The Variable Effects Of Perceived Discrimination
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The Variable Effects Of Perceived Discrimination
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Author : Stefanie C. Wellons
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
The Variable Effects Of Perceived Discrimination written by Stefanie C. Wellons and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Hispanic Americans categories.
Effects Of Perceived Discrimination On Mental Health
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Author : Marnie Salupo Rodriguez
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Effects Of Perceived Discrimination On Mental Health written by Marnie Salupo Rodriguez and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Discrimination categories.
Effects Of Perceived Discrimination
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Author : David Michael Tom
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Effects Of Perceived Discrimination written by David Michael Tom and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with African Americans categories.
Abstract: Only within the past 30 years have psychologists begun to systematically examine the effects of perceived discrimination (PD) on stigmatized individuals. Since then, the research has offered a variety of findings that may initially seem to contradict one another. The majority of research conducted within a feedback-oriented paradigm has found that perceiving discrimination can help individuals externalize reasons for failure, therefore buffering self-esteem and well-being. Other lines of research have suggested that attributions to prejudice across time and contexts ultimately have deleterious effects on well-being, in spite of whatever short-term gains may result from externalizing failure. A recent structural equation model examining the effects of perceived discrimination has examined two paradoxical effects; (a) social rejection and (b) identification with one's in-group. While social rejection was found to be inversely related to well-being, ethnic identification was found to buffer the relationship between PD and well-being. By specifying both positive and negative consequences to PD, the Rejection-Identification Model (RIM) provided a deeper understanding of the complexity involved with stigmatization and the struggle faced by those targeted by discrimination. While the RIM has provided new insights and elucidated several key pathways in the formation of well-being, the model can be improved by incorporating current theory. First, the current study proposes that perceived discrimination only affects collective well-being directly, since discrimination, when perceived as motivated by racial prejudice, is an attack on a person's group-level identity. Any consequences to one's personal identity are thought to be indirect and likely mediated by collective well-being. Second, research stemming from Social Identity Theory suggests that collective well-being and personal well-being are interrelated; therefore, in so far as perceived discrimination affects well-being, collective well-being should have a direct effect on personal well-being. Additional limitations of the perceived discrimination literature include a paucity of research about how Asian Americans are affected by discrimination, inadequate sample sizes rendering poor power for modeling analyses, and an over-reliance on psychology undergraduate students for participants. Based on these findings, a refinement of the Rejection-Identification Model was proposed and fitted to data collected from 421 African American and Asian American participants. The participants were drawn from both undergraduate psychology classes and the community at-large. Structural equation modeling analyses indicated that the hypothesized alterations to the RIM (RIM-Altered) produced the best fitting model. Consistent with the hypotheses of the study, perceived discrimination was not found to affect personal well-being directly and collective well-being was found to have a direct effect on personal well-being. Racial/ethnic group comparisons and sample comparisons suggested that the RIM-Altered fit both Asian American and African American sub-samples equally well, but that the RIM-Altered fit the college student sample significantly better than the community sample. Limitations, implications, and directions for future research are discussed.
Perceived Discrimination Work Attitudes And Labor Market Experience
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Author : Brian E. Becker
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1980
Perceived Discrimination Work Attitudes And Labor Market Experience written by Brian E. Becker and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with African Americans categories.
Perceived Discrimination
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Author : Bohdan Dan Czarnocki
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1967
Perceived Discrimination written by Bohdan Dan Czarnocki and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1967 with Attitude (Psychology) categories.
