Three Essays In Agricultural Economics
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Three Essays In Agricultural Economics
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Author : Clement Allan Tisdell
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
Three Essays In Agricultural Economics written by Clement Allan Tisdell and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Agriculture categories.
Three Essays In Agricultural Economics
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Author : Dingqiang Sun
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Three Essays In Agricultural Economics written by Dingqiang Sun and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
This dissertation consists of three essays in agricultural economics. The first essay addresses the impacts of liquidity constraints on household post-harvest commodity sales in China. I present a conceptual framework modeling the impact of a liquidity constraint on household post-harvest grain sales. Using data from China's maize farmers, I find that households with more debt, in general, sell their maize much earlier than debt-free households, thus potentially losing inter-temporal arbitrage opportunities. Segmenting the entire sample into wealthy and poor households, I find that the relationship between a liquidity constraint and post-harvest sales is apparent only among poor households. Using the occurrence of an illness in children or an elderly household member as an instrument for liquidity, I find that poor households in which there were children or elderly with sicknesses are more likely to sell maize early compared to other poor households. The second essay examines the impact of China's food safety standards on its poultry imports. I first describe changes in China's poultry safety standards and discuss unique characteristics of these measures. Then a Heckman sample selection model was applied to China's poultry imports from thirty one exporting countries from 1992-2009. I find that China's food safety standards, in general, have no significant impact on poultry imports from developed countries. Exporters in developed countries already meet more stringent regulations, and they easily comply with China's safety standards at no additional cost. However, a developing country has difficulty meeting the new standards. My econometric results indicate that improved food safety standards in China significantly reduce imports from developing countries.The third essay empirically addresses whether an importing country's use of an antidumping (AD) measure against distorts China's agricultural exports. I first present a simple three-country trade model in which an imposition of an AD duty by a country against an exporting country can distort exports. Using eight AD cases against China's agricultural exports between 1998 and 2006, I empirically investigate trade restriction and trade deflection effects. The results show that imposition of AD duty by an importing country against China significantly decreased China's exports to that country. My analysis also yields evidence that imposition of an AD duty by an importer deflects China's exports of the same product to third-country markets. I further document the heterogeneous effects in trade deflection across different importing countries. The results show that imposition of an AD duty against Chinese agricultural exports is likely to deflect exports to developing countries, rather than developed countries.
Three Essays In Agricultural Economics
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Three Essays In Agricultural Economics written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with categories.
Three Essays On Chinese Farm Economy
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Author : John Lossing Buck
language : en
Publisher: Dissertations-G
Release Date : 1980
Three Essays On Chinese Farm Economy written by John Lossing Buck and has been published by Dissertations-G this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with Business & Economics categories.
Three Essays On Production And Storage Under Uncertainty
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Author : Atanu Saha
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
Three Essays On Production And Storage Under Uncertainty written by Atanu Saha and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with categories.
Three Essays In Agricultural And Natural Resource Economics
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Author : Dallas Wayne Wood
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Three Essays In Agricultural And Natural Resource Economics written by Dallas Wayne Wood and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Three Essays On Environmental And Agricultural Economics
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Author : Jayash Paudel
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Three Essays On Environmental And Agricultural Economics written by Jayash Paudel and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
The dissertation gathers empirical evidence from several data sources in the United States and Nepal to provide a better understanding of the linkage between agriculture and the environment. The first essay examines the impact of fertilizer use on water quality using over 2.9 million pollution readings on nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in water sites across the U.S. Findings show that a 10% increase in the use of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers leads to a 1.47% increase in the concentration of nitrogen and a 1.68% increase in the concentration of phosphorus, respectively. Results also indicate that there exists heterogeneity in nutrient pollution elasticity estimates across 18 water resource regions. The second essay presents empirical evidence that farmers adjust fertilizer application in response to variation in temperature and precipitation trends during the growing season in the corn belt of the United States. Estimates indicate that farmers increase nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer use by 0.172% and 0.238% in response to moderate heat. However, farmers decrease nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer application by 0.260% and 0.323% in response to temperature exceeding a threshold that leads to damaging effects on crop production. I further find that farmers will apply 37.41% more nitrogen fertilizers by mid-century when compared to a world without climate change, leading to deterioration of water quality. I show that the resulting nutrient runoff will increase nitrogen and phosphorus pollution by 9.72% and 12.91% under a business-as-usual scenario. The final essay studies the impact of a fertilizer subsidy program in the Hills region of Nepal that aims to enhance agricultural yields of smallholder farmers. Using data from household surveys conducted before and after the program, I apply difference-in-differences estimation to show that the subsidy, on average, leads to a 38.7% increase in fertilizer use among eligible households. However, compared to farmers with larger plot sizes, smallholder farmers experience a 12.1% decrease in the use of chemical fertilizers and a 21.2% decrease in agricultural yield after the subsidy program. I discuss how fertilizer supply shortages and varying access to the subsidy contribute to the negative impact of the subsidy program among smallholder farmers.
