Three Essays On Heterogeneous Firms And International Trade
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Three Essays On Heterogeneous Firms And International Trade
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Three Essays On Heterogeneous Firms And International Trade written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Three Essays On Heterogeneous Firms And International Trade
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Author : Tse-Chien Hsu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Three Essays On Heterogeneous Firms And International Trade written by Tse-Chien Hsu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
Three Essays On Heterogeneous Firms Financial Factors And International Trade
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Author : Haeng-Sun Kim
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Three Essays On Heterogeneous Firms Financial Factors And International Trade written by Haeng-Sun Kim and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
This thesis emphasizes the role of firm heterogeneity in financial factors and their impact on exporting decisions or off-shoring decisions, and apply it to three different issues : the relationship between firms' leverage and export market participation ; the differential impact of uncertainty on exporting decision in risk-averse and risk-taking firms ; and financial characteristics of firms and relocation choice. The first chapter introduces a financial dimension as an additional source of firm heterogeneity to understand export market participation and examines how the impact of leverage on firms' exporting decisions varies depending on financial constraints, using a panel of korean manufacturing firms over the period of 1994-2011. It shows that the financially-constrained and financially-unconstrained firms base their exporting decision on a different set of rules regarding the leverage. Second, most of the existing literature which examines the links between firm heterogeneity and entry into exporting rests on the assumption that firms are risk-neutral. The second chapter relaxes a strict assumption that firms are risk-neutral and intends to introduce firms' different attitudes towards risk as an additional source of firm heterogeneity. In particular, it examines how risk attitude changes the effect of uncertainty on firms' decision to export, considering two aspect s: firm-specific uncertainty and macroeconomic uncertainty. The third chapter pays attention that fdi can fuel international trade in complicated ways. It intends to consider firms' financial constraints and ownership status as an additional source of firm heterogeneity that impact their offshoring decision.
Three Essays In International Trade
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Author : Thomas Chaney
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Three Essays In International Trade written by Thomas Chaney and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with categories.
(Cont.) This model provides some argument for competitive revaluations. In chapter 3, I build a dynamic model of trade with heterogeneous firms which extends the work of Melitz (2003). As countries open up to trade, they will experience a productivity overshooting. Aggregate productivity increases in the long run, but it increases even more so in the short run. When trade opens up, there are too many firms, inherited from the autarky era. The most productive foreign firms enter the domestic market. Competition is fierce. The least productive firms that are no more profitable are forced to stop production. Not only do the most productive firms increase their size because they export, but the least productive firms stop producing altogether. Aggregate productivity soars. As time goes by, firms start to exit because of age. Competition softens. Some less productive firms resume production. This pulls down aggregate productivity. The slower the exit of firms, the larger this overshooting phenomenon. This model also predicts that the price compression that accompanies trade opening may be dampened in the long run. It also predicts that inequalities should increase at the time when a country opens up to trade, and then gradually recede in the long run.
Essays On Firm Heterogeneity And Quality In International Trade
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Author : Eddy Bekkers
language : en
Publisher: Rozenberg Publishers
Release Date : 2008
Essays On Firm Heterogeneity And Quality In International Trade written by Eddy Bekkers and has been published by Rozenberg Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
The thesis is organized as follows. Chapter 2 contains a survey of the three most in‡fluential models on fi…rm heterogeneity and of the most important empirical work on firrm heterogeneity. The chapter starts with a brief review of the homogeneous productivity imperfect competition literature. Chapter 2 …finishes with a comparison of the three most in‡fluential models of fi…rm heterogeneity and the oligopoly model put forward in the thesis. Chapter 3 addresses exporting uncertainty under heterogeneous popularity. Chapter 4 contains the chapter on …firm heterogeneity under oligopoly. Chapter 5 constitutes the models on …firm heterogeneity and endogenous quality. Chapter 6 points out the within-sector specialization model. Chapter 7 addresses the effect of importer characteristics on unit values and the role of markups and quality to explain this effect. Chapter 8 concludes.
