The Reasoning Brain The Interplay Between Cognitive Neuroscience And Theories Of Reasoning
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The Reasoning Brain The Interplay Between Cognitive Neuroscience And Theories Of Reasoning
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Author : Vinod Goel
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2017-04-03
The Reasoning Brain The Interplay Between Cognitive Neuroscience And Theories Of Reasoning written by Vinod Goel and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-03 with categories.
Despite the centrality of rationality to our identity as a species (let alone the scientific endeavour), and the fact that it has been studied for several millennia, the present state of our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying logical reasoning remains highly fragmented. For example, a recent review concluded that none of the extant (12!) theories provide an adequate account (Khemlani & Johnson- Laird, 2011), while other authors argue that we are on the brink of a paradigm change, where the old binary logic framework will be washed away and replaced by more modern (and correct) probabilistic and Bayesian approaches (see for example Elqayam & Over, 2012; Oaksford & Chater, 2009; Over, 2009). Over the past 15 years neuroscience brain imaging techniques and patient studies have been used to map out the functional neuroanatomy of reasoning processes. The aim of this research topic is to discuss whether this line of research has facilitated, hindered, or has been largely irrelevant for understanding of reasoning processes. The answer is neither obvious nor uncontroversial. We would like to engage both the cognitive and the neuroscience community in this discussion. Some of the questions of interest are: How have the data generated by the patient and neuroimaging studies: • influenced our thinking about modularity of deductive reasoning • impacted the debate between mental logic theory, mental model theory and the dual mechanism accounts • affected our thinking about dual mechanism theories • informed discussion of the relationship between induction and deduction • illuminated the relationship between language, visual spatial processing and reasoning • affected our thinking about the unity of deductive reasoning processes Have any of the cognitive theories of reasoning helped us explain deficits in certain patient populations? Do certain theories do a better job of this than others? Is there any value to localizing cognitive processes and identifying dissociations (for reasoning and other cognitive processes)? What challenges have neuroimaging data raised for cognitive theories of reasoning? How can cognitive theory inform interpretation of patient data or neuroimaging data? How can patient data or neuroimaging data best inform cognitive theory? This list of questions is not exhaustive. Manuscripts addressing other related questions are welcome. We are interested in hearing from skeptics, agnostics and believers, and welcome original research contributions as well as reviews, methods, hypothesis & theory papers that contribute to the discussion of the current state of our knowledge of how neuroscience is (or is not) helping us to deepen our understanding of the mechanisms underlying logical reasoning processes. References Elqayam, S., & Over, D. E. (2012). Probabilities, beliefs, and dual processing: the paradigm shift in the psychology of reasoning. Mind & Society, 11(1), 27–40. doi:10.1007/s11299-012-0102-4 Khemlani, S. S., & Johnson-Laird, P. N. (2011). Theories of the syllogism: A meta-analysis, (571). Oaksford, M., & Chater, N. (2009). Précis of bayesian rationality: The probabilistic approach to human reasoning. The Behavioral and brain sciences, 32(1), 69–84; discussion 85–120. doi:10.1017/S0140525X09000284 Over, D. E. (2009). New paradigm psychology of reasoning. Thinking & Reasoning, 15(4), 431–438. doi:10.1080/13546780903266188
3 System Theory Of The Cognitive Brain
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Author : Olivier Houdé
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-01-18
3 System Theory Of The Cognitive Brain written by Olivier Houdé and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-18 with Psychology categories.
3-System Theory of the Cognitive Brain: A Post-Piagetian Approach to Cognitive Development puts forward Olivier Houdé’s 3-System theory of the cognitive brain, based on numerous post-Piagetian psychological and brain imaging data acquired from children and adults. This ground-breaking theory simultaneously anchors itself in a deep understanding of the history of psychology and fuels current debates on thinking, reasoning and cognitive development. Spanning the long-term history of psychology, from Plato and Aristotle to more current experimental psychology, this pioneering work goes beyond the approaches of Kahneman (i.e. System 1 theory) and Piaget (i.e. System 2 theory) to put forward a theory in which the inhibitory-control system (i.e. System 3) takes precedence. Houdé argues that the brain contains a third control system located in the prefrontal cortex which is dedicated to inhibiting Kahneman’s intuitive heuristics system and activating Piaget’s logical algorithms system anywhere in the brain on a case-by-case basis, depending on the goal and context of the task. 3-System Theory of the Cognitive Brain simultaneously explains the early logical abilities discovered in babies, the dynamic, strategic and non-linear process of cognitive development in children, and the fast heuristics and biases observed in adults. Houdé considers the exciting implications of this theory on neuro-education using examples from the classroom. This book is essential reading for students and researchers in cognitive development and education, child psychology, reasoning and neurosciences.