Racial Identity Perceived Discrimination And Health Behaviors Among Black Primary Care Patients Who Use Substances
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Author : Leah E. Squires
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Racial Identity Perceived Discrimination And Health Behaviors Among Black Primary Care Patients Who Use Substances written by Leah E. Squires and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
Abstract: Blacks who use substances are at heightened risk for health problems. Although negative health outcomes are influenced by several factors related to drug use, these individuals also experience multiple sources of discrimination that may contribute to poor health. Previous work has identified associations between indices of perceived discrimination and health. However, there has been no research examining the relative influence of multiple sources of perceived discrimination on health risk behaviors of Blacks who use substances. The primary aim of this study was to examine how multiple types of discrimination and racial identity centrality contribute to the health risk behaviors of Blacks who use substances.A sample of 279 (203 Black) primary care patients who endorsed substance use completed measures of discrimination, racial identity and health risk behaviors. Outcomes of interest were hazardous drinking, smoking, unprotected sex and low physical activity. Two models were tested by logistic regression: (1) a direct effects model, which proposes unique predictive effects of racial identity centrality and discrimination indices on health risk behaviors, and (2) a buffering model, which proposes racial identity centrality moderates the association between perceived discrimination and health risk behavior.Analyses provided limited support for either model. Single variable effects were not observed. Two interactions were significant. Among those experiencing racial discrimination in health care settings, high centrality was protective against low physical activity. In contrast, among those reporting everyday discrimination, high centrality increased the likelihood of unprotected sex.The current study provided limited support for the hypothesis that perceived discrimination contributes to health risk behaviors among Blacks who use substances. Limited variability in discrimination ratings and health risk outcomes may have obscured the ability to detect main effects of discrimination. Given the number of other factors that contribute to health risk behaviors in this population, the perceived discrimination variables assessed may not have a significant impact on health risk behaviors. Examining these models among Black patients who are not substance users may yield different results. Future work on the influence of discrimination on health may benefit from exploring additional factors, such as stress, in multivariable models.
Measuring Racial Discrimination
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2004-07-24
Measuring Racial Discrimination written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-07-24 with Social Science categories.
Many racial and ethnic groups in the United States, including blacks, Hispanics, Asians, American Indians, and others, have historically faced severe discriminationâ€"pervasive and open denial of civil, social, political, educational, and economic opportunities. Today, large differences among racial and ethnic groups continue to exist in employment, income and wealth, housing, education, criminal justice, health, and other areas. While many factors may contribute to such differences, their size and extent suggest that various forms of discriminatory treatment persist in U.S. society and serve to undercut the achievement of equal opportunity. Measuring Racial Discrimination considers the definition of race and racial discrimination, reviews the existing techniques used to measure racial discrimination, and identifies new tools and areas for future research. The book conducts a thorough evaluation of current methodologies for a wide range of circumstances in which racial discrimination may occur, and makes recommendations on how to better assess the presence and effects of discrimination.
Perceived Discrimination And Health
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Author : Christine V. Hochbaum
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Perceived Discrimination And Health written by Christine V. Hochbaum and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Discrimination categories.
Integrating Personality And African American Racial Ethnic Identity In A Comprehensive Model Of Perceived Discrimination And Well Being
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Author : Quaneecia L. Rainey
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Integrating Personality And African American Racial Ethnic Identity In A Comprehensive Model Of Perceived Discrimination And Well Being written by Quaneecia L. Rainey and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with African Americans categories.
Discrimination And Participation
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Author : Kathryn Anne Cooper
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Discrimination And Participation written by Kathryn Anne Cooper and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
This dissertation seeks to further understand predictors of political participation in the United States by examining the effect of perceived gender discrimination on women's political activity. While much research has been done on causes of political participation, there are still gaps in our knowledge of predictors of political activity. Therefore, this study attempts to determine another potential predictor of women's political participation. This study examines the effect of gender discrimination on women's political activity by conducting and analyzing an experimental survey in which respondents are either treated with exposure to gender discrimination or are part of a control group in which they are not exposed to it. I argue that women who are exposed to gender discrimination should be more likely than women who are not exposed to gender discrimination to be active in politics. I also argue that a sense of gender consciousness is the intervening variable in this relationship; exposure to gender discrimination will only result in higher levels of political activity if women also have a sense of gender consciousness. The results of this study indicate that women who are exposed to gender discrimination and feel a sense of gender consciousness are more likely than women who are not exposed to gender discrimination or are not gender conscious to say they will be more active in political activities in the future.