The Human Brain Circulation
DOWNLOAD
Download The Human Brain Circulation PDF/ePub or read online books in Mobi eBooks. Click Download or Read Online button to get The Human Brain Circulation book now. This website allows unlimited access to, at the time of writing, more than 1.5 million titles, including hundreds of thousands of titles in various foreign languages. If the content not found or just blank you must refresh this page
The Human Brain Circulation
DOWNLOAD
Author : Rosemary D. Bevan
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
The Human Brain Circulation written by Rosemary D. Bevan and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
Much of our knowledge of the cerebral circulation has been derived from studies of species other than human. There is increas ing recognition of species differences and concern that studies in animals may be misleading if unquestioningly applied to the human. A dramatic example of this occurred in the early his tory of the study of the circulation of the brain. Galen of Pergamo (131-201 AD) described a rete mirabile or "marvelous network" of blood vessels at the base of the human skull that he must have derived from observations of certain animals. This vascular structure was supplied by the carotid arteries which, after penetrating the cranium,"are divided into a large number of very small and thin branches in the region between the cranium and the dura matter. Then . . . intersecting one another they give the impression of having forgotten their way in the brain. But this is not the case. In fact, these numerous arteries rejoin and unite like the roots of a tree trunk. . . . " The authority of Galen's writings dominated scientific thought for about 1500 years. His description of a rete was unques tioned by Leonardo de Vinci, who included it in his anatomical sketches. William Harvey's remarkable observations led to his definitive account of the circulation of blood.
Angelo Mosso S Circulation Of Blood In The Human Brain
DOWNLOAD
Author : Marcus E. Raichle
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2014-09-17
Angelo Mosso S Circulation Of Blood In The Human Brain written by Marcus E. Raichle and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-17 with Medical categories.
Modern brain imaging is revolutionizing the study of brain function in health and disease. However, few realize that its origins began in the nineteenth century with Dr. Angelo Mosso's pioneering experiments. A foremost Italian physiologist and scientist, Angelo Mosso studied several patients brought to him with head injuries that exposed their live brains to direct, long-term observation. He took advantage of these rare opportunities to document, for the first time, changes in cerebral blood flow in response to different stimuli, behaviors, and emotions, the very same changes that are now the basis for the measurements underlying modern functional brain imaging. Mosso was widely recognized by his contemporaries for his highly original studies, published both in Italian in 1878 and in German in 1881. Yet there has never been a translation through which this groundbreaking work could be appreciated by the English-speaking world. Indeed, Angelo Mosso's sophisticated experiments were to neuroscience what surgeon William Beaumont's in vivo observations were to gastric physiology fifty years earlier. This unique monograph establishes Mosso's rightful role as the pioneer of brain imaging. Through it, the modern reader, whether expert neuroscientist or interested student, can gain a new perspective on the author's remarkable insights: how behaviors as subtle as thinking about a subject or feeling an emotion produce the changes in pulsations of the brain that he observed and recorded for posterity. Special features of this volume include first a brief summary of Mosso's life. Two pioneers of modern brain imaging, Marcus E. Raichle (winner of the Kavli Prize for Neuroscience) and Gordon M. Shepherd (Yale University Professor of Neurobiology) then review Mosso's work and provide extensive commentary to explain its relevance to modern brain science. The authors not only emphasize Mosso's pioneering role in brain imaging, but also his fundamental contribution to the rise of cognitive neuroscience. The English translation (by historian of medicine Christiane Nockels Fabbri) follows, together with all of the plates and illustrations of the original volume. The result is a classic of neuroscience, now available for wide appreciation by neuroscientists, neurologists, psychologists, psychiatrists, historians of science and medicine, and the general public.
The Human Brain Circulation
DOWNLOAD
Author : Rosemary D. Bevan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
The Human Brain Circulation written by Rosemary D. Bevan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Brain categories.