Neurocognitive Development Normative Development
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2019-09-22
Neurocognitive Development Normative Development written by and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-22 with Medical categories.
This is one of a two-volume work on neurocognitive development, focusing separately on normative and non-normative development. The normative volume focuses on neurology, biology, genetics, and psychology of normative cognitive development. It covers the development of intellectual abilities, visual perception, motor function, language, memory, attention, executive function, social cognition, learning abilities, and affect and behavior. The book identifies when and how these functions develop, the genetics and neurophysiology of their operation, and their evaluation and assessment in clinical practice. This book will serve as a comprehensive reference to researchers in cognitive development in neuroscience, psychology, and medicine, as well as to clinicians and allied health professionals focused on developmental disabilities (child neurologists, pediatric neuropsychologists, child psychiatrists, speech and language therapists, and occupational therapists.) - Summarizes research on normative neurocognitive development - Includes intellectual abilities, language, memory, attention, motor function, and more - Discusses genetics and environmental influences on development - Provides interdisciplinary information of use to both researchers and clinicians
Teaching And Researching Listening
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Author : Michael Rost
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2024-07-03
Teaching And Researching Listening written by Michael Rost and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-07-03 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Widely considered to be a foundational work in the field of listening, Teaching and Researching Listening is among the most recommended textbooks in applied linguistics oral communication courses, and the most cited reference in current research on second language listening development. Known for its comprehensiveness, clarity, insight, and practical applications, this fourth edition has been substantially revised to reflect the latest research in the areas of linguistics, neuroscience, applied technologies, and teaching methodology, with expanded sections on teaching applications and explorations in social research related to listening. This completely revised edition includes: • Detailed overviews of the underlying processes of listening, with additional coverage of decoding processes • Expansion of sections dealing with artificial intelligence (AI), speech recognition, and input enhancement software • Emphasis on research of listening in spoken interaction and cross-cultural communication • Clear templates for instructors and curriculum designers, with an expansive set of practical resources • Guidance in using observational methods for exploring listening in a range of educational and professional contexts • Website support, with presentation slides, infographics, and question banks for each chapter This fourth edition of Teaching and Researching Listening serves as an authoritative and comprehensive survey of issues related to teaching and researching oral communication, providing value for language teachers, educational researchers, instructional designers, interpreters, and other language practitioners.
Human Reasoning And Cognitive Science
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Author : Keith Stenning
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2012-01-13
Human Reasoning And Cognitive Science written by Keith Stenning and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-13 with Medical categories.
A new proposal for integrating the employment of formal and empirical methods in the study of human reasoning. In Human Reasoning and Cognitive Science, Keith Stenning and Michiel van Lambalgen—a cognitive scientist and a logician—argue for the indispensability of modern mathematical logic to the study of human reasoning. Logic and cognition were once closely connected, they write, but were “divorced” in the past century; the psychology of deduction went from being central to the cognitive revolution to being the subject of widespread skepticism about whether human reasoning really happens outside the academy. Stenning and van Lambalgen argue that logic and reasoning have been separated because of a series of unwarranted assumptions about logic. Stenning and van Lambalgen contend that psychology cannot ignore processes of interpretation in which people, wittingly or unwittingly, frame problems for subsequent reasoning. The authors employ a neurally implementable defeasible logic for modeling part of this framing process, and show how it can be used to guide the design of experiments and interpret results.
Infants And Children
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Author : Laura E. Berk
language : en
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Release Date : 2022-06-25
Infants And Children written by Laura E. Berk and has been published by SAGE Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-25 with Psychology categories.
Now published by SAGE! A best-selling, chronologically organized child development text, Laura E. Berk’s Infants and Children: Prenatal Through Middle Childhood, Ninth Edition is relied on in classrooms worldwide for its clear, engaging writing style, exceptional multicultural and cross-cultural focus, first-rate coverage of developmental neuroscience, rich examples, and long-standing commitment to presenting the most up-to-date scholarship. Renowned professor, researcher, and author Laura E. Berk takes an integrated approach to presenting development in the physical, cognitive, emotional, and social domains, emphasizing the complex interchanges between heredity and environment and offering research-based, practical applications that students can relate to their personal and professional lives. The Ninth Edition’s extensive revision strengthens the connections among developmental domains and brings forth the most recent scholarship, representing the changing field of child development. Infants and Children: Prenatal Through Middle Childhood, Ninth Edition is a briefer version of Infants, Children, and Adolescents, Ninth Edition offering the first 13 chapters for child development courses that do not cover adolescence. Included with this title: LMS Cartridge: Import this title’s instructor resources into your school’s learning management system (LMS) and save time. Don’t use an LMS? You can still access all of the same online resources for this title via the password-protected Instructor Resource Site. Learn more.
