The Role Of Stat2 In Type I Interferon Induced Responses Microform
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The Role Of Stat2 In Type I Interferon Induced Responses Microform
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Author : Melissa Marie Brierley
language : en
Publisher: Library and Archives Canada = Bibliothèque et Archives Canada
Release Date : 2004
The Role Of Stat2 In Type I Interferon Induced Responses Microform written by Melissa Marie Brierley and has been published by Library and Archives Canada = Bibliothèque et Archives Canada this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with categories.
STAT2 plays a key role in the Type I Interferon (IFN) signaling cascade. Upon IFN-alpha stimulation, two distinct types of STAT2-containing complexes are formed: IFN-stimulated gene factor 3 (ISGF3), and ISGF3-independent STAT2-containing complexes. In the ISGF3 complex, STAT1 and IRF9 directly mediate IFN-stimulated response element (ISRE) binding, while STAT2 provides a potent transactivational domain. Conversely, while ISGF3-independent STAT2-containing complexes, specifically STAT2:STAT1 and STAT2:STAT3, bind a gamma-activated sequence- (GAS)-like pIRE, the contribution of each STAT protein to DNA binding is unknown. To examine the role of STAT2 in mediating IFN-inducible responses in target cells, we generated a series of STAT2 mutant cDNAs. These cDNAs were introduced by transfection into U6A cells lacking STAT2, resulting in a panel of cell lines that expressed the various mutant STAT2 proteins. Studies were undertaken to assess the sensitivity of U6A cells reconstituted with intact STAT2 (U6A-STAT2) and cells expressing mutant STAT2s (U6A-STAT2E427,428A, U6A-STAT2V453I, U6A-STAT2V454I, U6A-STAT2V454A, U6A-STAT2V453,4541, U6A-STAT2N458A) to IFN-inducible responses. Data reveal that, in response to IFN-a treatment, cell types expressing both intact and mutant STAT2 exhibit normal ISGF3 and STAT2:STAT1 complex formation and DNA binding. However, luciferase gene reporter assays performed to assess the transcriptional activation potential of these STAT2-containing complexes revealed that cells expressing the V453,4541 mutant of STAT2 are impaired in their ability to drive GAS-mediated transcription. Moreover, whereas cells expressing STAT2 mutants E427,428A, V453I, V4541, V454A and N458A are responsive to the antiviral and growth inhibitory effects of IFN-alpha but U6A-STAT2V453,454I cells are refractory to these IFN-inducible biological activities. Finally, gene expression microarray analysis and tandem mass spectroscopy protein expression profiling identified specific targets whose expression is dependent upon IFN-induction of a fully functional STAT2 protein thereby highlighting the importance of ISGF3-independent STAT2-containing complexes in IFN-induced responses.
Angiogenesis Inhibition
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Author : Rüdiger Liersch
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-12-24
Angiogenesis Inhibition written by Rüdiger Liersch and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-12-24 with Medical categories.
Angiogenesis is attracting increased scientific and clinical interest. The identification of novel mediators and targeting molecules has led to significant progress in our understanding of tumor angiogenesis and tumor vessel targeting. Important advances in cancer treatment have already emerged, and in the future, blood vessel targeting will play a significant role within individualized therapeutic strategies. This volume provides a general overview of the latest developments in angiogenesis inhibition in cancer. All aspects from the bench to the bedside are considered, with detailed attention both to basic research and to its translation into clinical practice. Individual chapters are devoted to the roles of angiopoietins, HIF-1a, chemokines, PDGF and VEGF, and vascular integrins. The latest results of clinical trials are presented, and various advanced targeting strategies are discussed. This book will be invaluable to all who wish to learn of the most recent advances in this exciting field.
Pediatric Allergy Asthma And Immunology
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Author : Arnaldo Cantani
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-01-23
Pediatric Allergy Asthma And Immunology written by Arnaldo Cantani and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-01-23 with Medical categories.
Easy to understand and easy to use, this essential book reflects the rapid progress in one of the most intriguing fields of medicine. It offers state-of-the-art information on basic immunology, fetal-neonatal immunology, and many more fascinating areas.
Fundamentals Of Tissue Engineering And Regenerative Medicine
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Author : Ulrich Meyer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-02-11
Fundamentals Of Tissue Engineering And Regenerative Medicine written by Ulrich Meyer and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-02-11 with Medical categories.
"Fundamentals of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine" provides a complete overview of the state of the art in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Tissue engineering has grown tremendously during the past decade. Advances in genetic medicine and stem cell technology have significantly improved the potential to influence cell and tissue performance, and have recently expanded the field towards regenerative medicine. In recent years a number of approaches have been used routinely in daily clinical practice, others have been introduced in clinical studies, and multitudes are in the preclinical testing phase. Because of these developments, there is a need to provide comprehensive and detailed information for researchers and clinicians on this rapidly expanding field. This book offers, in a single volume, the prerequisites of a comprehensive understanding of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The book is conceptualized according to a didactic approach (general aspects: social, economic, and ethical considerations; basic biological aspects of regenerative medicine: stem cell medicine, biomolecules, genetic engineering; classic methods of tissue engineering: cell, tissue, organ culture; biotechnological issues: scaffolds; bioreactors, laboratory work; and an extended medical discipline oriented approach: review of clinical use in the various medical specialties). The content of the book, written in 68 chapters by the world’s leading research and clinical specialists in their discipline, represents therefore the recent intellect, experience, and state of this bio-medical field.
A Practical Synopsis Of Cutaneous Diseases
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Author : Thomas Bateman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1836
A Practical Synopsis Of Cutaneous Diseases written by Thomas Bateman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1836 with Skin categories.
