The Meaning Of Teleology
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The Meaning Of Teleology
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Author : Bernard Bosanquet
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1906
The Meaning Of Teleology written by Bernard Bosanquet and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1906 with Evolution categories.
Aristotle On Teleology
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Author : Monte Ransome Johnson
language : en
Publisher: Clarendon Press
Release Date : 2005-11-03
Aristotle On Teleology written by Monte Ransome Johnson and has been published by Clarendon Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-11-03 with Philosophy categories.
Monte Johnson examines one of the most controversial aspects of Aristiotle's natural philosophy: his teleology. Is teleology about causation or explanation? Does it exclude or obviate mechanism, determinism, or materialism? Is it focused on the good of individual organisms, or is god or man the ultimate end of all processes and entities? Is teleology restricted to living things, or does it apply to the cosmos as a whole? Does it identify objectively existent causes in the world, or is it merely a heuristic for our understanding of other causal processes? Johnson argues that Aristotle's aporetic approach drives a middle course between these traditional oppositions, and avoids the dilemma, frequently urged against teleology, between backwards causation and anthropomorphism. Although these issues have been debated with extraordinary depth by Aristotle scholars, and touched upon by many in the wider philosophical and scientific community as well, there has been no comprehensive historical treatment of the issue. Aristotle is commonly considered the inventor of teleology, although the precise term originated in the eighteenth century. But if teleology means the use of ends and goals in natural science, then Aristotle was rather a critical innovator of teleological explanation. Teleological notions were widespread among his predecessors, but Aristotle rejected their conception of extrinsic causes such as mind or god as the primary causes for natural things. Aristotle's radical alternative was to assert nature itself as an internal principle of change and an end, and his teleological explanations focus on the intrinsic ends of natural substances - those ends that benefit the natural thing itself. Aristotle's use of ends was subsequently conflated with incompatible 'teleological' notions, including proofs for the existence of a providential or designer god, vitalism and animism, opposition to mechanism and non-teleological causation, and anthropocentrism. Johnson addresses these misconceptions through an elaboration of Aristotle's methodological statements, as well as an examination of the explanations actually offered in the scientific works.
Ontology Epistemology And Teleology For Modeling And Simulation
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Author : Andreas Tolk
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-08-10
Ontology Epistemology And Teleology For Modeling And Simulation written by Andreas Tolk and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-08-10 with Technology & Engineering categories.
In this book, internationally recognized experts in philosophy of science, computer science, and modeling and simulation are contributing to the discussion on how ontology, epistemology, and teleology will contribute to enable the next generation of intelligent modeling and simulation applications. It is well understood that a simulation can provide the technical means to display the behavior of a system over time, including following observed trends to predict future possible states, but how reliable and trustworthy are such predictions? The questions about what we can know (ontology), how we gain new knowledge (epistemology), and what we do with this knowledge (teleology) are therefore illuminated from these very different perspectives, as each experts uses a different facet to look at these challenges. The result of bringing these perspectives into one book is a challenging compendium that gives room for a spectrum of challenges: from general philosophy questions, such as can we use modeling and simulation and other computational means at all to discover new knowledge, down to computational methods to improve semantic interoperability between systems or methods addressing how to apply the recent insights of service oriented approaches to support distributed artificial intelligence. As such, this book has been compiled as an entry point to new domains for students, scholars, and practitioners and to raise the curiosity in them to learn more to fully address the topics of ontology, epistemology, and teleology from philosophical, computational, and conceptual viewpoints.
Nature And Normativity
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Author : Mark Okrent
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-10-24
Nature And Normativity written by Mark Okrent and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-24 with Philosophy categories.
Nature and Normativity argues that the problem of the place of norms in nature has been essentially misunderstood when it has been articulated in terms of the relation of human language and thought, on the one hand, and the world described by physics on the other. Rather, if we concentrate on the facts that speaking and thinking are activities of organic agents, then the problem of the place of the normative in nature becomes refocused on three related questions. First, is there a sense in which biological processes and the behavior of organisms can be legitimately subject to normative evaluation? Second, is there some sense in which, in addition to having ordinary causal explanations, organic phenomena can also legitimately be seen to happen because they should happen in that way, in some naturalistically comprehensible sense of ‘should’, or that organic phenomena happen in order to achieve some result, because that result should occur? And third, is it possible to naturalistically understand how human thought and language can be legitimately seen as the normatively evaluable behavior of a particular species of organism, behavior that occurs in order to satisfy some class of norms? This book develops, articulates, and defends positive answers to each of these questions.
