The Iranian Hostage Rescue Attempt A Case Study
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The Iranian Hostage Rescue Attempt A Case Study
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Author : Major Peter D. Buck USMC
language : en
Publisher: Pickle Partners Publishing
Release Date : 2015-11-06
The Iranian Hostage Rescue Attempt A Case Study written by Major Peter D. Buck USMC and has been published by Pickle Partners Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-11-06 with History categories.
Operation Eagle Claw was tactically feasible, operationally vacant, and strategically risky. This paper examines the failed hostage rescue mission conducted by the U.S. in Iran during April of 1980. The following text will recreate the rescue mission in its historical context while identifying factors across the three levels of war which contributed to its outcome. The three levels of war referred to in this discussion are the tactical, operational and strategic levels. This study concludes that (1) The fall of the Shah unearthed a gap in U.S. military influence in the Middle East which could not rapidly be overcome; (2) the hostage rescue mission, although tied directly to the strategic objective of returning the 53 American hostages, provided little influence in terms of salvaging U.S. honor and interests in the Middle East. In reality, it is probable that mission failure protracted eventual diplomatic resolution of the crisis; (3) the hostage rescue mission, a limited objective and high risk raid, should only have been executed in the event that hostages lives were directly threatened; and (4) since 1961, sixty-six separate hostage, kidnapping, or hijacking incidents have occurred involving U.S. diplomats, servicemen, and private citizens. The frequency of these actions equate to 1.6 per year over the past 41 years. This data demonstrates the relevancy of the subject and the frequency of its occurrence.
An Analysis Of Organizational Decision Making
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Author : Andrea D. Begel
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997-12-01
An Analysis Of Organizational Decision Making written by Andrea D. Begel and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-12-01 with Decision making categories.
Every day organizations make decisions, triggering a chain of events, initiating certain activities, resulting in certain outcomes. Some organizations must manage incidents involving extreme levels of risk, under high levels of stress. Government agencies, law enforcement agencies, and military organizations are often presented with such scenarios. When outcomes are favorable, credit is given to the leadership, who presumably made the right decisions, and to those who carried out the decisions, presumably for their great skill in executing what needed to be done. When outcomes are not favorable, days, months, even years are spent analyzing what went wrong, and why. Often, failure is said to result from 'bad luck' or failure to execute one portion of a plan, which inevitably led to overall failure. By analyzing failed operations in high stress, high risk environments, one can argue that blaming the failure of large scale operations on one step in a chain of events is to neglect real underlying symptoms of poor organizational decision making, poor strategic planning, and poor contingency planning.
Anatomy Of A Rescue
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Author : Carlos M. Perez
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004-09
Anatomy Of A Rescue written by Carlos M. Perez and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-09 with categories.
This thesis presents a theory to help military leaders determine the best time to conduct a hostage rescue attempt. The theory is based on the phenomenon of a hostage crisis "biorhythm." According to the theory, there are four principles essential for hostage rescue mission success: surprise, intelligence, operator's skill, and deception. These principles are derived from planning models used in special operations, personal experience, and an analysis of six historical case studies. The case studies show that if any one of these four principles was overlooked, the operation was doomed. The principles have been determined to be the most critical factors that change as a hostage crisis develops. The focus of this thesis is an in-depth case study of the hostage rescue operation Chavin de Huantar in Lima, Peru. This case study presents compelling evidence to reinforce the author's hypothesis, and serves as a model for successful rescue operations. Another focus of this thesis is the use of game theory analysis during a hostage crisis. The findings of the thesis will help decision makers plan and organize hostage rescue forces to act at the appropriate time, maximizing their chances of success. In addition, it will provide a useful planning model that can be implemented effectively and accurately, presenting a clear picture of possible outcomes throughout a hostage crisis. It is hoped that this thesis will help the reader become a better strategist during the planning, preparation, and execution of a hostage rescue operation. The other case studies that are analyzed according to the biorhythm theory are Operation Eagle Claw, launched to rescue the Iran hostages in Tehran in April 1980; the De Punt train hijacking in Holland in May-June 1977; the Munich Olympics Massacre in West Germany in Sep 1972; Egypt Air Flight 648 at Malta in Nov 1978; and Operation Fire Magic, Lufthansa Flight 181, Mogadishu, Somalia in Oct 1977. (45 figures, 141 refs.)
Us Foreign Policy And The Iran Hostage Crisis
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Author : David Patrick Houghton
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2001-05-21
Us Foreign Policy And The Iran Hostage Crisis written by David Patrick Houghton and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-05-21 with History categories.
