The Role Of The Calcium Sensing Receptor Casr In Parathyroid Tumourigenesis
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The Role Of The Calcium Sensing Receptor Casr In Parathyroid Tumourigenesis
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Author : Ana Rita Gomes
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
The Role Of The Calcium Sensing Receptor Casr In Parathyroid Tumourigenesis written by Ana Rita Gomes and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
Physiology And Pathophysiology Of The Extracellular Calcium Sensing Receptor
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Author : Enikö Kallay
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2018-07-09
Physiology And Pathophysiology Of The Extracellular Calcium Sensing Receptor written by Enikö Kallay and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-07-09 with categories.
Calcium is vital for human physiology; it mediates multiple signaling cascades, critical for cell survival, differentiation, or death both as first and as second messenger. The role of calcium as first messenger is mediated by the G-protein coupled receptor, the extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR). The CaSR is a multifaceted molecule that senses changes in the concentration of a wide variety of environmental factors including di- and trivalent cations, amino acids, polyamines, and pH. In calcitropic tissues with obvious roles in calcium homeostasis such as parathyroid, kidney, and bone it regulates circulating calcium concentrations. The germline mutations of the CaSR cause parathyroid disorders demonstrating the importance of the CaSR for the maintenance of serum calcium homeostasis. The CaSR has an important role also in a range of non-calcitropic tissues, such as the intestine, lungs, central and peripheral nervous system, breast, skin and reproductive system, where it regulates molecular and cellular processes such as gene expression, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis; as well as regulating hormone secretion and lactation. This Research Topic is an overview of the CaSR and its molecular signaling properties together with the various organ systems where it plays an important role. The articles highlight the current knowledge regarding many aspects of the calcitropic and non-calcitropic physiology and pathophysiology of the CaSR.
Calcium Sensing Receptor
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Author : Naibedya Chattopadhyay
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Calcium Sensing Receptor written by Naibedya Chattopadhyay and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
Calcium-Sensing Receptor provides an overview of various aspects of the calcium receptor's biochemistry, physiology and pathophysiology that is suitable both for those who have been working in the field of Ca2+0-sensing as well as those who are new to this discipline. Calcium-Sensing Receptor is the nineteenth volume published in the Endocrine Updates book series under the Series Editorship of Shlomo Melmed, MD.
Molecular Biology Of The Parathyroid
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Author : Tally Naveh-Many
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-02-26
Molecular Biology Of The Parathyroid written by Tally Naveh-Many and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-02-26 with Science categories.
aintaining extracellular calcium concentrations within a narrow range is critical for the survival of most vertebrates. PTH, together with vitamin D, responds to hypocalcemia to increase extracellu M lar calcium levels, by acting on bone, kidney and intestine. The recent intro duction of PTH as a major therapeutic agent in osteoporosis has directed renewed interest in this important hormone and in the physiology of the parathyroid gland. The parathyroid is unique in that low serum calcium stimulates PTH secretion. As hypocalcemia persists, there is also an increase in PTH synthesis. Chronic hypocalcemia leads to hypertrophy and hyper plasia of the parathyroid gland together with increased production of the hormone. Phosphate is also a key modulator of PTH secretion, gene expres sion and parathyroid cell proliferation. Understanding the biology of the parathyroid as well as the mecha nisms of associated diseases has taken great strides in recent years. This book summarizes the molecular mechanisms involved in the function of the para thyroid gland. The first chapter reviews the development of the parathyroid gland and the genes involved in this process as identified using genetically manipulated mice. Then the biosynthetic pathway of PTH from gene ex pression to its intracellular processing and the sequences in the gene control ling its transcription as well as those regulating mRNA processing, stability and translation are described.
