The Real Numbers
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The Real Numbers
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Author : John Stillwell
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-10-16
The Real Numbers written by John Stillwell and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-16 with Mathematics categories.
While most texts on real analysis are content to assume the real numbers, or to treat them only briefly, this text makes a serious study of the real number system and the issues it brings to light. Analysis needs the real numbers to model the line, and to support the concepts of continuity and measure. But these seemingly simple requirements lead to deep issues of set theory—uncountability, the axiom of choice, and large cardinals. In fact, virtually all the concepts of infinite set theory are needed for a proper understanding of the real numbers, and hence of analysis itself. By focusing on the set-theoretic aspects of analysis, this text makes the best of two worlds: it combines a down-to-earth introduction to set theory with an exposition of the essence of analysis—the study of infinite processes on the real numbers. It is intended for senior undergraduates, but it will also be attractive to graduate students and professional mathematicians who, until now, have been content to "assume" the real numbers. Its prerequisites are calculus and basic mathematics. Mathematical history is woven into the text, explaining how the concepts of real number and infinity developed to meet the needs of analysis from ancient times to the late twentieth century. This rich presentation of history, along with a background of proofs, examples, exercises, and explanatory remarks, will help motivate the reader. The material covered includes classic topics from both set theory and real analysis courses, such as countable and uncountable sets, countable ordinals, the continuum problem, the Cantor–Schröder–Bernstein theorem, continuous functions, uniform convergence, Zorn's lemma, Borel sets, Baire functions, Lebesgue measure, and Riemann integrable functions.
The Real Number System
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Author : John M. H. Olmsted
language : en
Publisher: Courier Dover Publications
Release Date : 2018-09-12
The Real Number System written by John M. H. Olmsted and has been published by Courier Dover Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-12 with Mathematics categories.
Concise but thorough and systematic, this categorical discussion of the real number system presents a series of step-by-step axioms, each illustrated by examples. The highly accessible text is suitable for readers at varying levels of knowledge and experience: advanced high school students and college undergraduates as well as prospective high school and college instructors. The abundance of examples and the wealth of exercises—more than 300, all with answers provided—make this a particularly valuable book for self-study. The first two chapters examine fields and ordered fields, followed by an introduction to natural numbers and mathematical induction. Subsequent chapters explore composite and prime numbers, integers and rational numbers, congruences and finite fields, and polynomials and rational functions. Additional topics include intervals and absolute value, the axiom of completeness, roots and rational exponents, exponents and logarithms, and decimal expansions. A helpful Appendix concludes the text.
The Real Numbers And Real Analysis
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Author : Ethan D. Bloch
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-05-27
The Real Numbers And Real Analysis written by Ethan D. Bloch and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-05-27 with Mathematics categories.
This text is a rigorous, detailed introduction to real analysis that presents the fundamentals with clear exposition and carefully written definitions, theorems, and proofs. It is organized in a distinctive, flexible way that would make it equally appropriate to undergraduate mathematics majors who want to continue in mathematics, and to future mathematics teachers who want to understand the theory behind calculus. The Real Numbers and Real Analysis will serve as an excellent one-semester text for undergraduates majoring in mathematics, and for students in mathematics education who want a thorough understanding of the theory behind the real number system and calculus.
Which Numbers Are Real
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Author : Michael Henle
language : en
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
Release Date : 2012-12-31
Which Numbers Are Real written by Michael Henle and has been published by American Mathematical Soc. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-31 with Mathematics categories.
Everyone knows the real numbers, those fundamental quantities that make possible all of mathematics from high school algebra and Euclidean geometry through the Calculus and beyond; and also serve as the basis for measurement in science, industry, and ordinary life. This book surveys alternative real number systems: systems that generalize and extend the real numbers yet stay close to these properties that make the reals central to mathematics. Alternative real numbers include many different kinds of numbers, for example multidimensional numbers (the complex numbers, the quaternions and others), infinitely small and infinitely large numbers (the hyperreal numbers and the surreal numbers), and numbers that represent positions in games (the surreal numbers). Each system has a well-developed theory, including applications to other areas of mathematics and science, such as physics, the theory of games, multi-dimensional geometry, and formal logic. They are all active areas of current mathematical research and each has unique features, in particular, characteristic methods of proof and implications for the philosophy of mathematics, both highlighted in this book. Alternative real number systems illuminate the central, unifying role of the real numbers and include some exciting and eccentric parts of mathematics. Which Numbers Are Real? Will be of interest to anyone with an interest in numbers, but specifically to upper-level undergraduates, graduate students, and professional mathematicians, particularly college mathematics teachers.