Three Essays On Agricultural Policy And Development Economics
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Three Essays On Agricultural Policy And Development Economics written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
This dissertation analyzes three agricultural policies that have been implemented over the last decade in many developing countries. Although my analysis will be based on the Ethiopian and Colombian experiences, results can apply to other experiences in the developing countries. The first chapter analyzes how agricultural cooperatives in Ethiopia may benefit households in rural environments. In particular, I explore whether agricultural cooperatives in Ethiopia increase agricultural performance (i.e., profits per hectare and technical efficiency) and facilitate the use of different types of technologies. I find that cooperatives increase agricultural performance, and have a positive effect on the likelihood of participation in agricultural extension programs and pesticide use. However, cooperatives have a negative effect on the likelihood of adopting fixed-cost technologies such as soil conservation practices and irrigation systems. The second chapter analyzes the impact of the Public Works (PW) component of the Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP) in the agricultural regions of Ethiopia. In particular, based on a household model with two inputs, I explore the effects of the PW on capital and labor decisions using the Ethiopian Rural Household Surveys (ERHS) from 2004 and 2009. Findings indicate that the PW did not crowd-out adult labor on-farm but reduced child labor. Furthermore, there is no evidence suggesting that the program had any effect on the demand of capital inputs (such as units of livestock and the value of farming tools). The third chapter explores a financial instrument created to enhance agricultural productivity and encourage conversion to export-driven crops. In particular, this chapter analyzes an ambitious agricultural credit program directed to the rural poor in Colombia (Safe Income for Agriculture, or SIA) that hoped to improve agricultural productivity and competitiveness and reduce poverty and inequality. My analysis estimates the correlation of the program with agricultural outcomes at the state and crop level. Data suggest that the program benefited more medium- and large-scale farmers.
Three Essays In Environmental And Agricultural Economics
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Author : Biswo Nath Poudel
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Three Essays In Environmental And Agricultural Economics written by Biswo Nath Poudel and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
This dissertation probes three issues of current interest in environmental and agricultural economics. The first paper provides an in-depth analysis of sedimentation management issue in large reservoirs. The paper provides a new model of sedimentation management and conditional on assumed primitives of the model, analyses different scenarios under which sedimentation removal may increase or decrease. The paper also provides insights on how temperature fluctuation, increased sedimentation arrival in the reservoir and change in the perception of large reservoirs among the public may affect the sustainability and management of the large reservoir. The second paper looks at the data from the Latin American countries to search for the presence of Environmental Kuznets Curve(EKC) in Latin America. The paper is also one of the earliest papers to use forestry data and semiparametric approach in finding EKC. The paper finds no evidence of EKC in Latin America as a whole, and in general finds that EKC is sensitive to the region of choice. The third paper carries out an an empirical investigation to test for the convergence of total factor productivity(TFP) of agricultural sector in the United States. The investigation does not find any evidence of convergence while looking at the U.S. state-level agricultural TFP at the aggregate level. However, it finds support for convergence within some of the clusters or within some of the regions. The paper takes a new approach in grouping states, which makes it different from other papers where ad hoc grouping of states was done. In this paper, such approach is abandoned in favor of a cluster analysis approach that relies on data to form "clusters". Cluster analysis approach finds that convergence in the regional level (cluster) does not improve significantly compared to the findings by a wellknown previously published study which didn't use cluster analysis approach.
Three Essays On Agricultural Development And Environmental Economics In China
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Author : Wangyang Lai
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Three Essays On Agricultural Development And Environmental Economics In China written by Wangyang Lai and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Agriculture categories.
In the first chapter, I investigate the effect of land fragmentation on machinery use as well as the effect of machinery use on crop production. The data come from a farm survey in Hebei and Shandong provinces in 2008. Endogeneity is addressed by utilizing land fragmentation due to previous long-term land assignment as an instrument and first difference estimation between normalized wheat and corn output from the same plots in the same year. The main results indicate that consolidating an average farm of 0.31 hectares from 2.28 plots to one plot increases machinery use by about 10%. Further, a 10% increase of machinery use increases crop production between 0.5% and 1%.