Three Essays On Wealth And Racial Inequality
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Three Essays On Wealth And Racial Inequality
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Author : Stephan Lefebvre
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Three Essays On Wealth And Racial Inequality written by Stephan Lefebvre and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Race discrimination categories.
Racial inequality and wealth are inextricably linked. Wealth gaps are an important dimension of racial inequality. In addition, wealth itself plays a causal role in other dimensions of inequality, including unequal labor market and education outcomes. In the first essay, I estimate the effect of access to extended family wealth on college enrollment and I find a positive relationship. This is important for higher education policies that aim to reduce inequality but fail to account for race and wealth. In the second essay, I estimate the effect of Medicaid on individual assets. Whereas economic theory in the literature predicts a negative effect, I develop a framework that shows how public insurance can increase savings and I present empirical evidence against a negative effect. Finally, the third essay develops an analytical framework called Latinx stratification economics by reviewing the main economic theories applied to Latinxs and demonstrating how stratification economics and Latinx studies may be used to critique the dominant theories.
Three Essays On The Social Context Of Wealth Accumulation And Racial Wealth Inequality In The U S
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Author : Johan Andres Uribe
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Three Essays On The Social Context Of Wealth Accumulation And Racial Wealth Inequality In The U S written by Johan Andres Uribe and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Three Essays On Race And Human Capital
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Author : Daniel M. Kreisman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Three Essays On Race And Human Capital written by Daniel M. Kreisman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
The following presents three essays on racial disparities in human capital investments and returns to skill over the life-cycle. The first chapter, “The Source of Black-White Inequality in Early Language Acquisition: Evidence from Early Head Start, ” addresses the source and timing of divergence in the accumulation of early childhood skills between black and white children. The second chapter, “The Effects of the Jeanes and Rosenwald Funds on Black Education by 1930: Comparing Returns on Investments in Teachers and Schools,” estimates the combined and comparative effects of two large philanthropies targeting rural black schools in the segregated South. The third chapter, “Blurring the Color Line: Wages and Employment for Black Males of Different Skin Tones,” co-authored with Marcos Rangel, tests for wage differentials within race, across skin color, utilizing a measure of skin tone placed in a prominent social survey. Taken together, these essays evaluate the role race plays in inequality above and beyond what can be explained away by racial disparities in wealth, family circumstances, prior education and other comparable measures. Each essay is written from a human capital perspective, drawing on literature in economics, public policy and education, seeking to broaden our understanding of the incongruous relationship between race and inequality in America.
Three Essays On Income Inequality
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Author : Gulgun Bayaz Ozturk
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Three Essays On Income Inequality written by Gulgun Bayaz Ozturk and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Hand In Hand
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Hand In Hand written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Mounting interest in men's family formation decisions and behaviors has paralleled the growing diversity of men's family experiences, which are increasingly stratified by socioeconomic status and racial group membership. Comprised of three self-contained empirical chapters, this dissertation considers men's economic circumstances broadly to further explore the interrelatedness of men's economic capacities and family experiences and its implications for black-white inequalities using data from three nationally-representative, longitudinal surveys. The first empirical chapter considers traditional economic indicators as antecedents of nonmarital first births in early adulthood and investigates whether racial group membership moderates the association between economic characteristics and the transition to fatherhood. Next, focusing on wealth - an aggregate measure of economic well-being that is the balance between what is owned and owed - the proportion of the black-white wealth gap attributed to differential participation in and respective returns from the institution of marriage are estimated. Lastly, the third empirical chapter examines race differences in resources available to unmarried fathers through family members and friends, providing an alternative account of the resource realities of unmarried fathers that work in tandem with traditional markers of economic well-being. Key findings suggest that men's economic capacities and family experiences remain strongly linked. Educational and employment-related characteristics influence the risk of having a nonmarital first birth for young black and white men, and the relationship between young, unmarried men's economic circumstances and the transition to fatherhood are generally comparable across race groups. Race difference in men's marital experiences - both in the incidence of marriage as well as in the associated returns - do contribute to black-white disparities in wealth ownership, with marriage not being equally beneficial to both race groups. Furthermore, black and white unmarried fathers have differential resources available through personal networks, and labor market connectedness (earnings and hours worked) and family formation behaviors (number of biological children, non-resident status, and multi-partner fertility) account for some - but not all - of the racial inequality in perceived social support. Taken together, this project sheds new light on the economic underpinnings of men's family experiences and extends our knowledge of the growing stratification of men's family experiences.
