The Universe In A Helium Droplet
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The Universe In A Helium Droplet
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Author : Grigory E. Volovik
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2003-03-06
The Universe In A Helium Droplet written by Grigory E. Volovik and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-03-06 with Science categories.
There are fundamental relations between three vast areas of physics: particle physics, cosmology and condensed matter physics. The fundamental links between the first two areas, in other words, between micro- and macro- worlds, have been well established. There is a unified system of laws governing the scales from subatomic particles to the Cosmos and this principle is widely exploited in the description of the physics of the early Universe. The main goal of this book is to establish and define the connection of these two fields with condensed matter physics. According to the modern view, elementary particles (electrons, neutrinos, quarks, etc.) are excitations of a more fundamental medium called the quantum vacuum. This is the new 'aether' of the 21st Century. Electromagnetism, gravity, and the fields transferring weak and strong interactions all represent different types of the collective motion of the quantum vacuum. Among the existing condensed matter systems, a quantum liquid called superfluid 3He-A most closely represents the quantum vacuum. Its quasiparticles are very similar to the elementary particles, while the collective modes of the liquid are very similar to electromagnetic and gravitational fields, and the quanta of these collective modes are analogues of photons and gravitons. The fundamental laws of physics, such as the laws of relativity (Lorentz invariance) and gauge invariance, arise when the temperature of the quantum liquid decreases. This book is written for graduate students and researchers in all areas of physics.
The Universe In A Helium Droplet
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Author : G. E. Volovik
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
The Universe In A Helium Droplet written by G. E. Volovik and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Condensed matter categories.
Quantum Dissipative Systems
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Author : Ulrich Weiss
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2012
Quantum Dissipative Systems written by Ulrich Weiss and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Mathematics categories.
Starting from first principles, this book introduces the fundamental concepts and methods of dissipative quantum mechanics and explores related phenomena in condensed matter systems. Major experimental achievements in cooperation with theoretical advances have brightened the field and brought it to the attention of the general community in natural sciences. Nowadays, working knowledge of dissipative quantum mechanics is an essential tool for many physicists. This book -- originally published in 1990 and republished in 1999 and and 2008 as enlarged second and third editions -- delves significantly deeper than ever before into the fundamental concepts, methods and applications of quantum dissipative systems.This fourth edition provides a self-contained and updated account of the quantum mechanics of open systems and offers important new material including the most recent developments. The subject matter has been expanded by about fifteen percent. Many chapters have been completely rewritten to better cater to both the needs of newcomers to the field and the requests of the advanced readership. Two chapters have been added that account for recent progress in the field. This book should be accessible to all graduate students in physics. Researchers will find this a rich and stimulating source.
The Superfluid Phases Of Helium 3
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Author : Dieter Vollhardt
language : en
Publisher: Courier Corporation
Release Date : 2013-10-17
The Superfluid Phases Of Helium 3 written by Dieter Vollhardt and has been published by Courier Corporation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-17 with Science categories.
This classic of modern theoretical physics is the first and only comprehensive treatment of the superfluid phases of helium 3, a crucial aspect of condensed matter physics with applications to many other fields. The self-contained approach explores ideas, concepts, and theoretical results, emphasizing symmetries and the consequences of their spontaneous breakdown. 1990 edition.
An Introduction To Non Perturbative Foundations Of Quantum Field Theory
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Author : Franco Strocchi
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2013-02-14
An Introduction To Non Perturbative Foundations Of Quantum Field Theory written by Franco Strocchi and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-14 with Science categories.
Quantum Field Theory (QFT) has proved to be the most useful strategy for the description of elementary particle interactions and as such is regarded as a fundamental part of modern theoretical physics. In most presentations, the emphasis is on the effectiveness of the theory in producing experimentally testable predictions, which at present essentially means Perturbative QFT. However, after more than fifty years of QFT, we still are in the embarrassing situation of not knowing a single non-trivial (even non-realistic) model of QFT in 3+1 dimensions, allowing a non-perturbative control. As a reaction to these consistency problems one may take the position that they are related to our ignorance of the physics of small distances and that QFT is only an effective theory, so that radically new ideas are needed for a consistent quantum theory of relativistic interactions (in 3+1 dimensions). The book starts by discussing the conflict between locality or hyperbolicity and positivity of the energy for relativistic wave equations, which marks the origin of quantum field theory, and the mathematical problems of the perturbative expansion (canonical quantization, interaction picture, non-Fock representation, asymptotic convergence of the series etc.). The general physical principles of positivity of the energy, Poincare' covariance and locality provide a substitute for canonical quantization, qualify the non-perturbative foundation and lead to very relevant results, like the Spin-statistics theorem, TCP symmetry, a substitute for canonical quantization, non-canonical behaviour, the euclidean formulation at the basis of the functional integral approach, the non-perturbative definition of the S-matrix (LSZ, Haag-Ruelle-Buchholz theory). A characteristic feature of gauge field theories is Gauss' law constraint. It is responsible for the conflict between locality of the charged fields and positivity, it yields the superselection of the (unbroken) gauge charges, provides a non-perturbative explanation of the Higgs mechanism in the local gauges, implies the infraparticle structure of the charged particles in QED and the breaking of the Lorentz group in the charged sectors. A non-perturbative proof of the Higgs mechanism is discussed in the Coulomb gauge: the vector bosons corresponding to the broken generators are massive and their two point function dominates the Goldstone spectrum, thus excluding the occurrence of massless Goldstone bosons. The solution of the U(1) problem in QCD, the theta vacuum structure and the inevitable breaking of the chiral symmetry in each theta sector are derived solely from the topology of the gauge group, without relying on the semiclassical instanton approximation.