Physiology And Pathophysiology Of The Extracellular Calcium Sensing Receptor
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Physiology And Pathophysiology Of The Extracellular Calcium Sensing Receptor written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
Calcium is vital for human physiology; it mediates multiple signaling cascades, critical for cell survival, differentiation, or death both as first and as second messenger. The role of calcium as first messenger is mediated by the G-protein coupled receptor, the extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR). The CaSR is a multifaceted molecule that senses changes in the concentration of a wide variety of environmental factors including di- and trivalent cations, amino acids, polyamines, and pH. In calcitropic tissues with obvious roles in calcium homeostasis such as parathyroid, kidney, and bone it regulates circulating calcium concentrations. The germline mutations of the CaSR cause parathyroid disorders demonstrating the importance of the CaSR for the maintenance of serum calcium homeostasis. The CaSR has an important role also in a range of non-calcitropic tissues, such as the intestine, lungs, central and peripheral nervous system, breast, skin and reproductive system, where it regulates molecular and cellular processes such as gene expression, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis; as well as regulating hormone secretion and lactation. This Research Topic is an overview of the CaSR and its molecular signaling properties together with the various organ systems where it plays an important role. The articles highlight the current knowledge regarding many aspects of the calcitropic and non-calcitropic physiology and pathophysiology of the CaSR.
Enhanced Skeletal Anabolism By Concurrently Targeting The Parathyroid Hormone 1 Receptor Pth1r And Extracellular Calcium Sensing Receptor Casr
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Author : Christian Santa Maria
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Enhanced Skeletal Anabolism By Concurrently Targeting The Parathyroid Hormone 1 Receptor Pth1r And Extracellular Calcium Sensing Receptor Casr written by Christian Santa Maria and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
Maintaining normal Ca2+ homeostasis is essential for all biological functions. Parathyroid glands (PTGs) were developed in land vertebrates to defend against hypocalcemic challenges by tightly regulated secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH), which activates the PTH1R in target tissues to increase Ca2+ recycling in kidneys, Ca2+ absorption from the small intestine via indirect renal production of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-D), and Ca2+ release from bone matrices. These PTH-mediated calciotropic activities are subsided by elevated concentrations of serum Ca2+ through actions of its putative receptor, the extracellular Ca2+-sensing receptor (CaSR), in PTGs to suppress PTH secretion, in kidneys to enhance Ca secretion, and in bone to remineralize matrices and suppress bone resorbing activity, together with PTH/ PTH1R, constituting a "yin/yang" feedback mechanism to maintain Ca2+ homeostasis at a steady state. Interestingly, intermittent PTH (iPTH), administered by once-daily injections, can produce skeletal anabolism in the presence of Ca2+ sufficiency. However, more effective dosages could not be achieved for clinical use, mainly due to its intolerable hypercalcemic side-effects. This dissertation explores interplays between the actions of PTH1R and CaSR and exploits these interactions to harness hypercalcemic effects of PTH while enhancing its skeletal anabolism to prevent bone loss and enhance bone fracture repair. Our strategy leverages the ability of co-injecting an allosteric agonist of CaSR (or calcimimetic) to normalize PTH induced hypercalcemia and synergize anabolic actions of CaSR and PTH1R in bone cells. The study employed state-of-the-art technologies, including high-resolution microCT imaging, automated comprehensive serological assays, Nanostring nCounter gene expression profiling, steady and dynamic histomorphometry, biomechanics testing, and novel genetically manipulated murine models. Our findings reveal novel synergistic actions of PTH and CaSR in bone and their underlying mechanisms, which hold powerful clinical implications for future strategies needed to treat osteoporotic disease and skeletal fractures.
Prevention Of Bone Metastases
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Author : Markus Joerger
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-01-05
Prevention Of Bone Metastases written by Markus Joerger and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-05 with Medical categories.
Bone metastases continue to be a major cause of morbidity in cancer patients, but improved understanding of the biology of bone metastases has led to the identification of drugs that are of potential value in not only their treatment but also their prevention. This book, written by recognized experts in the field, provides a detailed overview of current knowledge on this subject. One important focus of the book is the efficacy of bisphosphonates in preventing bone metastases in patients with breast, lung, and prostate cancer and disease progression in cases of multiple myeloma. The combined use of bisphosphonates and cytostatics is also discussed, with a report on first clinical data. Further topics addressed include the significance of the bone microenvironment, special issues in the elderly patient, the use of bone turnover markers, and initial findings obtained with denosumab.
