The Use Of Antibiotics In Aquaculture And Its Impacts On The Environment
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The Use Of Antibiotics In Aquaculture And Its Impacts On The Environment
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Author : P. S. Choo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
The Use Of Antibiotics In Aquaculture And Its Impacts On The Environment written by P. S. Choo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with categories.
Responsible Use Of Antibiotics In Aquaculture
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Author : Pilar Hernández Serrano
language : en
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 2005
Responsible Use Of Antibiotics In Aquaculture written by Pilar Hernández Serrano and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Business & Economics categories.
Antibiotics are drugs of natural or synthetic origin that have the capacity to kill or to inhibit the growth of micro-organisms. Antibiotics that are sufficiently non-toxic to the host are used as chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of infectious diseases of humans, animals and plants. They have long been present in the environment and have played a crucial role in the battle between man and microbe. Many bacterial species multiply rapidly enough to double their numbers every 20-30 minutes, so their ability to adapt to changes in the environment and survive unfavourable conditions often results in the development of mutations that enable the species to survive changing external conditions. Another factor contributing to their adaptability is that individual cells do not rely on their own genetic resources. Many, if not all, have access to a large pool of itinerant genes that move from one bacteria cell to another and spread through bacterial populations through a variety of mobile genetic elements, of which plasmids and transposable elements are two examples. The capacity of bacteria to adapt to changes in their environment and thus survive is called resistance. Drug choices for the treatment of common infectious diseases are becoming increasingly limited and expensive and, in some cases, unavailable due to the emergence of drug resistance in bacteria and fungi - resistance that is threatening to reverse much medical progress of the past 50 years. Dissemination of resistant micro-organisms may occur in both hospitals and communities. It is recognized that a major route of transmission of resistant microorganisms from animals to humans is through the food chain. In aquaculture, antibiotics have been used mainly for therapeutic purposes and as prophylactic agents. The contribution to antimicrobial resistance of antibiotics used in aquaculture is reviewed here, using a risk analysis framework. Some recommendations on responsible conduct in this context are proposed, aimed at diminishing the threat of build up of antimicrobial resistance.
Towards Safe And Effective Use Of Chemicals In Coastal Aquaculture
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Author : IMO/FAO/UNESCO-IOC/WMO/WHO/IAEA/UN/UNEP Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection
language : en
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 1997
Towards Safe And Effective Use Of Chemicals In Coastal Aquaculture written by IMO/FAO/UNESCO-IOC/WMO/WHO/IAEA/UN/UNEP Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Science categories.
Chemicals used within the aquaculture industry are identified and for each chemical a brief summary is provided on the intended purpose, the scale of its application, the aquacultural sectors and geographic locations of its principal use and its potential impact on the environment and human health. Environmental issues arising from the properties of aquacultural chemicals are discussed. The use of most chemicals in aquaculture, if carried out properly, can be regarded as wholly beneficial with no attendant adverse environmental effects or increased risks to the health of aquacultural workers. Concerns appear warranted, however, regarding the overuse and misuse of certain chemicals for which proper risk assessments with respect to the marine environment have not been conducted. A further legitimate concern and a barrier to the conduct of an exhaustive review of chemical use practices is the unavailability of quantitative data on contemporary chemical use in the aquaculture industry. The viability of contemporary aquaculture is contingent on the use of chemicals. Accordingly, with the overriding consideration should be minimizing the quantities of chemicals applied, most current uses of chemicals are essential. This study, recognizing that chemotherapeutants and pesticides in current use are of verying effectiveness and hazard, provides recommendations to promote the safe and effective use of chemicals in coastal aquaculture. Government authorities, the scientific community and the aquacultural and pharmaceutical industries all have an important to play in ensuring that chemical use is consistent with protection of environmental quality and human health.
Emerging Contaminants
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Author : Aurel Nuro
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2021-05-27
Emerging Contaminants written by Aurel Nuro and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-27 with Science categories.