Behavioral Analysis
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Author : Prof. Dr. Bilal Semih Bozdemir
language : en
Publisher: Prof. Dr. Bilal Semih Bozdemir
Release Date :
Behavioral Analysis written by Prof. Dr. Bilal Semih Bozdemir and has been published by Prof. Dr. Bilal Semih Bozdemir this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Education categories.
Behavioral Analysis: Unlocking the Secrets of Human Behavior Understanding the Foundations of Behavior The Role of Genetics and Environment Cognitive Processes and Decision-Making Emotions and Their Impact on Behavior Personality Traits and Their Influence Learning and Conditioning Principles Motivation and Goal-Setting Perception and Attention Biases Social Interactions and Interpersonal Dynamics Developmental Factors Shaping Behavior Organizational Behavior and Workplace Dynamics Clinical Applications of Behavioral Analysis Ethical Considerations in Behavioral Research
Infants Children And Adolescents
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Author : Laura E. Berk
language : en
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Release Date : 2022-06-24
Infants Children And Adolescents written by Laura E. Berk and has been published by SAGE Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-24 with Psychology categories.
Now published by SAGE! A best-selling, chronologically organized child development text, Laura E. Berk’s Infants, Children, and Adolescents is relied on in classrooms worldwide for its clear, engaging writing style, exceptional multicultural and cross-cultural focus, first-rate coverage of developmental neuroscience, rich examples, and long-standing commitment to presenting the most up-to-date scholarship. Renowned professor, researcher, and author Laura E. Berk takes an integrated approach to presenting development in the physical, cognitive, emotional, and social domains, emphasizing the complex interchanges between heredity and environment and offering research-based, practical applications that students can relate to their personal and professional lives. The Ninth Edition’s extensive revision strengthens the connections among developmental domains and brings forth the most recent scholarship, representing the changing field of child development. Included with this title: LMS Cartridge: Import this title’s instructor resources into your school’s learning management system (LMS) and save time. Don’t use an LMS? You can still access all of the same online resources for this title via the password-protected Instructor Resource Site.
Strategic Approaches To Managing Technological Change In Sustainable Business Models
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Author : Leone, Daniele
language : en
Publisher: IGI Global
Release Date : 2025-05-29
Strategic Approaches To Managing Technological Change In Sustainable Business Models written by Leone, Daniele and has been published by IGI Global this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-05-29 with Business & Economics categories.
In today’s digital landscape, managing technological change becomes critical for businesses striving to remain competitive while adhering to sustainability principles. Sustainable business models adapt to technological advancements and integrate them in ways that reinforce environmental, social, and economic goals. Strategic approaches to this challenge align innovation with sustainability objectives, fostering organizational agility, and invest in circular economy practices, green technologies, and stakeholder engagement. By managing the risks and opportunities of technological change, businesses can enhance resilience, create value, and drive transformative impact across industries. Strategic Approaches to Managing Technological Change in Sustainable Business Models explores the advent of new business models of the industry 5.0 paradigm. It examines sustainable collaboration for product development, community service, and consumer science. This book covers topics such as neuromarketing, value co-creation, and digital technology, and is a useful resource for business owners, engineers, academicians, researchers, and environmental scientists.
Mind Brain And The Elusive Soul
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Author : Mark Graves
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-04-22
Mind Brain And The Elusive Soul written by Mark Graves and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-22 with Religion categories.
Does science argue against the existence of the human soul? Many scientists and scholars believe the whole is more than the sum of the parts. This book uses information and systems theory to describe the "more" that does not reduce to the parts. One sees this in the synapses”or apparently empty gaps between the neurons in one's brain”where informative relationships give rise to human mind, culture, and spirituality. Drawing upon the disciplines of cognitive science, computer science, neuroscience, general systems theory, pragmatic philosophy, and Christian theology, Mark Graves reinterprets the traditional doctrine of the soul as form of the body to frame contemporary scientific study of the human soul.