Cellular Endocrinology In Health And Disease
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Author : Alfredo Ulloa-Aguirre
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2021-02-19
Cellular Endocrinology In Health And Disease written by Alfredo Ulloa-Aguirre and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-19 with Science categories.
Cellular Endocrinology in Health and Disease, Second Edition, describes the underlying basis of endocrine function, providing an important tool to understand the fundamentals of endocrine diseases. Delivering a comprehensive review of the basic science of endocrinology, from cell biology to human disease, this work explores and dissects the function of a number of cellular systems. The new edition provides an understanding of how endocrine glands function by integrating information resulting in biological effects on both local and systemic levels, also providing new information on the molecular physiopathogenesis of endocrine neoplasic cells. The new edition expands the most used chapters from the first edition and proposes a series of substitutions and additions to the table of contents. New chapters cover signaling, brown adipose tissue, hypothalamic cell models, cellular basis of insulin resistance, genetics and epigenetics of neuroendocrine tumors, and a series of chapters on endocrine-related cancer. Providing content that crosses disciplines, Cellular Endocrinology in Health and Disease, Second Edition, details how cellular endocrine function contributes to system physiology and mediates endocrine disorders. A methods section proves novel and useful approaches across research focus that will be attractive to medical students, residents, and specialists in the field of endocrinology, as well as to those interested in cellular regulation. Editors Alfredo Ulloa-Aguirre and Ya-Xiong Tao, experts in molecular and cellular aspects of endocrinology, deliver contributions carefully selected for relevance, impact, and clarity of expression from leading field experts Explores endocrine cells biology in normal and pathologic conditions Covers new aspects of endocrine cell function in distinct tissues Provides a view into the biological effect in local and systemic levels 15 new chapters covering the recent developments in the field
Surgery Of The Thyroid And Parathyroid Glands
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Author : Daniel Oertli
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-11-09
Surgery Of The Thyroid And Parathyroid Glands written by Daniel Oertli and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11-09 with Medical categories.
This book is a unique in-depth and comprehensive reference that covers all surgically relevant thyroid and parathyroid diseases and presents the latest information on their management. International authorities discuss operative techniques and treatments in detail and explain the rationales for their favored approaches. The topics of this second edition include the description of surgically relevant pathologies, preoperative surgical evaluation, decision making, and operative strategies for the various thyroid and parathyroid diseases. In addition, experts present the molecular basis for thyroid neoplasia, review the current understanding of the genetics of inherited thyroid and parathyroid diseases, and discuss the management of recurrent and locally invasive thyroid cancer. Evolving modern operative techniques such as neuromonitoring and minimally invasive (videoscopic) approaches to the thyroid and parathyroids are also covered.
Calcium Signaling
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Author : Md. Shahidul Islam
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-10-23
Calcium Signaling written by Md. Shahidul Islam and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-23 with Medical categories.
This volume contains a unique selection of chapters covering a wealth of contemporary topics in this ubiquitous and diverse system of cell signaling. It offers much more than the accessibility and authority of a primary text book, exploring topics ranging from the fundamental aspects of calcium signaling to its varied clinical implications. It presents comprehensive discussion of cutting-edge research alongside detailed analysis of critical issues, at the same time as setting out testable hypotheses that point the way to future scientific endeavors. The contributions feature material on theoretical and methodological topics as well as related subjects including mathematical modeling and simulations. They examine calcium signaling in a host of contexts, from mammalian cells to bacteria, fruit fly and zebrafish. With much of interest to newcomers to the field as well as seasoned experts, this new publication is both wide-ranging and authoritative. The chapter “Calcium Signaling: From Basic to Bedside” is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.