Emerging Contaminants presents the reader with information on classification, recent studies, and adverse effects on the environment and human health of the main classes of contaminants. Emerging contaminants are synthetic or natural compounds and microorganisms produced and used by humans that cause adverse ecological and human health effects when they reach the environment. This book is organized into four sections that cover the classification of contaminants and the instrumental techniques used to quantify them, recent studies on pesticides, antibiotics as an important group of emerging contaminants, and studies of different classes of emerging contaminants such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), microplastics, and others.
Environmental Effects Of Marine Finfish Aquaculture
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Author : Barry Hargrave
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2005-08-24
Environmental Effects Of Marine Finfish Aquaculture written by Barry Hargrave and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-08-24 with Medical categories.
Environmental risks associated with large-scale marine finfish cage aquaculture cast doubt on the sustainability of the industry. This book divides the topic into its broad parts: Eutrophication; Sedimentation and Benthic Impacts; Changes in Trophic Structure and Function; and Managing Environmental Risks, and goes further to analyze methods and models currently used to measure near and far-field environmental effects of finfish mariculture and and their implications for management.
Aquaculture Resource Use And The Environment
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Author : Claude Boyd
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2015-02-23
Aquaculture Resource Use And The Environment written by Claude Boyd and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-02-23 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Aquaculture, Resource Use, and the Environment places aquaculture within the larger context of global population growth, increased demand for sustainable, reliable sources of food, and the responsible use of natural resources. Aquaculture production has grown rapidly in recent decades as over-exploitation and environmental degradation have drastically reduced wild fish stocks. As fish production has increased, questions have persisted about the environmental sustainability of current aquaculture practices. Aquaculture, Resource Use, and the Environment is a timely synthesis and analysis of critical issues facing the continued growth and acceptance of aquaculture practices and products. Chapters look at the past, present, and future demands for food, aquaculture production, and tackle key issues ranging from environmental impacts of aquaculture to practical best management practices in aquaculture production. Providing broad coverage of issues that are essential to the continued development of aquaculture production, Aquaculture, Resource Use, and the Environment will be vital resource for anyone involved in the field of aquaculture.
Towards Safe And Effective Use Of Chemicals In Coastal Aquaculture
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Author : FAO
language : en
Publisher: Daya Books
Release Date : 2005
Towards Safe And Effective Use Of Chemicals In Coastal Aquaculture written by FAO and has been published by Daya Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Aquaculture categories.
Chemicals used within the aquaculture industry are identified and, for each chemical, a brief summary of information is provided, when available, on its intended purpose, scale of application, the aquacultural sectors and geographic locations of principal use and potential impacts on the environment and human health. Environmental issues arising from the properties of aquacultural chemicals are discussed. The use of most chemicals in aquaculture, if carried out properly, can be regarded as wholly beneficial with no attendant adverse environmental effects or increased risks to the health of aquacultural workers. Concerns appear warranted, however, regarding the over-use and misuse of certain chemicals for which proper risk assessments with respect to the marine environment have not been conducted. A further legitimate concern and a barrier to conducting an exhaustive review of these practices is the lack of availability of quantitative data on contemporary chemical use in the aquaculture industry. The viability of contemporary aquaculture is contingent on the use of chemicals. Accordingly, while the overriding consideration should be minimizing the quantities of chemicals applied, most current uses of chemicals are essential. Recognising that chemotherapeutants and pesticides in current use are of varying effectiveness and hazard, recommendations are provided to promote the safe and effective use of chemicals in coastal aquaculture. Governmental authorities, the scientific community and the aquacultural and pharmaceutical industries all have important roles to play to ensure that chemical use is consistent with protection of environmental quality and human health. In particular, mechanisms need to be put in place and enforced for the registration and control of aquacultural chemicals to protect the environment and human health and to ensure the sustainable growth of the aquaculture industry. Contents Chapter 1: Introduction; Scope and purpose of this study report, Content of this study report; Chapter 2: Chemicals and Their Applications; Chemicals associated with structural materials, Soil and water treatments, Fertilisers, Disinfectants, Antibacterial agents, Therapeutants other than antibacterials, Pesticides, Herbicides/ algaecides, Feed additives, Anaesthetics, Hormones; Chapter 3: Issue of Concern; Persistence in aquatic environments, Residues in non-cultured organisms, Toxicity to non-target species, Stimulation of resistance, Effect on sediment biogeochemistry, Nutrient enrichment, Health of farm workers, Residues in seafood; Chapter 4: Problems and Solutions; Intensification, fish health management and access to information, Residues, methods and enforcement, Prophylactic use of antibacterials, Quality assurance of chemicals used in aquaculture, Need for data on quantities of chemicals used, Difficulties in effluent treatment, International trade, Need for environmental fate and effects information, Need for alternatives; Chapter 5: Conclusions and Recommendations on the Safe and Effective Use of Chemicals in Coastal Aquaculture; Chapter 6: References.
