Thermodynamics Of Point Defects And Their Relation With Bulk Properties
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Thermodynamics Of Point Defects And Their Relation With Bulk Properties
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Author : P.A. Varotsos
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2013-10-22
Thermodynamics Of Point Defects And Their Relation With Bulk Properties written by P.A. Varotsos and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-22 with Science categories.
Defects in Solids, Volume 14: Thermodynamics of Point Defects and Their Relation with Bulk Properties focuses on the methodologies, approaches, and reactions involved in the study of point defects in solids. The book first offers information on thermodynamic functions and formation of vacancies. Topics include parameters from the comparison with isochoric perfect crystal; relation between isobaric and isochoric parameters; temperature dependence of thermodynamic functions of solids; and statistical approach to vacancy parameters. The text then ponders on the formation of other point defects, migration, and thermodynamics of specific heat. The publication explains the analysis of experiments yielding defect parameters, including X-ray parameters, analysis of specific heat measurements, and ionic conductivity and reorientation of dipoles. The text also takes a look at mixed alkali and silver halides, explanation of empirical laws, as well as explanation of the empirical laws connecting activation entropy and enthalpy to the activation volume and variation of the bulk modulus with composition. The selection is a dependable reference for scientists and geophysicists interested in the thermodynamics of point defects.
Lecture Notes On Equilibrium Point Defects And Thermophysical Properties Of Metals
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Author : Yaakov Kraftmakher
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2000
Lecture Notes On Equilibrium Point Defects And Thermophysical Properties Of Metals written by Yaakov Kraftmakher and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Science categories.
Despite the significant progress in the study of point defects in metals, some important problems still do not have unambiguous solutions. One of the most practically important questions relates to equilibrium defect concentrations. There exist two opposite viewpoints: (1) defect contributions to physical properties of metals at high temperatures are small and cannot be separated from the effects of anharmonicity; the equilibrium defect concentrations at the melting points are in the range of 10(-4) to 10(-3); (2) in many cases, defect contributions to the specific heat of metals are much larger than nonlinear effects of anharmonicity and can be separated without crucial errors; the equilibrium concentrations at the melting points are of the order of 10(-3) in low-melting-point metals and 10(-2) in high-melting-point metals. This book discusses the experimental results and theoretical considerations favoring each claim. At present, the majority of the scientific community hold the first viewpoint. Regrettably, the data supporting the second viewpoint have never been displayed and discussed together, and the criticism of this viewpoint has never included a detailed analysis. Important arguments supporting this viewpoint have appeared in the last decade. It may turn out that just calorimetric determinations provide the most reliable values of equilibrium defect concentrations in metals. In this book, the main attention is paid to equilibrium point defects in metals and their relation to thermophysical properties of metals. Along with a discussion on experimental data and theoretical estimates now available, some approaches are proposed that seem to be most suitable for settling thequestion.
Defects In Insulating Materials Proceedings Of The Xii International Conference In 2 Volumes
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Author : O Kanert
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 1993-06-18
Defects In Insulating Materials Proceedings Of The Xii International Conference In 2 Volumes written by O Kanert and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993-06-18 with categories.
The proceedings reflect the Twelfth International Conference on Defects in Insulating Materials, covering topics on point defects and extended defects including theory and computer simulation in various insulating materials, as well as applications in laser physics, imaging, data storage and radioactive waste disposal.
Defects And Disorder In Crystalline And Amorphous Solids
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Author : Richard Catlow
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Defects And Disorder In Crystalline And Amorphous Solids written by Richard Catlow and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
The study of defects and disorder in solids remains a central topic in solid state science. Developments in the field continue to be promoted by new experimental and theoretical techniques, while further impetus for the study of disorder in solids is provided by the growing range of applications of solid state materials in which disorder at the atomic level plays a crucial rOle. In this book we attempt to present a survey of fundamental and applied aspects of the field. We consider the basic aspects of defective crystalline and amorphous solids. We discuss recent studies of structural, electronic, transport, thermodynamic and spectroscopic properties of such materials. Experimental and theoretical methodologies are reviewed, and detailed consideration is given to materials such as fast ion conductors and amorphous semiconductors that are of importance in an applied context. Any survey of this large field is necessarily selective. We have chosen to emphasise insulating (especially oxidic) and semi-conducting materials. But many of the approaches and techniques we describe apply generally across the entire field of solid state science. This volume is based on a NATO ASI held at the Residencia Santa Teresa de Jesus, Madrid in September 1991. The Editor is grateful to the NATO Scientific Affairs Division for their sponsorship of this School. Thanks are also due to all who participated in and lectured at the school, but especially to the organising committee of A. V. Chadwick, G. N. Greaves, M. Grigorkiewicz, J. H. Harding and S. Kalbitzer. C. R. A.
Earthquake Thermodynamics And Phase Transformation In The Earth S Interior
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Author : Roman Teisseyre
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2000-10-19
Earthquake Thermodynamics And Phase Transformation In The Earth S Interior written by Roman Teisseyre and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-10-19 with Science categories.
