Toxicity And Autophagy In Neurodegenerative Disorders
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Toxicity And Autophagy In Neurodegenerative Disorders
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Author : José M. Fuentes
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-05-04
Toxicity And Autophagy In Neurodegenerative Disorders written by José M. Fuentes and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-04 with Medical categories.
Comprehensive overview of different aspects of autophagy as it relates to neurodegenerative diseases. The pathogenesis of the main neurodegenerative disorders includes either the accumulation of altered or misfolded proteins or exposure to several toxics. Autophagy constitute one of the two principal cellular pathways implicate in the clearance of these material and can serve as a neuroprotective mechanism. Topics include: the role of autophagy in the brain, the role of autophagy in the principal neurodegenerative disorders, and the mechanism by which different molecules cause neurotoxicity and the role autophagy plays.
Autophagy
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Author : Tomohiro Kabuta
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-07-29
Autophagy written by Tomohiro Kabuta and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-29 with Medical categories.
To date, three forms of autophagy – macroautophagy, microautophagy, and chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) – have been identified. Recently, we discovered a novel type of autophagy, “RNautophagy,” in which RNA is taken up directly into lysosomes for degradation. Gain of toxic functions of accumulated misfolded proteins or abnormal RNAs in CNS participate to a considerable degree in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, degradation and clearance of the toxic species by autophagy systems may be important for the maintenance of neurons and prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. We showed that amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-linked mutant SOD1 is degraded not only by the proteasome but also by macroautophagy, and that macroautophagy reduces mutant SOD1-mediated toxicity. We found that Parkinson’s disease-associated mutant UCH-L1 interacts with LAMP-2A and Hsc70, which are the components of CMA machinery, and inhibits CMA. Because RNAs containing aberrant repeats are thought to cause some of ALS or spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA), RNautophagy may also play significant roles in the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases.
Autophagy Of The Nervous System
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Author : Zhenyu Yue
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2012
Autophagy Of The Nervous System written by Zhenyu Yue and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Medical categories.
What is autophagy? Why would neurons digest parts of themselves through autophagy? How can autophagy save the lives of cells under some conditions, but act as an accomplice to cell death in others? By what mechanisms are autophagy-related processes dysregulated in neurological diseases, and are there therapeutic strategies to correct or compensate for their dysfunction? This book provides an expert view of major concepts in autophagy research with a focus on autophagy in neurons. Experimental evidence for evolutionarily conserved and specialized regulatory mechanisms for autophagy in the mammalian nervous system will be presented, including recent data on braking mechanisms. Areas of intersection with cell death, the ubiquitin-proteasome system, chaperone-mediated autophagy, and the endocytic pathway will be reviewed, along with emerging areas of mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy) and the autophagic regulation of neuritic/synaptic processes. Advances in delineating mechanisms by which autophagy is involved in the pathophysiology of neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ischemia/hypoxia and lysosomal storage diseases, will be discussed along with current drug development strategies targeting autophagy.
Autophagy In Health And Disease
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2020-06-30
Autophagy In Health And Disease written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-30 with Science categories.
Autophagy in Health and Disease, Volume 175, presents the latest insights from renowned experts in the field who discuss the key role of autophagic responses in the preservation of cellular and organismal homeostasis and how defects in the molecular apparatus for autophagy drive or accompany disease. Specific chapters in this new release include Crosstalk between autophagy and cell death signaling: mechanisms and therapeutic relevance, C. elegans to model autophagy-related human disorders, Autophagy in Kidney Disease: advances and therapeutic potential, Autophagy in Chronic Lung Disease, Autophagy in motoneuronal disorders, Strategies employed by viruses to manipulate autophagy, and much more. Provides an outstanding panel of recognized experts in the field who discuss the latest in autophagy Includes critical discussions of autophagy in the context of each major human disorder Models autophagy-related human pathologies in lower eukaryotes
Autophagy
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Author : S. Tariq Ahmad
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-07-29
Autophagy written by S. Tariq Ahmad and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-29 with Medical categories.
