effects Of Local Labor Demand On Individual Labor Market Outcomes For Different Demographic Groups And The Poor
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Author : Timothy J.. Bartik
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
The Effects Of Local Labor Demand On Individual Labor Market Outcomes For Different Demographic Groups And The Poor written by Timothy J.. Bartik and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Labor demand categories.
Social Interactions In The Labor Market
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Author : Andrew Grodner
language : en
Publisher: Now Publishers Inc
Release Date : 2011
Social Interactions In The Labor Market written by Andrew Grodner and has been published by Now Publishers Inc this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Business & Economics categories.
Social Interactions in the Labor Market addresses the following questions: How do theoretical economic models and their associated econometric representations change when there are social interactions among households? How do policy implications change as the result of estimated households' social interactions? The authors present a unified theoretical and empirical representation of social interactions as they pertain to labor supply and demand and demonstrate the cases where current policy prescriptions are greatly altered by the presence of social interactions. Section 2 examines theoretically the effect of household interdependencies on how a researcher estimates and interprets labor supply and earnings equations. Having examined labor supply issues, Section 3 and give theoretical attention to labor demand. As a further demonstration how the presence of social interactions complicates thinking about economic policy the authors consider overall labor market outcomes and related economic policy further in Section 4 by examining theoretically the socially optimal wealth distribution. Section 5 measures local economic conditions by the county unemployment rate and neighborhood spillover effects by the racial makeup and poverty rate of the county. Lastly, Section 6 examines the econometric details of implementing an empirical model with possible social interactions in labor supply.
How Effects Of Local Labor Demand Shocks Vary With Local Labor Market Conditions
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Author : Timothy J. Bartik
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
How Effects Of Local Labor Demand Shocks Vary With Local Labor Market Conditions written by Timothy J. Bartik and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Job creation categories.
This paper estimates how effects of shocks to local labor demand on local labor market outcomes vary with initial local economic conditions. The data are on U.S. metro areas from 1979 to 2011. The paper finds that demand shocks to local job growth have greater effects in reducing local unemployment rates if the local economy is initially depressed than if the local economy is booming. Demand shocks have greater effects on local wage rates if the local unemployment rate is initially low, but lesser effects if local job growth is initially high. These different effects of local demand shocks imply that social benefits of adding jobs are two to three times greater per job in more depressed local labor markets, compared to more booming local labor markets.
Aggregate Effects In Local Labor Markets Of Supply And Demand Shocks
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Author : Timothy J. Bartik
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Aggregate Effects In Local Labor Markets Of Supply And Demand Shocks written by Timothy J. Bartik and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Labor market categories.
Based on state-level labour market data from the Outgoing Rotation Group of the Current Population Survey from 1979 to 1997, discusses the wage and displacement effects of supply and demand shocks.
Mismatch In Local Labor Markets
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Author : Timothy J. Bartik
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Mismatch In Local Labor Markets written by Timothy J. Bartik and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with Job creation categories.
This paper estimates the effects on local labor market outcomes (employment rates, real wages, real earnings) of local labor demand shocks to different types of occupations. Occupations are divided into three groups, “high, middle, and low,” with occupations differing in wages paid and education credentials required. Effects are considered on both workers with less than a four-year college degree and workers with a bachelor’s degree or higher. The strongest benefits for labor market outcomes come from demand shocks to “mid jobs.” Mid-job demand shocks particularly benefit less-educated workers. High-job demand shocks often hurt labor market outcomes for less-educated workers, in part because such shocks push up local prices. Low-job demand shocks sometimes improve labor market outcomes for less-educated workers, and sometimes damage labor market outcomes for more-educated workers. Estimated labor demand effects also vary in different types of local labor markets. For example, when baseline local labor market conditions are tight (high baseline employment rate), less-educated workers gain more in real earnings from low-demand shocks, and lose more in real earnings from high-demand shocks.