Three Essays On Trade And Mode Of Supply
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Author : Pamela Bombarda
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Three Essays On Trade And Mode Of Supply written by Pamela Bombarda and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Three Essays On International Trade
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Author : Su Wang (Ph. D.)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Three Essays On International Trade written by Su Wang (Ph. D.) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
This thesis consists of three essays about international trade and wage inequality. Essay I characterizes optimal trade and FDI policies in a model with monopolistic competition and firm-level heterogeneity similar to Helpman et al. (2004). I find that both the optimal import tariffs and the optimal FDI subsidies discriminate against the more profitable foreign firms. This is because of the existence of a wedge between the private incentives of exporting and FDI firms, and the incentive of the representative agent. Essay II develops an elementary theory of global supply chains. It considers a world economy with an arbitrary number of countries, one factor of production, a continuum of intermediate goods, and one final good. Production of the final good is sequential and subject to mistakes. In the unique free trade equilibrium, countries with lower probabilities of making mistakes at all stages specialize in later stages of production. Using this simple theoretical framework, it offers a first look at how vertical specialization shapes the interdependence of nations. Essay III proposes a model that has as ingredients heterogeneity of workers and firms, complementarity between occupations within each firm and complementarity between workers and firms/occupations. The competitive equilibrium features positive assortative matching and leads to both within- and between- firm wage variations. Comparative static results are then derived to generate new insights about changes in these components of wage inequality.
Three Essays On International Trade And Regional Productivity
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Author : Hanpil Moon
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Three Essays On International Trade And Regional Productivity written by Hanpil Moon and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Industrial productivity categories.
A firm's productivity is composed of two parts: pure technical change and location-specific (agglomeration) externalities. Regional productivity is thus an aggregation of productivity of firms producing similar goods and located in a given region. International trade can affect both components of regional productivity. First, trade openness in a closed economy may alter its internal economic geography. Some regions which become more attractive to firms than before gain an advantage over others from integration into global markets. Second, as a competition pressure, trade liberalization forces the least productive firms to exit, resulting in the growth of aggregate productivity in the industry. The three essays presented in this dissertation explore the relationship between international trade and regional productivity in the presence of heterogeneous firms. In the first essay, a theoretical framework is introduced in order to describe how the above two channels, through which trade affects regional productivity, shape a country's spatial distribution of productivity. Results show that industries, each having its own cost-minimizing location, can be spatially relocated within a country via heterogeneous trade liberalization across industries. Moreover, trade intensifies localization for each industry since most firms in an industry move to or gather around their industry-specific cost- minimizing location. The consequent clustering of firms generates additional localization economies. More importantly, the intensification of localization economies can slow or delay the selection process, i.e. exit of low productivity firms, following trade liberalization. These findings suggest that trade openness induces significant industrial and spatial dynamics (entry, exit and survival) within an economy. The second and third essays are empirical tests on the second channel through which trade openness affects regional productivity using county-level data from Korea and firm-level data from India, respectively. In addition to trade liberalization, regional infrastructure is considered to be another competition pressure for domestic firms, i.e. improved infrastructure in a region induces a similar selection process among firms. These empirical essays investigate the effect of falling trade costs and improving domestic infrastructure on the regional variation of raw productivity using a common methodology. That is, a spatial econometric procedure is applied to a production function framework to estimate total factor productivity (TFP) by region and industry, while controlling for potential external and spatial effects. The mean and alternative percentiles of the regional raw productivity distribution are then specified as functions of international and domestic competition indicators. International competition is represented by trade costs, which are estimated as frictions in a gravity-type trade model, while road density is considered to capture the level of a region's infrastructure. In both Korea and India, it is found that trade costs reduction significantly shifted to the right, particularly the 10th percentile value of, the regional productivity distribution. However, a change in the level of infrastructure appears to bring about a higher change in regional productivity relative to a change in the international competition level. Therefore, the relative contribution of trade costs and infrastructure to regional productivity should be evaluated with attention to the costs underlying these options for regional development.
Three Essays Using Disaggregated Data Of International Trade
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Author : Tadashi Ito
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Three Essays Using Disaggregated Data Of International Trade written by Tadashi Ito and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
This thesis comprises of three empirical essays. The first essay studies the effect of NAFTA on US-Mexico productivity evolution. Introducing refinements on the previous literature in several fronts, it finds no clear evidence for NAFTA's contribution to the TFP convergence, which is in a sharp contrast with the previous literature. The second and third essays relate to the Heterogeneous Firms Trade models. Using NAFTA's case, the second essay shows a positive effect of NAFTA on export diversification of Mexico as both models predict. However, the study supports neither model in terms of its prediction on unit prices of export goods. The third essay classifies export goods into price-competition goods and quality-competition goods. It finds EU countries' high proportion of quality-competition goods and China's high proportion of price-competition goods, but leaves some open questions to be further explored.
Three Essays On Firms In International Markets
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Author : Irene Iodice
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date :
Three Essays On Firms In International Markets written by Irene Iodice and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.