Autophagy is a highly regulated process that promotes vital cellular homeostasis by allowing bulk non-specific degradation of the cytoplasmic contents, mainly damaged and/or surplus organelles and proteins. Autophagy is ubiquitous in eukaryotes, highly conserved from yeast to mammals, and occurs in all mammalian tissues. Historically, autophagy was characterized as the coping response to limited energy resources (starvation), to generate additional biomolecular raw materials. However, research in the past two decades has demonstrated the indispensible roles of autophagy in eukaryotic physiology and pathology with respect to wide-ranging processes such as development, differentiation, aging, immunity, cancer biology, and neurodegenerative disorders. In this chapter, we will provide an overview of the types of autophagy and mechanisms of the autophagy pathway followed by a discussion of the current understanding of the role of autophagy in neuronal physiology, pathology of neurodegenerative disorders, and potential therapeutic approaches.
Protein Quality Control In Neurodegenerative Diseases
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Author : Richard I. Morimoto
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-13
Protein Quality Control In Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Richard I. Morimoto and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-13 with Medical categories.
The health of the proteome depends upon protein quality control to regulate the proper synthesis, folding, translocation, and clearance of proteins. The cell is challenged constantly by environmental and physiological stress, aging, and the chronic expressions of disease associated misfolded proteins. Substantial evidence supports the hypothesis that the expression of damaged proteins initiates a cascade of molecular events that leads to Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and other diseases of protein conformation.
Mitochondrial Dysfunction And Neurodegeneration
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Author : Victor Tapias
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2020-01-30
Mitochondrial Dysfunction And Neurodegeneration written by Victor Tapias and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-30 with categories.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
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Author : Annette Simon
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Annette Simon and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with HEALTH & FITNESS categories.
Neurodegenerative diseases are widespread disorders, with prevalence increasing with age. The first chapter of this book discusses autophagy, a cellular tool for the elimination of proteins that accumulate in neurodegenerative disorders and have pathogenetic significance. Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common degenerative diseases of the central nervous system. Chapter Two examines evidence on impairment of social cognition in patients with PD. Chapter Three discusses how finding the molecular cause of the PD could contribute to early diagnosis, and facilitate the development of effective neuroprotective or modulatory drugs. The final chapter reviews the functional role of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in learning and memory, and how this form of structural plasticity is altered in neurodegenerative diseases known to involve cognitive impairment such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
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Author : Shamim I. Ahmad
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-03-12
Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Shamim I. Ahmad and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-03-12 with Medical categories.
The editor of this volume, having research interests in the field of ROS production and the damage to cellular systems, has identified a number of enzymes showing ·OH scavenging activities details of which are anticipated to be published in the near future as confirmatory experiments are awaited. It is hoped that the information presented in this book on NDs will stimulate both expert and novice researchers in the field with excellent overviews of the current status of research and pointers to future research goals. Clinicians, nurses as well as families and caregivers should also benefit from the material presented in handling and treating their specialised cases. Also the insights gained should be valuable for further understanding of the diseases at molecular levels and should lead to development of new biomarkers, novel diagnostic tools and more effective therapeutic drugs to treat the clinical problems raised by these devastating diseases.
Antioxidants And Functional Foods For Neurodegenerative Disorders
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Author : Abhai Kumar
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2021-01-07
Antioxidants And Functional Foods For Neurodegenerative Disorders written by Abhai Kumar and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-01-07 with Health & Fitness categories.
Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, are a growing problem across the world’s aging population. Oxidative stress in the brain plays a central role in a common pathophysiology of these diseases. This book presents scientific research on the potential of antioxidant therapy in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. This book outlines the roles of oxidative stress and diabetes mellitus in neurodegeneration, describes the molecular mechanisms of neurodegenerative disorders including the roles of environmental pollutants and inflammatory responses, and explores mitochondrial dysfunction. It then describes the protective abilities of antioxidants – including vitamin D, tocotrienol and coenzyme Q10 – against neurodegeneration. The book demonstrates the therapeutic potential of ketogenic diets, and highlights the roles of medicinal plants, phytopharmaceuticals, traditional medicines and food nutrients in neuroprotection. Key Features: Explains damage caused by numerous neurodegenerative disorders and the possible protection offered by antioxidants and functional foods. Describes molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration by oxidative stress, advancing age, diabetes and mitochondrial dysfunctions. Demonstrates protection offered by nutraceuticals, antioxidants, botanical extracts and functional foods. The book contains twenty-three chapters divided into six sections written by leading researchers. This book is essential reading for health professionals, dietitians, food and nutrition scientists and anyone wanting to improve their knowledge of etiology of neurodegenerative diseases.