Local Labor Market Shocks And Family Outcomes
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Author : Jessamyn Schaller
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Local Labor Market Shocks And Family Outcomes written by Jessamyn Schaller and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
While the most often-cited impacts of negative shocks to local labor market shocks are those to individuals' earnings and employment status, the repercussions of economic recession extend beyond these direct labor market effects. My dissertation research explores the effects of local labor market shocks and job displacement on families. Together, the three chapters of my dissertation contribute a better understanding of the overall welfare impacts of business cycle fluctuations. Chapter 1 examines the effect of local labor markets on fertility. To identify exogenous variation in male and female labor demand, I create indices that exploit cross-sectional variation in industry composition, changes in gender-composition within industries, and growth in national industry employment. Consistent with economic theory, I find that improvements in men's labor market conditions are associated with increases in fertility while improvements in women's labor market conditions have the opposite effect. I separately find that increases in unemployment rates are associated with small significant decreases in birth rates. In Chapter 2, I study the effect of business cycles on marriage and divorce rates. I find that increased unemployment is associated with small but significant reductions in both marriages and divorces. The results are robust to replacing general unemployment rates with alternative measures of state economic health, hold for both blacks and whites, and are concentrated among working-aged individuals. Timing analysis suggests that the effect of a shock to the unemployment rate on marriage rates is permanent, while the effect on divorce rates is temporary. In Chapter 3, Ann Stevens and I study the relationship between parental job loss and children's academic achievement using data on job loss and grade retention from the Survey of Income and Program Participation. We find that a parental job loss increases the probability of children's grade retention by 0.8 percentage points, or around 15 percent. After conditioning on child fixed effects, there is no evidence of significantly increased grade retention prior to the job loss, suggesting a causal link between the parental employment shock and children's academic difficulties. These effects are concentrated among children whose parents have a high school education or less.
Handbook Of Labor Economics
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Author : Orley Ashenfelter
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 1999-11-18
Handbook Of Labor Economics written by Orley Ashenfelter and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-11-18 with Business & Economics categories.
A guide to the continually evolving field of labour economics.
Local Labor Markets And Natural Resources
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Author : Joseph Marchand
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Local Labor Markets And Natural Resources written by Joseph Marchand and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
A primary way that natural resources affect a locality is through the demand for labor, with greater extraction requiring more workers. Shifts in labor demand can be measured through changes in employment and earnings, the main labor market outcomes, or through changes in the population and income, more generally. These changes may spillover into the non-resource economy, leading to greater overall effects or possibly crowd out; be spread unequally across the population, thereby altering the distribution of income and the poverty rate; or influence educational attainment, as people choose between additional schooling and work. In this review, the literature linking natural resources to local labor markets is synthesized by organizing existing studies according to their resource measurement and the outcomes that they consider. This synthesis provides an accessible guide to a literature that has boomed in recent years. It also identifies promising avenues for future research and lays a foundation to further gen.
Local Labor Markets
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Author : Enrico Moretti
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Local Labor Markets written by Enrico Moretti and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Labor market categories.
Abstract: I examine the causes and the consequences of differences in labor market outcomes across local labor markets within a country. The focus is on a long-run general equilibrium setting, where workers and firms are free to move across localities and local prices adjust to maintain the spatial equilibrium. In particular, I develop a tractable general equilibrium framework of local labor markets with heterogenous labor. This framework is useful in thinking about differences in labor market outcomes of different skill groups across locations. It clarifies how, in spatial equilibrium, localized shocks to a part of the labor market propagate to the rest of the economy through changes in employment, wages and local prices and how this diffusion affects workers' welfare. Using this framework, I address three related questions. First, I analyze the welfare consequences of productivity differences across local labor markets. I seek to understand what happens to the wage, employment and utility of workers with different skill levels when a local economy experiences a shift in the productivity of a group of workers. Second, I analyze the causes of productivity differences across local labor markets. To a large extent, productivity differences within a country are unlikely to be exogenous. I review the theoretical and empirical literature on agglomeration economies, with a particular focus on studies that are relevant for labor economists. Finally, I discuss the implications for policy
The Urban Poor In Latin America
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Author : Marianne Fay
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2005
The Urban Poor In Latin America written by Marianne Fay and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Business & Economics categories.
About half of the region's poor live in cities, and policy makers across Latin America are increasingly interested in policy advice on how to design programmes and policies to tackle poverty. This publication argues that the causes of poverty, the nature of deprivation, and the policy levers to fight poverty are, to a large extent, site specific. It therefore focuses on strategies to assist the urban poor in making the most of the opportunities offered by cities, such as larger labour markets and better services, while helping them cope with the negative aspects, such as higher housing costs, pollution, risk of crime and less social capital.