A group of distinguished scientists contributes to the foundations of a new discipline in Earth sciences: earthquake thermodynamics and thermodynamics of formation of the Earth's interior structures. The predictive powers of thermodynamics are so great that those aspiring to model earthquake and the Earth's interior will certainly wish to be able to use the theory. Thermodynamics is our only method of understanding and predicting the behavior of many environmental, atmospheric, and geological processes. The need for Earth scientists to develop a functional knowledge of thermodynamic concepts and methodology is therefore urgent. Sources of an entropy increase the dissipative and self-organizing systems driving the evolution and dynamics of the Universe and Earth through irreversible processes. The non-linear interactions lead to the formation of fractal structures. From the structural phase transformations the important interior boundaries emerge.Non-linear interactions between the defects in solids lead the authors to develop the physics of continua with a dense distribution of defects. Disclinations and dislocations interact during a slow evolution as well as during rapid dynamic events, like earthquakes. Splitting the dynamic processes into the 2D fault done and 3D surrounding space brings a new tool for describing the slip nucleation and propagation along the earthquake faults. Seismic efficiency, rupture velocity, and complexity of seismic source zone are considered from different points of view, fracture band earthquake model is developed on the basis of thermodynamics of line defects, like dislocations. Earthquake thermodynamics offers us a microscopic model of earthquake sources.Physics of defects helps the authors decscribe and explain a number of precursory phenomena caused by the buildup of stresses. Anomalies in electric polarization and electromagnetic radiation prior to earthquakes are considered from this point of view. Through the thermodynamic approach, the authors arrive at the fascinating question of posssibility of earthquake prediction. In general, the Earth is considered here as a multicomponent system. Transport phenomena as well as wave propagation and shock waves are considered in this system subjected also to chemical and phase transformations.
Advanced Calculations For Defects In Materials
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Author : Audrius Alkauskas
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2011-05-16
Advanced Calculations For Defects In Materials written by Audrius Alkauskas and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-05-16 with Science categories.
This book investigates the possible ways of improvement by applying more sophisticated electronic structure methods as well as corrections and alternatives to the supercell model. In particular, the merits of hybrid and screened functionals, as well as of the +U methods are assessed in comparison to various perturbative and Quantum Monte Carlo many body theories. The inclusion of excitonic effects is also discussed by way of solving the Bethe-Salpeter equation or by using time-dependent DFT, based on GW or hybrid functional calculations. Particular attention is paid to overcome the side effects connected to finite size modeling. The editors are well known authorities in this field, and very knowledgeable of past developments as well as current advances. In turn, they have selected respected scientists as chapter authors to provide an expert view of the latest advances. The result is a clear overview of the connections and boundaries between these methods, as well as the broad criteria determining the choice between them for a given problem. Readers will find various correction schemes for the supercell model, a description of alternatives by applying embedding techniques, as well as algorithmic improvements allowing the treatment of an ever larger number of atoms at a high level of sophistication.
A Critical Review Of Van
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Author : James Lighthill
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 1996
A Critical Review Of Van written by James Lighthill and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Science categories.
The acronym VAN refers to Drs Varotsos, Alexopoulos and Nomicos, members of a group based in the University of Athens and led by Professor Varotsos (head of the Physics Department) which for over a decade has sought to use electric-field measurements between electrodes buried in the earth to predict earthquakes in Greece over periods of order one month or less. But is such ?short-term? prediction achievable by the VAN approach (or by any other)? This book is an objective collection of the arguments for ? and the counterarguments against ? that approach, intended to help scientific readers arrive at their own answers to this important question, as well as to others (including that of VAN's ?export? potential).
Asymmetric Continuum
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Author : Roman Teisseyre
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-09-24
Asymmetric Continuum written by Roman Teisseyre and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-24 with Science categories.
This book deals with a class of basic deformations in Asymmetric Continuum Theory. It describes molecular deformations and transport velocities in fluids, strain deformations in solids as well as the molecular transport, important in fracture processes. In solids, a separate problem relates to the displacements; their recording, e.g., by means of the seismometers, proves only the existence of the displacement derivatives and not a real displacement. However, the molecular displacements and new fracture criterion including the defect distributions and induced strains are defined in the book too. In fluids, the transport velocities and molecular strains describe the motion processes. The vortex motions are defined by means of the rotational transport; this approach leads to more complicated problems, like the turbulence phenomena. The interaction processes, including the electric and magnetic fields, and some thermodynamical problems and quantum theory analogies help to understand the extreme processes
Point Defects In Materials
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Author : F. Agulló-López
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Point Defects In Materials written by F. Agulló-López and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Science categories.
This text provides an up-to-date coverage of the theoretical and experimental tools required for fundamental studies of point defects, with illustrative examples from a wide range of inorganic materials. On the experimental side a strong emphasis is placed on the powerful resonance and hyperfine methods which give detailed information on defect structures. Theoretical chapters cover statistical and quantum mechanical methods, particularly the computer simulations techniques which are now widely employed. The examples of applications of defect properties highlight the benefits of a controlled inclusion of defect properties for modern advanced technologies. This work provides coverage of the theoretical tools required for defect study, putting strong emphasis on the wide range of experimental techniques needed for analysis. Particular attention has been given to the powerful resonance and hyperfine methods which often give more detailed data than classical methods.
Mechanical Behaviour Of Rocks Under High Pressure Conditions
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Author : Mitsuhiko Shimada
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2000-01-01
Mechanical Behaviour Of Rocks Under High Pressure Conditions written by Mitsuhiko Shimada and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-01-01 with Science categories.
Knowledge of the mechanical properties of rocks at high pressure and temperature is fundamental not only for material science but also for earth science, such as for solving the mechanism of earthquakes and tectonic processes. For example, physical bases of the earthquake prediction based on the rock mechanics have been proposed, and extensive seismological, geophysical and geochemical observations have been conducted to find precursory phenomena before large earthquakes. However, we cannot help telling for the present that we do not have sufficient knowledge of an effective and reliable method for earthquake prediction. The book is mainly concerned with comprehensive source of information on the mechanical properties and behavior of rocks under high pressure that scans current state-of-the-art knowledge and shows contribution in establishing an experimental basis for the understanding of the mechanism of rock deformation in the earth's interior. The book can be used as textbook for graduate students by university teachers to prepare courses and seminars, and for active scientists and engineers who want to become familiar with a fascinating new field.