Angelo Mosso S Circulation Of Blood In The Human Brain
DOWNLOAD
Author : A. Mosso
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Angelo Mosso S Circulation Of Blood In The Human Brain written by A. Mosso and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
The pioneer in studies of changes in brain flow that underlie modern brain imaging was Angelo Mosso. This volume provides an English translation of his historic 1881 volume, together with a rich commentary by two leaders of modern brain imaging, Marcus Raichle and Gordon M. Shepherd. The text offers unique insights into the origins of brain imaging and also the rise of modern cognitive neuroscience.
Arterial Behavior And Blood Circulation In The Brain
DOWNLOAD
Author : Georgiĭ Iosifovich Mchedlishvili
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1986
Arterial Behavior And Blood Circulation In The Brain written by Georgiĭ Iosifovich Mchedlishvili and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with Medical categories.
Cerebral Blood Flow And Metabolism Measurement
DOWNLOAD
Author : A. Hartmann
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Cerebral Blood Flow And Metabolism Measurement written by A. Hartmann and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
At the present time several techniques are available for studying quantitatively global and regional blood flow and metabolism of the human brain. How ever, many scientists working in the clinical and research field who would like to use these tools for their investigations may be less familiar with the indi cations and limitations of the individual methods. The rapid development of both modern imaging techniques and new tracers may have led to some con fusion in answering the question as to which method is appropriate to solve the diagnostic problem of an individuum with brain disease. Scepticism and ignorance as to the methods to be used as tools in differential diagnosis of brain disorders may have prevented their widespread introduction into clinical practice. Thus, the significance of circulatory and metabolic parameters involved in the majority of diseases of the central nervous system may have been overlooked. The contributions compiled in this book describe in detail the individual techniques, outline their indications and limitations and deal in particular with newer methods such as the atraumatic 133Xe technique, stable xenon tomogra phy, three-dimensional techniques such as 133Xe single photon emission tomog raphy and N-isopropyl-P23-iodoamphetamine. Positron emission tomography studies provide information on function and metabolism, particularly that of oxygen and glucose, in regional brain areas of interest. Nuclear magnetic reso nance may be a promising method for studying metabolic parameters; however, accurate circulation measurements can not be performed at present.
Cerebral Blood Flow Regulation
DOWNLOAD
Author : Nodar Prokof'evich Mitagvariia
language : en
Publisher: Nova Biomedical Books
Release Date : 2009
Cerebral Blood Flow Regulation written by Nodar Prokof'evich Mitagvariia and has been published by Nova Biomedical Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Brain categories.
Studies of the mechanisms relating blood supply to the brain appeared to be, in some sense, at a deadlock. Despite extensive application of different methodical approaches, no qualitative progress has been observed in these studies at the present time. This is perhaps due to the traditional, but not understandable, separation of neurophysiological and "circulatory" studies. It may seem very paradoxical, but the study of cerebral blood circulation proceeds almost in complete isolation from the knowledge about brain functions and does not take into account the specificity of the working brain as a part of the whole body. This book comprehensively addresses the issues of blood flow regulation. It is well known that the brain belongs to the group of organs having a high level of oxygen consumption. Oxygen consumption by the brain is an average 4.6 ml per 100 g of tissue per minute. In humans, the level of oxygen consumption by the whole brain attains 46 ml/min. This makes up approximately 20% of the total oxygen volume consumed by the organism. Consequently, the cerebral tissue is characterised by highly energetic processes. There is evidence indicating that even in functionally resting conditions, 18% of the entire energy expenditure of the body is utilised by the brain Calculations made by Rushmer indicate that the intensity of energy consumption by the human brain appears to be on average 20 Watt.
The Cerebral Circulation
DOWNLOAD
Author : Marilyn J. Cipolla
language : en
Publisher: Biota Publishing
Release Date : 2016-07-28
The Cerebral Circulation written by Marilyn J. Cipolla and has been published by Biota Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-28 with Medical categories.
