The Foundations Of Geometry Works On Non Euclidean Geometry
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The Foundations Of Geometry And The Non Euclidean Plane
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Author : G.E. Martin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
The Foundations Of Geometry And The Non Euclidean Plane written by G.E. Martin and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Mathematics categories.
This book is a text for junior, senior, or first-year graduate courses traditionally titled Foundations of Geometry and/or Non Euclidean Geometry. The first 29 chapters are for a semester or year course on the foundations of geometry. The remaining chap ters may then be used for either a regular course or independent study courses. Another possibility, which is also especially suited for in-service teachers of high school geometry, is to survey the the fundamentals of absolute geometry (Chapters 1 -20) very quickly and begin earnest study with the theory of parallels and isometries (Chapters 21 -30). The text is self-contained, except that the elementary calculus is assumed for some parts of the material on advanced hyperbolic geometry (Chapters 31 -34). There are over 650 exercises, 30 of which are 10-part true-or-false questions. A rigorous ruler-and-protractor axiomatic development of the Euclidean and hyperbolic planes, including the classification of the isometries of these planes, is balanced by the discussion about this development. Models, such as Taxicab Geometry, are used exten sively to illustrate theory. Historical aspects and alternatives to the selected axioms are prominent. The classical axiom systems of Euclid and Hilbert are discussed, as are axiom systems for three and four-dimensional absolute geometry and Pieri's system based on rigid motions. The text is divided into three parts. The Introduction (Chapters 1 -4) is to be read as quickly as possible and then used for ref erence if necessary.
The Foundations Of Geometry Works On Non Euclidean Geometry
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Author : Nikolai I. Lobachevsky
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019-10-02
The Foundations Of Geometry Works On Non Euclidean Geometry written by Nikolai I. Lobachevsky and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-02 with Mathematics categories.
Neither general relativity (which revealed that gravity is merely manifestation of the non-Euclidean geometry of spacetime) nor modern cosmology would have been possible without the almost simultaneous and independent discovery of non-Euclidean geometry in the 19th century by three great mathematicians - Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky, János Bolyai and Carl Friedrich Gauss (whose ideas were later further developed by Georg Friedrich Bernhard Riemann).This volume contains three works by Lobachevsky on the foundations of geometry and non-Euclidean geometry: "Geometry", "Geometrical investigations on the theory of parallel lines" and "Pangeometry". It will be of interest not only to experts and students in mathematics, physics, history and philosophy of science, but also to anyone who is not intimidated by the magnitude of one of the greatest discoveries of our civilization and would attempt to follow (and learn from) Lobachevsky's line of thought, helpfully illustrated by over 130 figures, that led him to the discovery.
The Foundations Of Geometry
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Author : David Hilbert
language : en
Publisher: Read Books Ltd
Release Date : 2015-05-06
The Foundations Of Geometry written by David Hilbert and has been published by Read Books Ltd this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-06 with History categories.
This early work by David Hilbert was originally published in the early 20th century and we are now republishing it with a brand new introductory biography. David Hilbert was born on the 23rd January 1862, in a Province of Prussia. Hilbert is recognised as one of the most influential and universal mathematicians of the 19th and early 20th centuries. He discovered and developed a broad range of fundamental ideas in many areas, including invariant theory and the axiomatization of geometry. He also formulated the theory of Hilbert spaces, one of the foundations of functional analysis.
Euclidean And Non Euclidean Geometry International Student Edition
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Author : Patrick J. Ryan
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2009-09-04
Euclidean And Non Euclidean Geometry International Student Edition written by Patrick J. Ryan and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-09-04 with Mathematics categories.
This book gives a rigorous treatment of the fundamentals of plane geometry: Euclidean, spherical, elliptical and hyperbolic.
A History Of Non Euclidean Geometry
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Author : Boris A. Rosenfeld
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-09-08
A History Of Non Euclidean Geometry written by Boris A. Rosenfeld and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-08 with Mathematics categories.
The Russian edition of this book appeared in 1976 on the hundred-and-fiftieth anniversary of the historic day of February 23, 1826, when LobaeevskiI delivered his famous lecture on his discovery of non-Euclidean geometry. The importance of the discovery of non-Euclidean geometry goes far beyond the limits of geometry itself. It is safe to say that it was a turning point in the history of all mathematics. The scientific revolution of the seventeenth century marked the transition from "mathematics of constant magnitudes" to "mathematics of variable magnitudes. " During the seventies of the last century there occurred another scientific revolution. By that time mathematicians had become familiar with the ideas of non-Euclidean geometry and the algebraic ideas of group and field (all of which appeared at about the same time), and the (later) ideas of set theory. This gave rise to many geometries in addition to the Euclidean geometry previously regarded as the only conceivable possibility,to the arithmetics and algebras of many groups and fields in addition to the arith metic and algebra of real and complex numbers, and, finally, to new mathe matical systems, i. e. , sets furnished with various structures having no classical analogues. Thus in the 1870's there began a new mathematical era usually called, until the middle of the twentieth century, the era of modern mathe matics.
