The Plasticity Of Sex
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The Plasticity Of Sex
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Author : Marianne J. Legato
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2020-05-19
The Plasticity Of Sex written by Marianne J. Legato and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-19 with Medical categories.
The Plasticity of Sex: The Molecular Biology and Clinical Features of Genomic Sex, Gender Identity and Sexual Behavior provides a comprehensive view on the development of human sexuality. As there has been a crescendo of interest over the past several decades about the nature and diversity of human sexuality, this reference brings the evidence-based research into one place. The emergence of issues surrounding gender identity, genital ambivalence and the transition from one sex to another is striking, with the public and treating physicians alike clamoring for an evidence-based, comprehensive treatment of human sexuality and all its variations. This is a must-have reference for biomedical researchers in endocrinology, neuroscience, development biology, medical students, residents, and practicing physicians from all medical areas. Winner of the 2021 PROSE Award in Biomedicine from the Association of American Publishers! Discusses the role of biology in gender identity from research in genetics, endocrinology and neuroscience Addresses important health disparities and how to address them when treating the transgender patient Reviews evidence-based information on the biological basis and impact of environmental and hormonal factors at different life stages Outlines schema for treating variations in the sexuality and sexual function of the individual patient
The Politics Of Plasticity
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Author : Annelies Kleinherenbrink
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
The Politics Of Plasticity written by Annelies Kleinherenbrink and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
'This study builds on feminist scholarship that has critiqued this claim, and that has argued for a reconsideration of the relationship between sex/gender and the brain through the lens of neuroplasticity. In this dissertation, author argues that plasticity can indeed be used to develop a critical, material-semiotic account of how sex/gender comes to matter in the brain. However, noting the neoliberal, post-feminist tendencies of popular plasticity discourses, which compel individuals to engage in intensive self-surveillance and self-management through narratives of empowerment and choice, author also asks what kinds of norms, values and subjectivities a plasticity-based approach might unintentionally foster. By mapping the ontological, epistemological, and ethical considerations that this question provokes, The Politics of Plasticity examines the stakes that are involved in (re)thinking the sexed/gendered subject as a neuroplastic subject.'
Sexual Plasticity In A Marine Goby Lythrypnus Dalli
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Author : Edmund William Rodgers
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Sexual Plasticity In A Marine Goby Lythrypnus Dalli written by Edmund William Rodgers and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Gobiidae categories.
Sex determination occurs early in development for most animals, at which time sex is fixed for life. Many teleost fishes, however, exhibit remarkable sexual plasticity throughout their life history, ranging from multiple morphs within a sex to functional adult sex reversal. To understand the development and evolution of adult sex reversal, I examined behavioral, endocrine, and genetic contributions to the regulation of functional sex in adult animals, using the bluebanded goby (Lythrypnus dalli) as an experimental model. This species was found to be equally capable of sexual transitions from female to male (protogyny) as from male to female (protandry). Throughout adult life, sexual phenotype is determined by social status, an emergent property of agonistic behavioral interactions that follows a relatively simple social convention: if dominant become or remain male, or if subordinate, become or remain female. The translation of social status into a change in sexual phenotype in the protogynous direction requires a rapid drop in circulating estrogens and an increase in the gonadal expression of a testis differentiating gene dmrt1. Steroid hormones do not play a significant role in modulating status, but the androgen 11-ketotestosterone does positively correlate with the expression of paternal behavior. Taken together, these findings suggest an evolutionary mechanism in sexually plastic species that has linked the conserved molecular cascades of sexual differentiation to a novel signal that varies over life history, social status, thereby allowing for lifelong phenotypic plasticity.
Sexual Plasticity And Gametogenesis In Fishes
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Author : Balasubramanian Senthilkumaran
language : en
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
Release Date : 2013
Sexual Plasticity And Gametogenesis In Fishes written by Balasubramanian Senthilkumaran and has been published by Nova Science Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Adaptation (Physiology) categories.
Sex determination, differentiation and gamete maturation are well organised molecular events in vertebrates. In vertebrates, sex determination and differentiation are two important events in the development of gonads (testis or ovary). Sex determination is the genetic (sex chromosomes) or environmental process by which the sex (male or female) of an individual is established. During embryonic development, primordial germ cells migrate from the site of origin to the gonadal primordia where they differentiate along with somatic cells and finally form the indifferent/bipotential gonads. Depending on the action of various factors the bipotential gonads give rise to either testis or ovaries. In most vertebrates, excluding fishes and some amphibians, the event of sex determination is controlled genetically and later the progression of gonadal development is controlled by hormones and other factors. Interestingly, these processes in fishes are controlled not only genetically but also through hormones or environmental factors. These characteristics make fish the champions of sex reversal and serve as excellent animal models to precisely understand sexual development. The next interesting aspect is meiotic maturation which is essentially mediated by gonadotropins and progesterone metabolites to trigger final gamete maturation in fishes which is different from mammals. The novel aspects pertaining to gamete maturation has been studied in great detail in fish which depicts precise regulatory events of gamete maturation.
Sex And Sexuality
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Author : Richard D. McAnulty
language : en
Publisher: Greenwood
Release Date : 2006
Sex And Sexuality written by Richard D. McAnulty and has been published by Greenwood this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Psychology categories.
This three-volume overview and summary of research data on a wide variety of sexual topics attempts to review what is known about human sexuality and how we know it.
