The State Of Food Insecuritity In Harare Zimbabwe

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The State Of Food Insecuritity In Harare Zimbabwe

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Author : Tawodzera, Godfrey
language : en
Publisher: Southern African Migration Programme
Release Date : 2016-10-17

The State Of Food Insecuritity In Harare Zimbabwe written by Tawodzera, Godfrey and has been published by Southern African Migration Programme this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-17 with Social Science categories.

Harare is at the epicentre of the economic meltdown and political crisis that has devastated Zimbabwe over the last decade and led to a mass exodus from the country. Those who remained in Zimbabwe’s largest city and capital endured unprecedented hardship as the formal economy collapsed, unemployment soared and poverty deepened. Household surveys conducted in Harare with official sanction between 2003 and 2009 appear to demonstrate that food insecurity was not a particularly serious problem, a conclusion sharply at odds with reality. In 2008, at the height of the crisis, AFSUN therefore implemented its own baseline food security survey in Harare using a well-tested and reliable methodology. This paper presents and discusses the results of that survey and shows that Harare had become the most food insecure city in the SADC region by 2008. Levels of food insecurity were extraordinarily high as poor households struggled to find the income to purchase what little food was available in the shops and informal markets. The paper demonstrates that participation in the informal food economy was the major response to the crisis, providing poor households with a modicum of food and income. Urban agriculture for home consumption also grew in importance as a crisis response. While the political and economic situation in Zimbabwe has stabilised somewhat since 2008, the long-term impact of many years of enforced food insecurity on the city population is incalculable. This paper concludes with the recommendation that ongoing monitoring of the urban food security situation in Harare is essential in order to begin to develop national and municipal policies that could ensure a food secure future for the city.

The Return Of Food

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Author : Tawodzera, Godfrey
language : en
Publisher: Southern African Migration Programme
Release Date : 2016-06-14

The Return Of Food written by Tawodzera, Godfrey and has been published by Southern African Migration Programme this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-14 with Social Science categories.

The nadir of Zimbabwe's political and economic crisis in 2008 coincided with the implementation of a baseline household food security survey in Harare by AFSUN. This survey found that households in low income urban areas in Zimbabwe's capital were far worse off in terms of all the food insecurity and poverty indicators than households in the other 10 Southern African cities surveyed by AFSUN. The central question addressed in this report is whether food security in Zimbabwe's urban centres has improved. AFSUN conducted a follow-up survey in 2012 that allows for direct longitudinal comparisons of continuity and change. The status of household food security in low-income neighbourhoods in Harare was improved in 2012 relative to 2008, and yet persistently high rates of severe food insecurity demonstrate that the daily need to access adequate food continued to be a major challenge. 'The key lesson for policymakers is that even in the context of overall economic improvement, food insecurity remains endemic among the poorest segments of the urban population. Households are already accustomed to drawing on resources outside of the formal economy and improvements in employment income have not reversed that trend. These alternative livelihood strategies should therefore be considered as a normal part of urban life and supported with state resources that can improve access to food for the most marginalized groups.

The Food Insecurities Of Zimbabwean Migrants In Urban South Africa

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Author : Crush, Jonathan
language : en
Publisher: Southern African Migration Programme
Release Date : 2016-10-17

The Food Insecurities Of Zimbabwean Migrants In Urban South Africa written by Crush, Jonathan and has been published by Southern African Migration Programme this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-17 with Social Science categories.

This report examines the food security status of Zimbabwean migrant households in the poorer areas of two major South African cities, Johannesburg and Cape Town. The vast majority were food insecure in terms of the amount of food to which they had access and the quality and diversity of their diet. What seems clear is that Zimbabwean migrants are significantly more food insecure than other low-income households. The primary reason for this appears to lie in pressures that include remittances of cash and goods back to family in Zimbabwe. The small literature on the impact of migrant remittances on food security tends to look only at the recipients and how their situation is improved. It does not look at the impact of remitting on those who send remittances. Most Zimbabwean migrants in South Africa feel a strong obligation to remit, but to do so they must make choices because of their limited and unpredictable income. Food is one of the first things to be sacrificed. Quantities decline, cheaper foods are preferred, and dietary quality and diversity inevitably suffer. This study found that while migrants were dissatisfied with the shrinking job market in South Africa, most felt that they would be unlikely to find work in Zimbabwe and that a return would worsen their household’s food security situation. In other words, while food insecurity in Zimbabwe is a major driver of migration to South Africa, food insecurity in South Africa is unlikely to encourage many to return.

Usaid The State And Food Insecurity In Rural Zimbabwe

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Author : Ned Breslin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993

Usaid The State And Food Insecurity In Rural Zimbabwe written by Ned Breslin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Agriculture categories.

The State Of Food Insecurity In Manzini Swaziland

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Author : Tevera, Daniel
language : en
Publisher: Southern African Migration Programme
Release Date : 2016-10-17

The State Of Food Insecurity In Manzini Swaziland written by Tevera, Daniel and has been published by Southern African Migration Programme this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-17 with Social Science categories.

This study of the food security situation of the poor in Manzini, Swaziland’s economic hub, formed part of AFSUN’s baseline survey of eleven Southern African cities. It found that the urban poor here are less food secure than in any of the other cities in the survey. On the basis of the findings presented in this paper, AFSUN makes several policy recommendations to deal with food security challenges in the poor urban areas of Swaziland. Among these is that government needs to target urban households specifically in addition to its focus on poverty in rural areas. A more national approach that covers both rural and urban areas will help Swaziland to move towards the achievement of the Millennium Development Goal to reduce hunger by 50%. Because households that are severely food insecure tend to be large, female-headed and female-centred, and have a narrow range of livelihood strategies, it is vital for policies that address urban food security to appreciate the complex relationship between household food security and a range of variables such as income, gender and household size.