The Shape Of Inner Space
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Author : Shing-Tung Yau
language : en
Publisher: Hachette UK
Release Date : 2010-09-07
The Shape Of Inner Space written by Shing-Tung Yau and has been published by Hachette UK this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-09-07 with Science categories.
String theory says we live in a ten-dimensional universe, but that only four are accessible to our everyday senses. According to theorists, the missing six are curled up in bizarre structures known as Calabi-Yau manifolds. In The Shape of Inner Space, Shing-Tung Yau, the man who mathematically proved that these manifolds exist, argues that not only is geometry fundamental to string theory, it is also fundamental to the very nature of our universe. Time and again, where Yau has gone, physics has followed. Now for the first time, readers will follow Yau's penetrating thinking on where we've been, and where mathematics will take us next. A fascinating exploration of a world we are only just beginning to grasp, The Shape of Inner Space will change the way we consider the universe on both its grandest and smallest scales.
Astroparticle Physics
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Author : Claus Grupen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-01-27
Astroparticle Physics written by Claus Grupen and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-27 with Science categories.
This second, revised and thoroughly updated edition of the successful textbook by Claus Grupen describes the branch of astrophysics known as astroparticle physics. Using experimental methods known from cosmic ray and particle physics, astroparticle physics investigates processes of highest energies taking place in the universe. The new edition reports on progress made by recent discoveries in gravitational wave astronomy and neutrino astronomy (including all details needed to understand recent discoveries in multi-messenger experiments) and also astrobiology. After a historical introduction to the basics of elementary particles the author describes their interactions and the relevant detection techniques. The main body of the book concerns cosmic rays as well as particle processes in astrophysics and cosmology including the physics of the early universe. The book provides an orientation in the field of astroparticle physics that many beginners might be looking for.It also presents new sections exploring the interface between particle physics and cosmic radiation and illustrates the impact of particle physics discoveries to astroparticle physics. The physics is presented using little mathematics, and the results are illustrated by many diagrams and illustrative scientific cartoons which ease the reading of the book. Closing the gap between expert and popular level, the book is highly recommended for undergraduate students in physics or astronomy. It also includes an extensive glossary and a detailed index.
Exotic Properties Of Superfluid Helium 3
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Author : Grigori Volovik
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 1992-03-31
Exotic Properties Of Superfluid Helium 3 written by Grigori Volovik and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992-03-31 with Science categories.
This book discusses the unique properties of superfluid phases of 3He, the condensed matter with the outmost broken symmetry, which combine in a surprising way the properties of ordered magnets, liquid crystals and superfluids. The complicated vacuum state of these phases with a large number of fermionic and bosonic quasiparticles and topological objects remains the vacuum in modern quantum field theories. Some of the objects and physical phenomena in 3He have strong analogy with the neutrino, W-bosons, weak interactions, gravity, chiral anomaly, Quantum Hall Effect and fractional statistics. As an example of topological objects, the quantized vortices in 3He phases are discussed in detail, including singular and continuous vortices, half-quantum vortices, broken symmetry in the vortex core and phase transitions between the vortex states with different symmetry and topology.
Quantum Scaling In Many Body Systems
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Author : Mucio Continentino
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2017-04-17
Quantum Scaling In Many Body Systems written by Mucio Continentino and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-17 with Science categories.
Focusing on experimental results, this updated edition approaches the problem of quantum phase transitions from a new and unifying perspective.
Advanced General Relativity
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Author : Claude Barrabès
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2013-05-23
Advanced General Relativity written by Claude Barrabès and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-23 with Science categories.
The book covers mainstream topics at research level involving gravitational waves, spinning particles, and black holes, suitable for graduates and early postgraduates exploring avenues into research in general relativity.