The Nuclear Force
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Nuclear Forces
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Author : David Maurice Brink
language : en
Publisher: Pergamon
Release Date : 1965
Nuclear Forces written by David Maurice Brink and has been published by Pergamon this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1965 with Science categories.
The Nuclear Force
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Author : Shelton W. Riggs, Jr.
language : en
Publisher: CreateSpace
Release Date : 2014-08-06
The Nuclear Force written by Shelton W. Riggs, Jr. and has been published by CreateSpace this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-08-06 with Science categories.
This study was undertaken to investigate the theoretical nature of the strong nuclear force. Both protons and neutrons are composed of three quarks each of which carry a red, green or blue color charge. Thus, there is a strong nuclear force between the three quarks which exist inside nucleons (protons or neutrons).
Planning U S General Purpose Forces
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Author : United States. Congressional Budget Office
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1977
Planning U S General Purpose Forces written by United States. Congressional Budget Office and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1977 with Nuclear warfare categories.
U S Strategic Nuclear Forces
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Author : Amy F. Woolf
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019-09-14
U S Strategic Nuclear Forces written by Amy F. Woolf and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-14 with categories.
Even though the United States has reduced the number of warheads deployed on its long-range missiles and bombers, consistent with the terms of the 2010 New START Treaty, it also plans to develop new delivery systems for deployment over the next 10-30 years. The 116th Congress will continue to review these programs, and the funding requested for them, during the annual authorization and appropriations process. During the Cold War, the U.S. nuclear arsenal contained many types of delivery vehicles for nuclear weapons. The longer-range systems, which included long-range missiles based on U.S. territory, long-range missiles based on submarines, and heavy bombers that could threaten Soviet targets from their bases in the United States, are known as strategic nuclear delivery vehicles. At the end of the Cold War, in 1991, the United States deployed more than 10,000 warheads on these delivery vehicles. With the implementation of New START completed in February 2018, the United States is limited to 1,550 accountable warheads on these delivery vehicles, a restriction that will remain in place at least through 2021, while New START Treaty remains in force. At the present time, the U.S. land-based ballistic missile force (ICBMs) consists of 400 landbased Minuteman III ICBMs, each deployed with one warhead, spread among a total of 450 operational launchers. This force is consistent with the New START Treaty. The Air Force is also modernizing the Minuteman missiles, replacing and upgrading their rocket motors, guidance systems, and other components, so that they can remain in the force through 2030. It plans to replace the missiles with a new Ground-based Strategic Deterrent around 2029. The U.S. ballistic missile submarine fleet currently consists of 14 Trident submarines. Each has been modified to carry 20 Trident II (D-5) missiles-a reduction from 24 missiles per submarine-to meet the launcher limits in the New START Treaty. The Navy converted 4 of the original 18 Trident submarines to carry non-nuclear cruise missiles. Nine of the submarines are deployed in the Pacific Ocean and five are in the Atlantic. The Navy also has undertaken efforts to extend the life of the missiles and warheads so that they and the submarines can remain in the fleet past 2020. It is designing a new Columbia class submarine that will replace the existing fleet beginning in 2031. The U.S. fleet of heavy bombers includes 20 B-2 bombers and 40 nuclear-capable B-52 bombers. The B-1 bomber is no longer equipped for nuclear missions. This fleet of 60 nuclear-capable aircraft is consistent with the U.S. obligations under New START. The Air Force has also begun to retire the nuclear-armed cruise missiles carried by B-52 bombers, leaving only about half the B-52 fleet equipped to carry nuclear weapons. The Air Force plans to procure both a new longrange bomber, known as the B-21, and a new long-range standoff (LRSO) cruise missile during the 2020s. DOE is also modifying and extending the life of the B61 bomb carried on B-2 bombers and fighter aircraft and the W80 warhead for cruise missiles. The Obama Administration completed a review of the size and structure of the U.S. nuclear force, and a review of U.S. nuclear employment policy, in June 2013. This review advised the force structure that the United States will deploy under the New START Treaty. The Trump Administration completed its review of U.S. nuclear forces in February 2018, and reaffirmed the basic contours of the current U.S. force structure and the ongoing modernization programs. The Trump Administration has also called for the development of a new low-yield warhead for deployment on Trident II (D-5) missiles. Congress will review the Administration's plans for U.S. strategic nuclear forces during the annual authorization and appropriations process, and as it assesses the costs of these plans in the current fiscal environment.
Nuclear Science And Safety In Europe
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Author : Tomas Cechák
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-04-07
Nuclear Science And Safety In Europe written by Tomas Cechák and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-04-07 with Science categories.
Recent results on the nature of low-, intermediate- and high-energy nuclear forces as well as on the internal structure of nucleons and atomic nuclei are presented. Prospects to find a new state of the nuclear matter at extreme conditions that existed in the early Universe and the utilisation of the nuclear energy are discussed.