College Algebra
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Author : OpenStax
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016-10-11
College Algebra written by OpenStax and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-11 with Mathematics categories.
College Algebra provides a comprehensive exploration of algebraic principles and meets scope and sequence requirements for a typical introductory algebra course. The modular approach and richness of content ensure that the book meets the needs of a variety of courses. The text and images in this textbook are grayscale.
Real Numbers
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Author : Joseph T. Sinclair
language : en
Publisher: Real Estate Investment Press
Release Date : 2008-10
Real Numbers written by Joseph T. Sinclair and has been published by Real Estate Investment Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-10 with categories.
The Story Of Numbers
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Author : Asok Kumar Mallik
language : en
Publisher: #N/A
Release Date : 2017-07-27
The Story Of Numbers written by Asok Kumar Mallik and has been published by #N/A this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-27 with Mathematics categories.
'… this could make an ideal end-of-year prize for a high-school student who is fascinated by all aspects of number. The subsections provide ideas and opportunities for mathematical exploration. This book might also be deemed a suitable resource for first-year undergraduates in that, via independent study, it would allow such students to broaden their knowledge of various number-theoretic ideas. I would recommend it for the purposes given above.'The Mathematical GazetteThis book is more than a mathematics textbook. It discusses various kinds of numbers and curious interconnections between them. Without getting into hardcore and difficult mathematical technicalities, the book lucidly introduces all kinds of numbers that mathematicians have created. Interesting anecdotes involving great mathematicians and their marvelous creations are included. The reader will get a glimpse of the thought process behind the invention of new mathematics. Starting from natural numbers, the book discusses integers, real numbers, imaginary and complex numbers and some special numbers like quaternions, dual numbers and p-adic numbers.Real numbers include rational, irrational and transcendental numbers. Iterations on real numbers are shown to throw up some unexpected behavior, which has given rise to the new science of 'Chaos'. Special numbers like e, pi, golden ratio, Euler's constant, Gauss's constant, amongst others, are discussed in great detail.The origin of imaginary numbers and the use of complex numbers constitute the next topic. It is shown why modern mathematics cannot even be imagined without imaginary numbers. Iterations on complex numbers are shown to generate a new mathematical object called 'Fractal', which is ubiquitous in nature. Finally, some very special numbers, not mentioned in the usual textbooks, and their applications, are introduced at an elementary level.The level of mathematics discussed in this book is easily accessible to young adults interested in mathematics, high school students, and adults having some interest in basic mathematics. The book concentrates more on the story than on rigorous mathematics.
Analysis I
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Author : Terence Tao
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-08-29
Analysis I written by Terence Tao and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-29 with Mathematics categories.
This is part one of a two-volume book on real analysis and is intended for senior undergraduate students of mathematics who have already been exposed to calculus. The emphasis is on rigour and foundations of analysis. Beginning with the construction of the number systems and set theory, the book discusses the basics of analysis (limits, series, continuity, differentiation, Riemann integration), through to power series, several variable calculus and Fourier analysis, and then finally the Lebesgue integral. These are almost entirely set in the concrete setting of the real line and Euclidean spaces, although there is some material on abstract metric and topological spaces. The book also has appendices on mathematical logic and the decimal system. The entire text (omitting some less central topics) can be taught in two quarters of 25–30 lectures each. The course material is deeply intertwined with the exercises, as it is intended that the student actively learn the material (and practice thinking and writing rigorously) by proving several of the key results in the theory.
Elements Of Set Theory
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Author : Herbert B. Enderton
language : en
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
Release Date : 1977-04-28
Elements Of Set Theory written by Herbert B. Enderton and has been published by Gulf Professional Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1977-04-28 with Mathematics categories.
This is an introductory undergraduate textbook in set theory. In mathematics these days, essentially everything is a set. Some knowledge of set theory is necessary part of the background everyone needs for further study of mathematics. It is also possible to study set theory for its own interest--it is a subject with intruiging results anout simple objects. This book starts with material that nobody can do without. There is no end to what can be learned of set theory, but here is a beginning.
Number Systems And The Foundations Of Analysis
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Author : Elliott Mendelson
language : en
Publisher: Dover Books on Mathematics
Release Date : 2008
Number Systems And The Foundations Of Analysis written by Elliott Mendelson and has been published by Dover Books on Mathematics this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Mathematics categories.
Geared toward undergraduate and beginning graduate students, this study explores natural numbers, integers, rational numbers, real numbers, and complex numbers. Numerous exercises and appendixes supplement the text. 1973 edition.