Evolutionary Emergence Of Purposive Goals And Values
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Author : Donald A. Crosby
language : en
Publisher: State University of New York Press
Release Date : 2023-08-01
Evolutionary Emergence Of Purposive Goals And Values written by Donald A. Crosby and has been published by State University of New York Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-08-01 with Philosophy categories.
Where do the purposes, values, and existential meanings of the world come from? For many, they are conferred on the world and on humans within the world by a supernatural, transcendent, personal divine creator and sustainer. For others, they result from a God or divine presence residing within nature. For still others, they give evidence of mind and spirit as primordial principles suffusing nature from the outset and in all of its forms. In Evolutionary Emergence of Purposive Goals and Values, Donald A. Crosby takes issue with each of these views. His thesis is that mind, meaning, purpose, and value come into existence with the evolutionary emergence of life, and that evolution itself gives evidence of the creative power of two primordial natural principles: matter-energy and time. There is no overarching purpose, value, or meaning of nature as such, but there is a plethora of such factors evident in the evolved life forms of nature here on earth. This fact is especially evident in the day-to-day experiences, aspirations, and concerns of us evolutionarily-evolved human beings. Purpose, meaning, and value are therefore gifts of evolutionary nature, not of any supernatural or non-natural principle, presence, or power.
Teleology And Modernity
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Author : William Gibson
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-07-31
Teleology And Modernity written by William Gibson and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-07-31 with History categories.
The main and original contribution of this volume is to offer a discussion of teleology through the prism of religion, philosophy and history. The goal is to incorporate teleology within discussions across these three disciplines rather than restrict it to one as is customarily the case. The chapters cover a wide range of topics, from individual teleologies to collective ones; ideas put forward by the French aristocrat Arthur de Gobineau and the Scottish philosopher David Hume, by the Anglican theologian and founder of Methodism, John Wesley, and the English naturalist Charles Darwin.
Gale Researcher Guide For Aristotle On Teleology
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Author : John Dudley
language : en
Publisher: Gale, Cengage Learning
Release Date : 2018-08-30
Gale Researcher Guide For Aristotle On Teleology written by John Dudley and has been published by Gale, Cengage Learning this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-30 with Philosophy categories.
Gale Researcher Guide for: Aristotle on Teleology is selected from Gale's academic platform Gale Researcher. These study guides provide peer-reviewed articles that allow students early success in finding scholarly materials and to gain the confidence and vocabulary needed to pursue deeper research.
God And Design
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Author : Neil A. Manson
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2003-09-02
God And Design written by Neil A. Manson and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-09-02 with Religion categories.
Recent discoveries in physics, cosmology, and biochemistry have captured the public imagination and made the Design Argument - the theory that God created the world according to a specific plan - the object of renewed scientific and philosophical interest. This accessible but serious introduction to the design problem brings together new perspectives from prominent scientists and philosophers including Paul Davies, Richard Swinburne, Sir Martin Rees, Michael Behe, Elliot Sober and Peter van Inwagen. It probes the relationship between modern science and religious belief, considering their points of conflict and their many points of similarity. Is the real God of creationism the 'master clockmaker' who sets the world's mechanism on a perfectly enduring course, or a miraculous presence who continually intervenes in and alters the world we know? Are science and faith, or evolution and creation, really in conflict at all? Expanding the parameters of a lively and urgent debate, God and Design considers how perennial questions of origin continue to fascinate and disturb us.
Theorem Or Teleology Of Spiritualism 1909
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Author : May Barnard Wiltse
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009-04-01
Theorem Or Teleology Of Spiritualism 1909 written by May Barnard Wiltse and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-04-01 with Literary Collections categories.
This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the original. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions that are true to the original work.
The Teleological Ethics Of Fakhr Al D N Al R Z
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Author : Ayman Shihadeh
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2021-08-04
The Teleological Ethics Of Fakhr Al D N Al R Z written by Ayman Shihadeh and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-08-04 with Philosophy categories.
Using hitherto unstudied sources, this monograph provides a comprehensive interdisciplinary study of the ethical theory of al-Rāzī, one of the most complex and influential medieval philosophers and theologians. It reveals remarkable and previously unidentified aspects of ethical thought in Islam.