This e-book will review special features of the cerebral circulation and how they contribute to the physiology of the brain. It describes structural and functional properties of the cerebral circulation that are unique to the brain, an organ with high metabolic demands and the need for tight water and ion homeostasis. Autoregulation is pronounced in the brain, with myogenic, metabolic and neurogenic mechanisms contributing to maintain relatively constant blood flow during both increases and decreases in pressure. In addition, unlike peripheral organs where the majority of vascular resistance resides in small arteries and arterioles, large extracranial and intracranial arteries contribute significantly to vascular resistance in the brain. The prominent role of large arteries in cerebrovascular resistance helps maintain blood flow and protect downstream vessels during changes in perfusion pressure. The cerebral endothelium is also unique in that its barrier properties are in some way more like epithelium than endothelium in the periphery. The cerebral endothelium, known as the blood-brain barrier, has specialized tight junctions that do not allow ions to pass freely and has very low hydraulic conductivity and transcellular transport. This special configuration modifies Starling's forces in the brain microcirculation such that ions retained in the vascular lumen oppose water movement due to hydrostatic pressure. Tight water regulation is necessary in the brain because it has limited capacity for expansion within the skull. Increased intracranial pressure due to vasogenic edema can cause severe neurologic complications and death.
Human Brainstem Vessels
DOWNLOAD
Author : Henri M. Duvernoy
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-22
Human Brainstem Vessels written by Henri M. Duvernoy and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-22 with Medical categories.
I am greatly pleased and honoured to have been invited by Professor HENRI DUVERNOY to contribute a foreword to this book, especially since I became aware of the magnitude of his researches upon the cerebral vessels only a few years ago. These researches have, in fact, been pursued for almost two decades, beginning with a study of the hypophyseal vessels in 1958. More recently he has published a monograph entitled "The Superficial Veins of the Human Brain", and those who know this book will have noted the succinct clarity of the descriptive text and the superb quality ofthe photographs with which this chef-d'oeuvre is illustrated. This outstanding contribution to intimate detail of the superficial vascularization of the brainstem is now complemented by a second volume on internal angio-architec ture. As before, the emphasis is upon direct photographic evidence, and again the photographs are of a quality which must be almost unsurpassable. Those who are familiar with the technique of vascular injection of the brain and of the diffi culties of micro-anatomical identification, will applaud the excellence of Professor DUVERNOY' s preparations. Even the smallest named nuclei and fasciculi of nerve fibres are displayed most effectively. From study of these details, in conjunction with other descriptions of brain stern vessels (to which Professor DUVERNOY has hirnself contributed much), the vascular supply and drainage of all the recognised entities in the brain stern can be deduced.
Cerebral Blood Flow And Metabolism A Quantitative Approach
DOWNLOAD
Author : Payne Stephen John
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2017-10-06
Cerebral Blood Flow And Metabolism A Quantitative Approach written by Payne Stephen John and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-06 with Medical categories.
This book describes the way in which the human brain is supplied with blood and how the brain uses this to provide nutrients, primarily oxygen and glucose, to brain cells in order to maintain healthy brain function. In particular, it focuses on the quantitative nature of blood flow and metabolism. The book covers models of blood flow and metabolism and how these can be measured using a variety of imaging and non-imaging techniques. It also examines how cerebral blood flow is controlled in response to a wide variety of challenges and how it changes with normal physiological variation and in response to a large number of pathological conditions, including stroke and dementia. As the first substantial book for over ten years in a fast-changing field, it highlights how the subject has progressed in the last couple of decades. It tackles the subject in a quantitative way, underlining its importance in both technical and clinical fields. Audiences with a technical or clinical background, especially researchers and postgraduate students in biomedical engineering or medicine, will find this a valuable read. Contents: Physiology of Blood Flow and MetabolismModels of Blood Flow and MetabolismGlobal Control of Blood FlowLocal Control of PerfusionExternally-based MeasurementsInternally-based MeasurementsGlobal Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow and MetabolismLocal Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow and MetabolismConclusions Readership: Researchers and postgraduate students in biomedical engineering and medicine. Keywords: Brain;Haemodynamics;Vascular;Neurovascular;Autoregulation;Brain imagingReview: Key Features: Focus on quantitative measurements and models, and their application in clinical practiceCoverage aimed at both technical and clinical audienceUp-to-date coverage of a very broad field, with no recent equivalent text