Why did a handful of Iranian students seize the American embassy in Tehran in November 1979? Why did most members of the US government initially believe that the incident would be over quickly? Why did the Carter administration then decide to launch a rescue mission, and why did it fail so spectacularly? US Foreign Policy and the Iran Hostage Crisis examines these puzzles and others, using an analogical reasoning approach to decision-making, a theoretical perspective which highlights the role played by historical analogies in the genesis of foreign policy decisions. Using interviews with key decision-makers on both sides, Houghton provides an analysis of one of the United States' greatest foreign policy disasters, the events of which continue to poison relations between the two states. The book will be of interest to students and scholars of foreign policy analysis and international relations.
Rescue Mission Report
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Author : United States. Joint Chiefs of Staff. Special Operations Review Group
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1980
Rescue Mission Report written by United States. Joint Chiefs of Staff. Special Operations Review Group and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with Communications, Military categories.
Special Operations Case Studies
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Author : Lt Gen Prakash Katoch
language : en
Publisher: Lancer Publishers LLC
Release Date : 2019-10-21
Special Operations Case Studies written by Lt Gen Prakash Katoch and has been published by Lancer Publishers LLC this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-21 with Political Science categories.
This book in four sections covers the ‘Operational Milieu and Special Operations’, ‘Successful Special Operations’, ‘Failed Special Operations’, and ‘Implications for India’. It covers regular, irregular and mixed operations under the rubric of hybrid warfare of select foreign militaries, and Indian experience in sub-conventional operations. A myriad of successful and failed special operations covering a span of over seven decades from 1943 onwards have been analyzed in detail, drawing lessons from each. The last Section, ‘Implications for India’, covers lessons, challenges and recommendations in three chapters. These highlight India’s adverse strategic asymmetry vis-a-vis China-Pakistan, inability of India to put in place SOF structures to optimize the considerable SF potential for employment at the strategic, operational and tactical levels, and ending up with policy recommendations.
Broken Stiletto Command And Control Of The Joint Task Force During Operation Eagle Claw At Desert One
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Author : Major William C. Flynt III
language : en
Publisher: Pickle Partners Publishing
Release Date : 2015-11-06
Broken Stiletto Command And Control Of The Joint Task Force During Operation Eagle Claw At Desert One written by Major William C. Flynt III and has been published by Pickle Partners Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-11-06 with History categories.
This monograph examines Operation Eagle Claw, the attempt to rescue the American hostages held in Iran, for planning considerations pertinent to similar operations. It focusses specifically on the principle of war Unity of Command as a command and control imperative for a Joint Task Force composed of multiple services, organizations, and agencies. To great extent Operation Eagle Claw’s history may parallel the characteristics of contingencies facing today’s Armed Forces. An unexpected crisis erupts, intense media coverage thrusts it before domestic and international audiences, a Joint Task Force is formed of all U.S. services, and a military operation is launched to protect and further American interests abroad. Because of the potential similarity between Operation Eagle Claw and future crisis situations, the operation’s command and control aspects are relevant for today’s planners to study. Operation Eagle Claw failed. The failure can be directly attributed to a failure of leadership in ensuring Unity of Command. Although a dangerous and difficult mission, the operation’s undoing was not the impossible nature of the task assigned to the force, nor an unfortunate measure of “bad luck.” The failure of Operation Eagle Claw was preventable given strong leadership and a cohesive rescue force. These qualities were lacking, and the absence of Unity of Command was ultimately the causal reason for the operation’s many difficulties.
Conflict Resolution
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Author : Thomas L. Saaty
language : en
Publisher: RWS Publications
Release Date :
Conflict Resolution written by Thomas L. Saaty and has been published by RWS Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Business & Economics categories.
This book demonstrates a new way to analyze and negotiate conflict resolution. It provides a framework in which conflicting parties can participate partly, fully, or not at all. Unlike the traditional quantitative approach, this new approach deals with tangible and intangible factors including political skill, diplomacy, threats, and concessions. Intangible factors are measured and traded off against tangible ones. A thorough discussion of the Analytic Hierarchy Process is followed by its application to a series of current world conflicts including Northern Ireland, South Africa, and the Middle East. Retributive conflicts are then given special attention. Cases include the Canadian/U.S. free-trade negotiations.
The Guts To Try
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Author : James H. Kyle
language : en
Publisher: Primer Publishers
Release Date : 1994-09
The Guts To Try written by James H. Kyle and has been published by Primer Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-09 with History categories.
Hostage
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Author : John Charles Griffiths
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Hostage written by John Charles Griffiths and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with History categories.
This book uses individual cases and discussions with both hostages, terrorists and negotiators to provide a rounded view of current issues.