The Impact Of A Special High Yielding Rice Program In Burma
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The Impact Of A Special High Yielding Rice Program In Burma
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Author : U. Khin Win
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1981
The Impact Of A Special High Yielding Rice Program In Burma written by U. Khin Win and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with Agricultural innovations categories.
A Century Of Rice Improvement In Burma
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Author : Khin Win U
language : en
Publisher: Int. Rice Res. Inst.
Release Date : 1991
A Century Of Rice Improvement In Burma written by Khin Win U and has been published by Int. Rice Res. Inst. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Hybrid rice categories.
Introduction; Rice production under the British Government; Rice production under the Independent Burmese Government; Rice production under the Socialist Repulic Government; Implications for the future; Conclusions.
Introduction Of High Yielding Rice Varieties
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Author : Tin Maung Shwe
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
Introduction Of High Yielding Rice Varieties written by Tin Maung Shwe and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with categories.
Adoption Spread And Production Impact Of Modern Rice Varieties In Asia
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Author : Robert W. Herdt
language : en
Publisher: Int. Rice Res. Inst.
Release Date : 1983
Adoption Spread And Production Impact Of Modern Rice Varieties In Asia written by Robert W. Herdt and has been published by Int. Rice Res. Inst. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with Agricultural innovations categories.
Myanmar Dilemmas And Options
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Author : Mya Than
language : en
Publisher: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies
Release Date : 1990
Myanmar Dilemmas And Options written by Mya Than and has been published by Institute of Southeast Asian Studies this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Business & Economics categories.
The political upheavals in the Union of Myanmar in 1988/89 precipitated many changes in the political, social, and economic sectors. The country is now at a critical crossroad in its history and development. This study on Myanmar's options in terms of restructuring its economy is therefore useful and timely. The papers in this volume attempt to identify the major issues concerning the role of the state and economic management, the new directions in resource, agricultural and industrial development and the challenges arising from the opening up of the economy to the stimuli of external trade and capital movements.
Publications Of The International Agricultural Research And Development Centers
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: IRRI
Release Date : 1989
Publications Of The International Agricultural Research And Development Centers written by and has been published by IRRI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Agriculture categories.
Rice Productivity And Profitability In Myanmar Assessment Of The 2023 Monsoon
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Author : Myanmar Agriculture Policy Support Activity
language : en
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Release Date : 2024-05-20
Rice Productivity And Profitability In Myanmar Assessment Of The 2023 Monsoon written by Myanmar Agriculture Policy Support Activity and has been published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-05-20 with Political Science categories.
We have analyzed rice productivity and profitability data for the 2023 monsoon season from the Myanmar Agriculture Performance Survey (MAPS), conducted at the beginning of 2024. This survey encompassed plots managed by 2,840 rice producers, distributed across all states/regions of the country. Our findings reveal: 1. National rice productivity exhibited an average increase of 7 percent during the 2023 monsoon compared to the previous year, reversing the decline witnessed in the 2022 monsoon. This year's heightened productivity primarily stems from increased input usage (particularly fertilizer), greater labor inputs (with more farmers adopting transplanting), and reduced occurrences of natural shocks, notably droughts. 2. The Ayeyarwady region, the country's principal rice-producing area, experienced an 11 percent increase in rice productivity. Conversely, rice yields remained low in Kayah and Chin, two states affected by severe conflict. The highest yields, along with notable increases over the past three years, are observed in Nay Pyi Taw. 3. Significant changes in input costs for rice cultivation were observed between the two seasons: 3.1 Prices of urea, the most important chemical fertilizer used by rice farmers, decreased by 16 percent. 3.2 Mechanization costs surged by a notable 42 percent, which is concerning, especially in light of escalating rural labor scarcity. Particularly pronounced increases in mechanization costs were noted in coastal areas where fuel prices were high, or fuel was not available at all. 4. Substantial changes in technology adoption and input utilization compared to the previous monsoon were noted: 4.1 Fertilizer use on rice increased by 20 percent. 4.2 Use of self-preserved seed – instead of obtaining it from the market - increased by 6 percentage points compared to last monsoon, and 17 percentage points compared to 2020. 4.3 Transplanting increased by 5 percentage points while broadcasting declined by 7 percentage points. 4.4 The use of combine harvesters on rice was 1 percentage point lower compared to last year but was 12 percentage points lower than in 2020. 5. Thirty percent of paddy farmers reported being impacted by climatic or other production shocks during this monsoon, with floods (reported by seven percent of farmers) and droughts (reported by five percent) having significant adverse effects on yields. When affected, paddy yields decreased by 32 and 51 percent, respectively. Incidences of pests, diseases, and weeds have the highest frequency overall (13 percent). 6. Substantial changes in input usage and technology adoption were observed in paddy cultivation within coastal areas (Rakhine and Tanintharyi), seemingly linked to insecurity, mobility constraints, and fuel accessibility issues: 6.1 Fertilizer use declined by one-third. 6.2 The utilization of combine harvesters plummeted by 26 percentage points. 