Euclidean And Non Euclidean Geometries
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Author : Maria Helena Noronha
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Euclidean And Non Euclidean Geometries written by Maria Helena Noronha and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Mathematics categories.
This book develops a self-contained treatment of classical Euclidean geometry through both axiomatic and analytic methods. Concise and well organized, it prompts readers to prove a theorem yet provides them with a framework for doing so. Chapter topics cover neutral geometry, Euclidean plane geometry, geometric transformations, Euclidean 3-space, Euclidean n-space; perimeter, area and volume; spherical geometry; hyperbolic geometry; models for plane geometries; and the hyperbolic metric.
Foundations Of Hyperbolic Manifolds
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Author : John Ratcliffe
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09
Foundations Of Hyperbolic Manifolds written by John Ratcliffe and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Mathematics categories.
This book is an exposition of the theoretical foundations of hyperbolic manifolds. It is intended to be used both as a textbook and as a reference. Particular emphasis has been placed on readability and completeness of ar gument. The treatment of the material is for the most part elementary and self-contained. The reader is assumed to have a basic knowledge of algebra and topology at the first-year graduate level of an American university. The book is divided into three parts. The first part, consisting of Chap ters 1-7, is concerned with hyperbolic geometry and basic properties of discrete groups of isometries of hyperbolic space. The main results are the existence theorem for discrete reflection groups, the Bieberbach theorems, and Selberg's lemma. The second part, consisting of Chapters 8-12, is de voted to the theory of hyperbolic manifolds. The main results are Mostow's rigidity theorem and the determination of the structure of geometrically finite hyperbolic manifolds. The third part, consisting of Chapter 13, in tegrates the first two parts in a development of the theory of hyperbolic orbifolds. The main results are the construction of the universal orbifold covering space and Poincare's fundamental polyhedron theorem.
Euclidean And Non Euclidean Geometries
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Author : Marvin J. Greenberg
language : en
Publisher: Macmillan
Release Date : 1993-07-15
Euclidean And Non Euclidean Geometries written by Marvin J. Greenberg and has been published by Macmillan this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993-07-15 with Mathematics categories.
This classic text provides overview of both classic and hyperbolic geometries, placing the work of key mathematicians/ philosophers in historical context. Coverage includes geometric transformations, models of the hyperbolic planes, and pseudospheres.
Encyclopaedia Of Mathematics
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Author : Michiel Hazewinkel
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-12-01
Encyclopaedia Of Mathematics written by Michiel Hazewinkel and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-01 with Mathematics categories.
This ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF MATHEMATICS aims to be a reference work for all parts of mathe matics. It is a translation with updates and editorial comments of the Soviet Mathematical Encyclopaedia published by 'Soviet Encyclopaedia Publishing House' in five volumes in 1977-1985. The annotated translation consists of ten volumes including a special index volume. There are three kinds of articles in this ENCYCLOPAEDIA. First of all there are survey-type articles dealing with the various main directions in mathematics (where a rather fine subdivi sion has been used). The main requirement for these articles has been that they should give a reasonably complete up-to-date account of the current state of affairs in these areas and that they should be maximally accessible. On the whole, these articles should be understandable to mathematics students in their first specialization years, to graduates from other mathematical areas and, depending on the specific subject, to specialists in other domains of science, en gineers and teachers of mathematics. These articles treat their material at a fairly general level and aim to give an idea of the kind of problems, techniques and concepts involved in the area in question. They also contain background and motivation rather than precise statements of precise theorems with detailed definitions and technical details on how to carry out proofs and constructions. The second kind of article, of medium length, contains more detailed concrete problems, results and techniques.
Bibliography Of Non Euclidean Geometry
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Author : Duncan M. Y. Sommerville
language : en
Publisher: Forgotten Books
Release Date : 2017-11-21
Bibliography Of Non Euclidean Geometry written by Duncan M. Y. Sommerville and has been published by Forgotten Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-21 with Mathematics categories.
Excerpt from Bibliography of Non-Euclidean Geometry: Including the Theory of Parallels, the Foundations of Geometry, and Space of N Dimensions The classification is indicated in square brackets after the title. The names of journals are abbreviated according to the system adopted for the International Catalogue. Figures in heavy type are volume-numbers or years, the figures in brackets which sometimes precede these are the numbers of the series, the figures after the volume-numbers are the page-numbers. There are numerous references from one title to another which is closely connected with it. When the name of an author is in small capitals, simply followed by the date, as chasles, 1856, this indicates a reference to the Chronological Catalogue under the year and author mentioned. The sign indicates a reference to the Appendix, where some additional information is given which has been received too late for insertion without over-running of the pages. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.