Antibiotics And Antimicrobial Resistance Genes In The Environment
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Author : Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2019-11-22
Antibiotics And Antimicrobial Resistance Genes In The Environment written by Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-22 with Science categories.
Antibiotics and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes (AMR) in the Environment summarizes and updates information on antibiotic producing organisms and their resistance and entry routes in soil, air, water and sediment. As antibiotic use continues to rise in healthcare, their fate, bioavailability and biomonitoring, and impacts on environment and public health are becoming increasingly important. The book addresses the impact of antibiotics and AMR to environment and public health and risk assessment. Moreover, it focused on the metagenomics and molecular techniques for the detection of antibiotics and antimicrobial genes. Lastly, it introduces management strategies, such as treatment technologies for managing antibiotics and AMR/ARGs-impacted environment, and bioremediation approaches. Summarizes and updates information on antibiotics and AMR/ARGs production and its fate and transport in the environment Includes phytoremediation and bioremediation technologies for environmental management Provides analysis of risk assessment of antibiotic resistance genes to help understand the environmental and socioeconomic impacts of antibiotics and AMR/ARGs
Environmental Impacts Of Aquaculture
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Author : Kenneth D. Black
language : en
Publisher: Burns & Oates
Release Date : 2001
Environmental Impacts Of Aquaculture written by Kenneth D. Black and has been published by Burns & Oates this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Nature categories.
The continued expansion of aquaculture - in a wide range of environments and of a growing number of species, both vertebrate and invertebrate - has lead to increasing demands on aquatic resources. These demands vary with the culture species, the culture method and the environmental and ecological setting. While there are many examples of efforts to mitigate detrimental environmental effects, the environment remains the ultimate constraint on the future sustainable development of this maturing industry. The relationships between the activities of aquaculture and the environment are of significant economic importance, as well as of innate scientific interest. As a result, a large international research community has developed over the past decade. In Environmental Impacts of Aquaculture, the research is synthesized and critically reviewed, providing a source of reference to the most important recent developments at research and professional level.
Aquaculture And The Environment
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Author : T. V. R. Pillay
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2008-04-15
Aquaculture And The Environment written by T. V. R. Pillay and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-04-15 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Aquaculture and the Environment Second Edition T. V. R. Pillay The continuing rapid increases in aquaculture production world-wide raise fears of further environmental degradation of the aquatic environment. The second edition of this well-received book brings together and discusses the available information on all major environmental aspects of various aquaculture systems, providing a valuable aid to the preparation of environmental impact assessments of aquaculture projects and showing how potential environmental problems can be reduced or mitigated by sound management. Much new information is presented in this new edition, including details of the impact of genetically modified food products and a new chapter on the sustainability of aquaculture, which covers the definitions of sustainability and responsible aquaculture, environmental, economic, social and ethical aspects of sustainability and the concept of ecotechnology in fish farming. Aquaculture and the Environment, Second Edition is essential reading for all personnel working on fish farms and for those moving into the aquatic farm business. Environmental scientists, ecologists, conservationists, fish and shellfish biologist and all those involved in the preservation of aquatic environments will find much of great use and interest within the covers of this book. Libraries in all universities and research establishments where these subjects are studied and taught should have copies of this excellent and useful book on their shelves. Dr T. V. R. Pillay was formerly Programme Director, Aquaculture Development and Coordination Programme, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.