New Formula For Nuclear Force
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Author : K MD Kamal Uddin K
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2016-11-27
New Formula For Nuclear Force written by K MD Kamal Uddin K and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-11-27 with categories.
It is well established that the forces between nucleons are transmitted by mesons. According to the meson theory, the quantitative explanation of the nuclear forces was extremely tentative and incomplete. But this theory presents a valuable point of view. It is fairly certain now that the nucleons within nuclear matter are in a state made rather different from their free condition by the proximity of other nucleons .Charge independence of nuclear forces demand the existence of neutral meson as amongst the same type of nucleons (P-P) or (N-N). This force demands the same spin and the same orbital angular momentum. The exchange interaction is produced by only a neutral meson. The involving mesons without electric charge that it gives exchange forces between protons and Neutrons. Also therefore maintains charge independence character. It is evident for the nature of the products that neutral mesons decay by both strong and weak interactions. It means that neutral mesons' constituents are responsible for the electromagnetic interaction. Dramatically neutral mesons play an important role for both electromagnetic and nuclear forces.
Nuclear Forces
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Author : Gernot Eder
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1968
Nuclear Forces written by Gernot Eder and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1968 with Nuclear forces (Physics). categories.
Nuclear Forces
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Author : Leon Rosenfeld
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1948
Nuclear Forces written by Leon Rosenfeld and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1948 with Science categories.
U S Strategic Nuclear Forces
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Author : Amy F. Woolf
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2017-02-20
U S Strategic Nuclear Forces written by Amy F. Woolf and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-20 with categories.
Even though the United States is in the process of reducing the number of warheads deployed on its long-range missiles and bombers, consistent with the terms of the New START Treaty, it also plans to develop new delivery systems for deployment over the next 20-30 years. The 115th Congress will continue to review these programs, and the funding requested for them, during the annual authorization and appropriations process. During the Cold War, the U.S. nuclear arsenal contained many types of delivery vehicles for nuclear weapons. The longer-range systems, which included long-range missiles based on U.S. territory, long-range missiles based on submarines, and heavy bombers that could threaten Soviet targets from their bases in the United States, are known as strategic nuclear delivery vehicles. At the end of the Cold War, in 1991, the United States deployed more than 10,000 warheads on these delivery vehicles. That number has declined to less than 1,500 deployed warheads today, and is slated to be 1,550 deployed warheads in 2018, after the New START Treaty completes implementation. At the present time, the U.S. land-based ballistic missile force (ICBMs) consists of 414 land- based Minuteman III ICBMs, each deployed with one warhead. The fleet will decline to 400 deployed missiles, while retaining 450 launchers, to meet the terms of the New START Treaty. The Air Force is also modernizing the Minuteman missiles, replacing and upgrading their rocket motors, guidance systems, and other components, so that they can remain in the force through 2030. It plans to replace the missiles with a new Ground-based Strategic Deterrent around 2030. The U.S. ballistic missile submarine fleet currently consists of 14 Trident submarines; each can carry up to 24 Trident II (D-5) missiles, although they will carry only 20 under the New START Treaty. The Navy converted 4 of the original 18 Trident submarines to carry non-nuclear cruise missiles. The remaining carry around 1,000 warheads in total; that number will decline as the United States implements the New START Treaty. Nine of the submarines are deployed in the Pacific Ocean and five are in the Atlantic. The Navy also has undertaken efforts to extend the life of the missiles and warheads so that they and the submarines can remain in the fleet past 2020. It is designing a new Columbia class submarine that will replace the existing fleet beginning in 2031. The U.S. fleet of heavy bombers includes 20 B-2 bombers and 54 nuclear-capable B-52 bombers. The B-1 bomber is no longer equipped for nuclear missions. The fleet will decline to around 60 aircraft in coming years, as the United States implements New START. The Air Force has also begun to retire the nuclear-armed cruise missiles carried by B-52 bombers, leaving only about half the B-52 fleet equipped to carry nuclear weapons. The Air Force plans to procure both a new long-range bomber and a new cruise missile during the 2020s. DOE is also modifying and extending the life of the B61 bomb carried on B-2 bombers and fighter aircraft and the W80 warhead for cruise missiles. The Obama Administration completed a review of the size and structure of the U.S. nuclear force, and a review of U.S. nuclear employment policy, in June 2013. This review has advised the force structure that the United States will deploy under the New START Treaty. It is currently implementing the New START Treaty, with the reductions due to be completed by 2018. The Trump Administration has indicated that it will conduct a new review of the U.S. nuclear force posture. Congress will review the Administration's plans for U.S. strategic nuclear forces during the annual authorization and appropriations process, and as it assesses U.S. plans under New START and the costs of these plans in the current fiscal environment. This report will be updated as needed.
Nuclear Forces For Medium Powers
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Author : Geoffrey Kemp
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1974
Nuclear Forces For Medium Powers written by Geoffrey Kemp and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1974 with Europe categories.