Vaccines For Pandemic Influenza
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Author : Richard W Compans
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-09-18
Vaccines For Pandemic Influenza written by Richard W Compans and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-09-18 with Medical categories.
Recent years have seen unprecedented outbreaks of avian influenza A viruses. In particular, highly pathogenic H5N1 viruses have not only resulted in widespread outbreaks in domestic poultry, but have been transmitted to humans, resulting in numerous fatalities. The rapid expansion in their geographic distribution and the possibility that these viruses could acquire the ability to spread from person to person raises the risk that such a virus could cause a global pandemic with high morbidity and mortality. An effective influenza vaccine represents the best approach to prevent and control such an emerging pandemic. However, current influenza vaccines are directed at existing seasonal influenza viruses, which have little or no antigenic relationship to the highly pathogenic H5N1 strains. Concerns about pandemic preparedness have greatly stimulated research activities to develop eff- tive vaccines for pandemic influenza viruses, and to overcome the limitations inh- ent in current approaches to vaccine production and distribution. These limitations include the use of embryonated chicken eggs as the substrate for vaccine prod- tion, which is time-consuming and could involve potential biohazards in growth of new virus strains. Other limitations include the requirement that the current inac- vated influenza vaccines be administered using needles and syringes, requiring trained personnel, which could be a bottleneck when attempting to vaccinate large populations in mass campaigns. In addition, the current inactivated vaccines that are delivered by injection elicit limited protective immunity in the upper respiratory tract where the infection process is initiated.
Dento Oro Craniofacial Anomalies And Genetics
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Author : Agnes Bloch-Zupan
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2012-03-21
Dento Oro Craniofacial Anomalies And Genetics written by Agnes Bloch-Zupan and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-03-21 with Medical categories.
Dental defects may be the physical expression of genetic defects, and so they can often be seen in a variety of syndromes associated with malformations of organs. However, dental defects are often not recognized, identified, nor characterised despite representing a possible diagnostic sign for an undiagnosed condition. This book addresses this gap by providing an understanding of dental genetics and its developmental biology counterpart. With approximately seventy well-illustrated examples, the authors present the clinical oro-facial manifestations accompanying various syndromes, providing the necessary knowledge for diagnostic purposes, as well as giving insight into recent development for each specific condition. The clarity and format of this book make it an ideal support guide both in the clinic and while conducting research. Comprehensive examination of dento/oro/craniofacial anomalies Well-illustrated examples Presented in a compact, easy to use format
Human Antibody Therapeutics For Viral Disease
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Author : Scott K. Dessain
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-10-12
Human Antibody Therapeutics For Viral Disease written by Scott K. Dessain and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-10-12 with Medical categories.
Although the utility of human antibodies as medical therapeutics for cancer and immune diseases has been well-established, it is only beginning to be realized for the treatment of viral infectious diseases. Polyclonal immunoglobulins have long been used for some viral diseases, but they have limited potency and disease scope. Only a single humanized monoclonal antibody (pavilizumab) has been approved as a viral countermeasure.
Rare Diseases And Orphan Drugs
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Author : Jules J. Berman
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2014-05-26
Rare Diseases And Orphan Drugs written by Jules J. Berman and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-26 with Medical categories.
Rare Diseases and Orphan Drugs shows that much of what we now know about common diseases has been achieved by studying rare diseases. It proposes that future advances in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of common diseases will come as a consequence of our accelerating progress in the field of rare diseases. Understanding the complex steps in the development of common diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic diseases, has proven a difficult problem. Rare diseases, however, are often caused by aberrations of a single gene. In rare diseases, we may study how specific genetic defects can trigger a series of events that lead to the expression of a particular disease. Often, the disease process manifested in a certain rare disease is strikingly similar to the disease process observed in a common disease. This work ties the lessons learned about rare diseases to our understanding of common ones. Chapters covering the number of common diseases are minimized, while rare diseases are introduced as single diseases or as members of diseases classes. After reading this book, readers will appreciate how further research into the rare diseases may lead to new methods for preventing, diagnosing, and treating all diseases, rare or common. Makes rare diseases relevant to clinicians and researchers by tying lessons learned about the rare diseases to our understanding of the common diseases Stresses basic pathologic mechanisms that account for human disease (e.g., disorders of cell development, replication, maintenance, function and structure), that can be understood without prior training in pathology Discusses advanced concepts in molecular biology and genetics in a simple, functional context appropriate for medical trainees and new researchers Offers insights into how further research into rare diseases may lead to new methods for preventing, diagnosing, and treating all diseases.
The Reoviridae
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Author : Wolfgang K. Joklik
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-21
The Reoviridae written by Wolfgang K. Joklik and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-21 with Medical categories.
It is now just 20 years since Gomatos and his co-workers at the Rocke feller University showed that the nucleic acid in reovirus particles is double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). This discovery created great excitement, for dsRNA was at that time under intense investigation as the replicative form of viral genomes consisting of single-stranded RNA. An equally interesting and important finding followed soon after: it was found that the reovirus genome consists, not of a single nucleic acid molecule, but of 10 discrete "segments," each with its specific sequence content and each transcribed into its own messenger RNA. It is clear now that these segments are genes. Not surprisingly, the availability of a viral genome 10 unlinked genes has permitted some unique lines of in consisting of vestigation in molecular biology. Mammalian and avian reoviruses proved to be but the first of several viruses recognized as sharing Similarity in size and morphology and ge nomes consisting of 10, II, or 12 separate genes. These viruses are dis tributed throughout living organisms; among the natural hosts of mem bers of this virus family are vertebrates, Insects, and plants. Members of the Reoviridae family differ widely in the virulence that they exhibit toward their hosts . . For example, the first discovered mam malian reovirus literally is, as the name signifies, a "respiratory enteric orphan" virus, that is, a virus unassociated with disease.