Alleviating Hunger In Zimbabwe

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Author : Mandivamba Rukuni
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995

Alleviating Hunger In Zimbabwe written by Mandivamba Rukuni and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Agriculture and state categories.

The State Of Food Insecurity In Blantyre City Malawi

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Author : Mvula, Peter
language : en
Publisher: Southern African Migration Programme
Release Date : 2016-10-17

The State Of Food Insecurity In Blantyre City Malawi written by Mvula, Peter and has been published by Southern African Migration Programme this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-17 with Social Science categories.

Chronic food insecurity is considered to be one of the most important challenges facing the people and government of Malawi. Most attention tends to be given to the rural areas where the majority of the population live and where the prevalence of food insecurity is highest. However, Malawi is urbanizing at a rapid rate and those who move to the cities do not automatically become food secure. Urban food insecurity is likely to increase and therefore it is important for policy-makers to begin to think about this issue. AFSUN’s study of food insecurity in the city of Blantyre, Malawi’s industrial hub, formed part of its baseline survey of 11 Southern African cities. The study established that household dietary diversity is very low with most consuming a monotonous diet dominated by grain foods, especially maize. While the dependence on maize and its availability on the market means that absolute levels of food insecurity are lower here than in many other cities surveyed by AFSUN, there is also a clear seasonality to food security that coincides with the rural agricultural cycle. When maize prices rise, households immediately feel the pinch and levels of insecurity rise. Female-centred households, households with large family sizes, households that have lost a breadwinner through death, households with a sick member, and low-income households are more food insecure than the rest.

The State Of Food Insecurity In Maputo Mozambique

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Author : Raimundo, Ines
language : en
Publisher: Southern African Migration Programme
Release Date : 2016-10-17

The State Of Food Insecurity In Maputo Mozambique written by Raimundo, Ines and has been published by Southern African Migration Programme this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-17 with Social Science categories.

Food insecurity is a fact of life for the vast majority of households across Maputo’s poverty belt. The Maputo urban food security survey done by AFSUN as part of its baseline survey of 11 Southern African cities found that households exist in a constant state of food insecurity manifested in a lack of access to sufficient affordable food, poor dietary quality and undernutrition. Income is meagre and only those households with access to wage income have any chance of holding food insecurity at bay. With a vibrant informal food economy, Maputo’s poor are surrounded by fresh and processed food. Food availability is therefore not the primary determinant of food insecurity in Maputo. Certainly large-scale food import from South Africa and further afield makes the market price of food inherently volatile. But prices for the consumer are also driven down by the fact that there is intense competition among vendors on the streets and in the marketplaces. The real cause of food insecurity is high urban unemployment and a lack of regular and decent-paying work. Among its recommendations, AFSUN urges the city of Maputo to set up a food security strategy that is multisectoral and policy-oriented and based on a better understanding of food flows into and within the city, the operation of the city’s informal food economy and the likely impacts of formal retailing for the food security of the urban poor.

The State Of Food Insecurity In Lusaka Zambia

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Author : Mulenga, Chileshe
language : en
Publisher: Southern African Migration Programme
Release Date : 2016-10-17

The State Of Food Insecurity In Lusaka Zambia written by Mulenga, Chileshe and has been published by Southern African Migration Programme this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-17 with Social Science categories.

The Lusaka urban food security survey done by AFSUN as part of its baseline survey of 11 Southern African cities found that up to 93% of the households in the informal settlements, which house three-quarters of the Zambian capital’s population, were food insecure. A paltry 8% were food secure. Worse still, most of the households in the informal urban settlements of Lusaka did not only have poor access to food, they also consumed foods from a very narrow range of food groups. Their diets were dominated by cereals and therefore likely to be deficient in essential vitamins, minerals and proteins. The AFSUN survey shows clearly that urban households obtain their food mainly through the market and therefore stable macro-economic conditions are essential to their food security. Since urban household food security is positively associated with levels of income, promotion of decent employment is critical. Among the urgent measures AFSUN recommends to address Lusaka’s food insecurity are the promotion by government of decent employment, including labour-intensive public works programmes that would stimulate formal employment, and supplementary feeding programmes in clinics and schools.

The State Of Food Insecurity In Gaborone Botswana

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Author : Acquah, Benjamin
language : en
Publisher: Southern African Migration Programme
Release Date : 2016-10-17

The State Of Food Insecurity In Gaborone Botswana written by Acquah, Benjamin and has been published by Southern African Migration Programme this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-17 with Social Science categories.

The results of AFSUN’s study of the food security situation of the poor in Gaborone show that not everyone is benefitting from Botswana’s strong and growing economy and that many of the urban poor experience extremely high levels of food insecurity. The study, which formed part of AFSUN’s baseline survey of 11 Southern African cities, collected data on a broad range of issues that affect household food insecurity and found that four out of five households in the surveyed areas in Gaborone reported severe or moderate food insecurity. Only 18% were either food secure or mildly food insecure. Income level is a particularly important determinant of food insecurity as most households access food from the marketplace rather than grow their own. The impacts of chronic food insecurity on Gaborone’s population are likely to be considerable unless this problem is urgently addressed. The problem is in some sense invisible because there appears to be no shortage of food in the shops and on the streets of this booming city. The challenge is not one of food supply but food accessibility and food quality. Given that Botswana is one of the most rapidly urbanizing and most urbanized countries in Africa, its example has wider importance for the general study of urban food security on the continent.