Three Essays On Economic Inequality And Environmental Degradation
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Author : Klara Zwickl
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Three Essays On Economic Inequality And Environmental Degradation written by Klara Zwickl and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Rising income and wealth disparities are increasingly viewed as serious economic and social problems, but what are the environmental consequences of an unequal distribution of income and wealth? Are low income neighborhoods disproportionately negatively affected by pollution exposure, and does economic inequality thus manifest itself in environmental inequality? Are poor or unequal communities less successful in collectively organizing local environmental improvements and does inequality thus increase pollution exposure for all residents? This dissertation provides some empirical evidence on these questions. Chapter 1 analyzes regional variations in environmental disparities in US cities. Using geographic micro-data from EPA's Risk Screening Environmental Indicators on industrial air pollution exposure and socio-economic data from the US Census at the blockgroup-level, we find strong empirical evidence for environmental disparities by income and race/ethnicity in US cities. However, we also find some striking regional variations in the magnitude in cities across the country. A finding that stands out across regions is that race and ethnicity are stronger predictors for air pollution exposure in the poorer half of neighborhoods in US cities. Chapter 2 investigates if neighborhood inequality affects the neighborhood's organizing capacities for local environmental improvements, using census tract-level data on industrial air pollution from EPA's Risk Screening Environmental Indicators and income and demographic variables from the American Community Survey and EPA's Smart Location Database. Estimating a spatial model of pollution exposure, we find evidence that overall neighborhood inequality - as measured by the ratio between the fourth and the second income quintile or the neighborhood Gini coefficient - increases local exposure, whereas a concentration of top incomes reduces local exposure. Chapter 3 analyzes the socio-demographic correlates of proximity to fracking wells in five US states. The geocoded fracking well data were merged with blockgroup-level socio-economic variables from the American Community Survey and the Smart Location database; the socio-economic characteristics of neighborhoods with increased proximity to fracking activity were compared. I find that racial and ethnic minorities disproportionately live near fracking wells, and that educational attainments decline with proximity to fracking activity. However, there are substantial regional variations in these patterns.
The Sum Of Us
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Author : Heather McGhee
language : en
Publisher: One World
Release Date : 2021-02-16
The Sum Of Us written by Heather McGhee and has been published by One World this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-16 with Social Science categories.
NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • LONGLISTED FOR THE NATIONAL BOOK AWARD • One of today’s most insightful and influential thinkers offers a powerful exploration of inequality and the lesson that generations of Americans have failed to learn: Racism has a cost for everyone—not just for people of color. WINNER OF THE PORCHLIGHT BUSINESS BOOK AWARD • ONE OF THE BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR: Time, The Washington Post, St. Louis Post-Dispatch, Ms. magazine, BookRiot, Library Journal “This is the book I’ve been waiting for.”—Ibram X. Kendi, #1 New York Times bestselling author of How to Be an Antiracist Look for the author’s new podcast, The Sum of Us, based on this book! Heather McGhee’s specialty is the American economy—and the mystery of why it so often fails the American public. From the financial crisis of 2008 to rising student debt to collapsing public infrastructure, she found a root problem: racism in our politics and policymaking. But not just in the most obvious indignities for people of color. Racism has costs for white people, too. It is the common denominator of our most vexing public problems, the core dysfunction of our democracy and constitutive of the spiritual and moral crises that grip us all. But how did this happen? And is there a way out? McGhee embarks on a deeply personal journey across the country from Maine to Mississippi to California, tallying what we lose when we buy into the zero-sum paradigm—the idea that progress for some of us must come at the expense of others. Along the way, she meets white people who confide in her about losing their homes, their dreams, and their shot at better jobs to the toxic mix of American racism and greed. This is the story of how public goods in this country—from parks and pools to functioning schools—have become private luxuries; of how unions collapsed, wages stagnated, and inequality increased; and of how this country, unique among the world’s advanced economies, has thwarted universal healthcare. But in unlikely places of worship and work, McGhee finds proof of what she calls the Solidarity Dividend: the benefits we gain when people come together across race to accomplish what we simply can’t do on our own. The Sum of Us is not only a brilliant analysis of how we arrived here but also a heartfelt message, delivered with startling empathy, from a black woman to a multiracial America. It leaves us with a new vision for a future in which we finally realize that life can be more than a zero-sum game. LONGLISTED FOR THE ANDREW CARNEGIE MEDAL
The Color Of Wealth
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Author : Barbara Robles
language : en
Publisher: The New Press
Release Date : 2006-06-05
The Color Of Wealth written by Barbara Robles and has been published by The New Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-06-05 with Business & Economics categories.
For every dollar owned by the average white family in the United States, the average family of color has less than a dime. Why do people of color have so little wealth? The Color of Wealth lays bare a dirty secret: for centuries, people of color have been barred by laws and by discrimination from participating in government wealth-building programs that benefit white Americans. This accessible book—published in conjunction with one of the country’s leading economics education organizations—makes the case that until government policy tackles disparities in wealth, not just income, the United States will never have racial or economic justice. Written by five leading experts on the racial wealth divide who recount the asset-building histories of Native Americans, Latinos, African Americans, Asian Americans, and European Americans, this book is a uniquely comprehensive multicultural history of American wealth. With its focus on public policies—how, for example, many post–World War II GI Bill programs helped whites only—The Color of Wealth is the first book to demonstrate the decisive influence of government on Americans’ net worth.
Causes And Consequences Of Income Inequality
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Author : Ms.Era Dabla-Norris
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2015-06-15
Causes And Consequences Of Income Inequality written by Ms.Era Dabla-Norris and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-15 with Business & Economics categories.
This paper analyzes the extent of income inequality from a global perspective, its drivers, and what to do about it. The drivers of inequality vary widely amongst countries, with some common drivers being the skill premium associated with technical change and globalization, weakening protection for labor, and lack of financial inclusion in developing countries. We find that increasing the income share of the poor and the middle class actually increases growth while a rising income share of the top 20 percent results in lower growth—that is, when the rich get richer, benefits do not trickle down. This suggests that policies need to be country specific but should focus on raising the income share of the poor, and ensuring there is no hollowing out of the middle class. To tackle inequality, financial inclusion is imperative in emerging and developing countries while in advanced economies, policies should focus on raising human capital and skills and making tax systems more progressive.
Measuring Racial Discrimination
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2004-07-24
Measuring Racial Discrimination written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-07-24 with Social Science categories.
Many racial and ethnic groups in the United States, including blacks, Hispanics, Asians, American Indians, and others, have historically faced severe discriminationâ€"pervasive and open denial of civil, social, political, educational, and economic opportunities. Today, large differences among racial and ethnic groups continue to exist in employment, income and wealth, housing, education, criminal justice, health, and other areas. While many factors may contribute to such differences, their size and extent suggest that various forms of discriminatory treatment persist in U.S. society and serve to undercut the achievement of equal opportunity. Measuring Racial Discrimination considers the definition of race and racial discrimination, reviews the existing techniques used to measure racial discrimination, and identifies new tools and areas for future research. The book conducts a thorough evaluation of current methodologies for a wide range of circumstances in which racial discrimination may occur, and makes recommendations on how to better assess the presence and effects of discrimination.