Sex And The Developing Brain
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Author : Margaret McCarthy
language : en
Publisher: Biota Publishing
Release Date : 2010-11-01
Sex And The Developing Brain written by Margaret McCarthy and has been published by Biota Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-11-01 with Medical categories.
The brains of males and females, men and women, are different—that is a fact. What is debated is how different and how important those differences are. Sex differences in the brain are determined by genetics, hormones, and experience, which in humans includes culture, society, and parental and peer expectations. The importance of nonbiological variables to sex differences in humans is paramount, making it difficult if not impossible to parse out those contributions that are truly biological. The study of animals provides us the opportunity to understand the magnitude and scope of biologically based sex differences in the brain and understanding the cellular mechanisms provides us insight into novel sources of brain plasticity. Many sex differences are established during a developmental sensitive window by differences in the hormonal milieu of males versus females. The neonatal testis produces large amounts of testosterone, which gains access to the brain and is further metabolized into active androgens and estrogens, which modify brain development. Major parameters that are influenced by hormones include neurogenesis, cell death, neurochemical phenotype, axonal and dendritic growth, and synaptogenesis. Variance in these parameters results in sex differences in the size of particular brain regions, the projections between brain regions, and the number and type of synapses within particular brain regions. The cellular mechanisms are both region and endpoint specific and invoke many surprising systems such as prostaglandins, endocannabinoids, and cell death proteins. By understanding when, why, and how sex differences in the brain are established, we may also learn the source of strong gender biases in the relative risk and severity of numerous neurological diseases and disorders of mental health, including but not limited to autism, dyslexia, attention deficit disorder, schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s, and major depressive disorder.
Evolution Of Mating Behaviour And Sex Allocation Plasticity In Simultaneous Hermaphrodites
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Author : Pragya Singh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Evolution Of Mating Behaviour And Sex Allocation Plasticity In Simultaneous Hermaphrodites written by Pragya Singh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
Sex And The Developing Brain
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Author : Margaret M. McCarthy
language : en
Publisher: Biota Publishing
Release Date : 2017-08-31
Sex And The Developing Brain written by Margaret M. McCarthy and has been published by Biota Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-08-31 with Science categories.
The brains of males and females, men and women, are different, that is a fact. What is debated is how different and how important are those differences. Sex differences in the brain are determined by genetics, hormones, and experience, which in humans includes culture, society, and parental and peer expectations. The importance of nonbiological variables to sex differences in humans is paramount, making it difficult if not impossible to parse out those contributions that are truly biological. The study of animals provides us the opportunity to understand the magnitude and scope of biologically based sex differences in the brain, and understanding the cellular mechanisms provides us insight into novel sources of brain plasticity. Many sex differences are established during a developmental sensitive window by differences in the hormonal milieu of males versus females. The neonatal testis produces large amounts of testosterone which gains access to the brain and is further metabolized into active androgens and estrogens which modify brain development. Major parameters that are influenced by hormones include neurogenesis, cell death, neurochemical phenotype, axonal and dendritic growth, and synaptogenesis. Variance in these parameters results in sex differences in the size of particular brain regions, the projections between brain regions, and the number and type of synapses within particular brain regions. The cellular mechanisms are both region and endpoint specific and invoke many surprising systems such as prostaglandins, endocannabinoids, and cell death proteins. Epigenetic modifications to the genome both establish and maintain sex differences in the brain and behavior. By understanding when, why, and how sex differences in the brain are established, we may also learn the source of strong gender biases in the relative risk and severity of numerous neurological diseases and disorders of mental health. Boys are much more likely to be diagnosed with autism spectrum or attention and hyperactivity disorders, as well as speech and language deficits, compared to girls. By contrast, women are more likely to suffer from affective disorders, such as depression, anxiety, compulsion, and eating disorders and more likely to experience autoimmune and neurodegenerative disorders. Schizophrenia with an early onset is more common in males but a late-onset version is markedly more frequent in females. Male biased disorders have origins in development while female biased disorders are almost exclusively post-puberty. This remarkable shift in disease risk demands our attention. Novel insights into the biological origins of disease are also gained by comparing and contrasting the same processes in different sexes.
Plasticity And Selection Of Male Sexual Traits Across Operational Sex Ratios In Japanese Medaka Oryzias Latipes
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Author : Emily R. Allen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Plasticity And Selection Of Male Sexual Traits Across Operational Sex Ratios In Japanese Medaka Oryzias Latipes written by Emily R. Allen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Fishes categories.
Plastic Bodies
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Author : Emilia Sanabria
language : en
Publisher: Duke University Press Books
Release Date : 2016-04-22
Plastic Bodies written by Emilia Sanabria and has been published by Duke University Press Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-22 with Social Science categories.
In Plastic Bodies Emilia Sanabria examines how sex hormones are enrolled to create, mold, and discipline social relations and subjectivities. She shows how hormones have become central to contemporary understandings of the body, class, gender, sex, personhood, modernity, and Brazilian national identity. Through interviews with women and doctors; observations in clinics, research centers and pharmacies; and analyses of contraceptive marketing, Sanabria traces the genealogy of menstrual suppression, from its use in population control strategies in the global South to its remarketing as a practice of pharmaceutical self-enhancement couched in neoliberal notions of choice. She links the widespread practice of menstrual suppression and other related elective medical interventions to Bahian views of the body as a malleable object that requires constant work. Given this bodily plasticity, and its potentially limitless character, the book considers ways to assess the values attributed to bodily interventions. Plastic Bodies will be of interest to all those working in medical anthropology, gender studies, and sexual and reproductive health.