The Foundations Of Scientific Inference
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The Foundations Of Scientific Inference
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Author : Wesley C. Salmon
language : en
Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Press
Release Date : 2017-07-14
The Foundations Of Scientific Inference written by Wesley C. Salmon and has been published by University of Pittsburgh Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-14 with Science categories.
After its publication in 1967, The Foundations of Scientific Inference taught a generation of students and researchers about the problem of induction, the interpretation of probability, and confirmation theory. Fifty years later, Wesley C. Salmon’s book remains one of the clearest introductions to these fundamental problems in the philosophy of science. With The Foundations of Scientific Inference, Salmon presented a coherent vision of the nature of scientific reasoning, explored the philosophical underpinnings of scientific investigation, and introduced readers to key movements in epistemology and to leading philosophers of the twentieth century—such as Karl Popper, Rudolf Carnap, and Hans Reichenbach—offering a critical assessment and developing his own distinctive views on topics that are still of central importance today. This anniversary edition of Salmon’s foundational work in the philosophy of science features a detailed introduction by Christopher Hitchcock, which examines the book’s origins, influences, and major themes, its impact and enduring effects, the disputes it raised, and its place in current studies, revisiting Salmon’s ideas for a new audience of philosophers, historians, scientists, and students.
The Foundations Of Scientific Inference
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Author : Wesley Salmon
language : en
Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Pre
Release Date : 1967-09
The Foundations Of Scientific Inference written by Wesley Salmon and has been published by University of Pittsburgh Pre this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1967-09 with Philosophy categories.
Not since Ernest Nagel’s 1939 monograph on the theory of probability has there been a comprehensive elementary survey of the philosophical problems of probablity and induction. This is an authoritative and up-to-date treatment of the subject, and yet it is relatively brief and nontechnical. Hume’s skeptical arguments regarding the justification of induction are taken as a point of departure, and a variety of traditional and contemporary ways of dealing with this problem are considered. The author then sets forth his own criteria of adequacy for interpretations of probability. Utilizing these criteria he analyzes contemporary theories of probability, as well as the older classical and subjective interpretations.
The Foundations Of Scientific Inference
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Author : Wesley C. Salmon
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1966
The Foundations Of Scientific Inference written by Wesley C. Salmon and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1966 with Science categories.
Foundations Of Inference In Natural Science
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Author : J O Wisdom
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-04-15
Foundations Of Inference In Natural Science written by J O Wisdom and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-15 with Philosophy categories.
Originally published in 1952. This book is a critical survey of the views of scientific inference that have been developed since the end of World War I. It contains some detailed exposition of ideas – notably of Keynes – that were cryptically put forward, often quoted, but nowhere explained. Part I discusses and illustrates the method of hypothesis. Part II concerns induction. Part III considers aspects of the theory of probability that seem to bear on the problem of induction and Part IV outlines the shape of this problem and its solution take if transformed by the present approach.
Scientific Inference
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Author : Harold Jeffreys
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1937
Scientific Inference written by Harold Jeffreys and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1937 with Science categories.
Scientific Explanation And The Causal Structure Of The World
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Author : Wesley C. Salmon
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2020-11-10
Scientific Explanation And The Causal Structure Of The World written by Wesley C. Salmon and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-10 with Science categories.
The philosophical theory of scientific explanation proposed here involves a radically new treatment of causality that accords with the pervasively statistical character of contemporary science. Wesley C. Salmon describes three fundamental conceptions of scientific explanation--the epistemic, modal, and ontic. He argues that the prevailing view (a version of the epistemic conception) is untenable and that the modal conception is scientifically out-dated. Significantly revising aspects of his earlier work, he defends a causal/mechanical theory that is a version of the ontic conception. Professor Salmon's theory furnishes a robust argument for scientific realism akin to the argument that convinced twentieth-century physical scientists of the existence of atoms and molecules. To do justice to such notions as irreducibly statistical laws and statistical explanation, he offers a novel account of physical randomness. The transition from the "reviewed view" of scientific explanation (that explanations are arguments) to the causal/mechanical model requires fundamental rethinking of basic explanatory concepts.
Statistical Explanation And Statistical Relevance
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Author : Wesley C. Salmon
language : en
Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Pre
Release Date : 1971-09-15
Statistical Explanation And Statistical Relevance written by Wesley C. Salmon and has been published by University of Pittsburgh Pre this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1971-09-15 with Philosophy categories.
According to modern physics, many objectively improbable events actually occur, such as the spontaneous disintegration of radioactive atoms. Because of high levels of improbability, scientists are often at a loss to explain such phenomena. In this main essay of this book, Wesley Salmon offers a solution to scientific explanation based on the concept of statistical relevance (the S-R model). In this vein, the other two essays herein discuss “Statistical Relevance vs. Statistical Inference,” and “Explanation and Information.”
Statistics In Science
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Author : R. Cooke
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Statistics In Science written by R. Cooke and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Mathematics categories.
An inference may be defined as a passage of thought according to some method. In the theory of knowledge it is customary to distinguish deductive and non-deductive inferences. Deductive inferences are truth preserving, that is, the truth of the premises is preserved in the con clusion. As a result, the conclusion of a deductive inference is already 'contained' in the premises, although we may not know this fact until the inference is performed. Standard examples of deductive inferences are taken from logic and mathematics. Non-deductive inferences need not preserve truth, that is, 'thought may pass' from true premises to false conclusions. Such inferences can be expansive, or, ampliative in the sense that the performances of such inferences actually increases our putative knowledge. Standard non-deductive inferences do not really exist, but one may think of elementary inductive inferences in which conclusions regarding the future are drawn from knowledge of the past. Since the body of scientific knowledge is increasing, it is obvious that the method of science must allow non-deductive as well as deductive inferences. Indeed, the explosive growth of science in recent times points to a prominent role for the former. Philosophers of science have long tried to isolate and study the non-deductive inferences in science. The inevitability of such inferences one the one hand, juxtaposed with the poverty of all efforts to identify them, constitutes one of the major cognitive embarrassments of our time.
Four Decades Of Scientific Explanation
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Author : Wesley C. Salmon
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Four Decades Of Scientific Explanation written by Wesley C. Salmon and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Science categories.
As Aristotle stated, scientific explanation is based on deductive argument--yet, Wesley C. Salmon points out, not all deductive arguments are qualified explanations. The validity of the explanation must itself be examined. "Four Decades of Scientific Explanation" provides a comprehensive account of the developments in scientific explanation that transpired in the last four decades of the twentieth century. It continues to stand as the most comprehensive treatment of the writings on the subject during these years. Building on the historic 1948 essay by Carl G. Hempel and Paul Oppenheim, "Studies in the Logic of Explanation," which introduced the deductive-nomological (D-N) model on which most work on scientific explanation was based for the following four decades, Salmon goes beyond this model's inherent basis of describing empirical knowledge to tells us "not only "what, " but also "why."" Salmon examines the predominant models in chronological order and describes their development, refinement, and criticism or rejection. "Four Decades of Scientific Explanation" underscores the need for a consensus of approach and ongoing evaluations of methodology in scientific explanation, with the goal of providing a better understanding of natural phenomena.
The Logic Of Scientific Inference
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Author : Jennifer Trusted
language : en
Publisher: MacMillan Publishing Company
Release Date : 1979
The Logic Of Scientific Inference written by Jennifer Trusted and has been published by MacMillan Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979 with Philosophy categories.