7. Paddy prices at the farm level surged by 64 percent, reflecting changes in international rice prices as well as the depreciation of the MMK. 8. Real – in terms of the cost of an average food basket – profits from rice farming during the monsoon of 2023 increased by 43 percent compared to the previous year. While nominal profits doubled since the previous monsoon, high price inflation tempered the increase in real profits. 9. The paddy sector has proven resilient in 2023, with improved pricing incentivizing farmers to intensify production through increased usage of chemical fertilizers and labor inputs. The outlook for paddy production in 2024 appears promising yet uncertain due to the following factors: 1. Weather conditions: Adverse weather, as witnessed during the 2023 monsoon, can significantly impact yields. Most models predict the El Niño conditions - with drier-than-average rainfall conditions - to continue weakening. 2. Evolution of insecurity: Insecurity correlates with reduced access to inputs and, when accessible, higher costs, thereby lowering profitability for farmers. 3. Labor scarcity: Labor availability is expected to become increasingly constrained in the next monsoon due to significant out-migration linked to the Military Service Law. 4. Fuel availability: A quarter of Myanmar's farmers reported limited access to fuel during the post/pre-monsoon season of 2024, complicating irrigation, and agricultural mechanization, which is typically relied upon by most rice farmers. These findings underscore three primary implications for Myanmar's rice sector: 1. Ensuring adequate access to mechanization for rice farmers: Despite benefiting from increased mechanization over the past decade, there is a concerning trend of dis-adoption in combine harvester usage, attributed to mobility issues and fuel accessibility problems. This is particularly worrisome given the anticipated rise in rural labor scarcity. 2. Emphasizing access to climate-resilient seeds: While farmers are increasingly relying on self-preserved paddy seeds, there is a pressing need for the adoption of improved, high yielding, and stress-resistant varieties. As evidenced by our results, farmers affected by floods and droughts experience significantly lower yields than unaffected farmers. Given an expected increase of weather shocks, higher adoption of adapted seeds is required. 3. Addressing the impact of high rice prices on food security: While beneficial for farmers, elevated paddy prices contribute to high rice prices in the country, posing a significant concern, especially for the most vulnerable segments of the population.2 The most effective means of mitigating the adverse effects of high rice prices on poor consumers is through expanded safety net programs, providing additional liquidity directly to them.
An Adventure In Applied Science
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Author : Robert Flint Chandler
language : en
Publisher: Int. Rice Res. Inst.
Release Date : 1992
An Adventure In Applied Science written by Robert Flint Chandler and has been published by Int. Rice Res. Inst. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Agricultural innovations categories.
An Inward Looking Economy In Transition
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Author : Hal Hill
language : en
Publisher: Institute of Southeast Asian
Release Date : 1986
An Inward Looking Economy In Transition written by Hal Hill and has been published by Institute of Southeast Asian this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with Business & Economics categories.
This account and analysis of economic development in Burma since 1962 sheds light on the economics of socialism in a very poor inward-looking economy especially after the mid-1970s. The study examines the evolution of development planning, recent macroeconomic developments, and the composition, pattern and direction of foreign trade, including the balance of payments and external debt. It also analyses the principal economic sectors, especially agriculture and industry, and gives a brief assessment of social developments and future prospects.
Rice Productivity In Myanmar Assessment Of The 2023 Dry Season
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Release Date : 2023-09-28
Rice Productivity In Myanmar Assessment Of The 2023 Dry Season written by and has been published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-09-28 with Political Science categories.
Key Findings We analyze paddy rice productivity and profitability data for the dry seasons of 2022 and 2023, based on the Myanmar Agriculture Performance Survey (MAPS) fielded in the period of June 26th to July 25th, 2023. The survey covered plots of 659 rice paddy producers. It is found that: • Prices of inputs used in paddy production – fertilizer, labor, mechanization – increased between these two growing seasons by between 13 and 21 percent, on average. On the other hand, paddy prices at the farm increased by 68 percent. • Real profits, with nominal prices corrected by the change in the cost of an average food basket, from paddy rice farming during the dry season of 2023 increased by 41 percent compared to the dry season of 2022. While nominal profits for paddy rice farmers increased by 70 percent over the last two seasons, price inflation has been high in the country and real profit increased therefore much less. • Rice farmers increased input expenditures on paddy production by 50 percent compared to last year. However, larger farmers invested more and doubled input expenditures, likely attracted by the increased profits in paddy farming. • Rice productivity at the national level during the dry season of 2023 on farmers’ largest rice plot was slightly larger (+1.2 percent) than in the previous dry season. Substantial declines are noted in the coastal areas (-29 percent) and the Dry Zone (-5 percent), possibly linked to impacts of cyclone Mocha. • Thirteen percent of all crop farmers reported to have been affected by the cyclone Mocha and 3 percent of the crop farmers indicated that they lost their whole dry season harvest. Almost half of the affected farmers reported that the next monsoon season would not proceed as normal, likely affecting the production of rice – and other crops – in those areas during the next monsoon season. Recommended Actions • As paddy prices have gone up significantly, rice prices have gone up substantially as well, making the costs of Myanmar’s staple food unaffordable for some consumers, especially for the most vulnerable ones. Expansion of safety nets, targeted or self-targeted to the poorest, would therefore be beneficial. • The cyclone Mocha has destroyed harvests of farmers in Rakhine and part of the Dry Zone. As effects of the devastation of the cyclone will continue to be felt during the monsoon of 2023, further assistance for farmers in these areas to recover from these effects is called for. STRATEGY SUPPORT PROGRAM RESEARCH NOTE 99 SEPTEMBER 2023