Trade Policy Reforms Under Adjustment Programs
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Trade Policy Reforms Under Adjustment Programs
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Author : World Bank. Operations Evaluation Department
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1992
Trade Policy Reforms Under Adjustment Programs written by World Bank. Operations Evaluation Department and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Business & Economics categories.
This review of the Bank's experience in support of trade policy reform in a selected group of countries is the first study by the World Bank's Operations Evaluation Department to concentrate exclusively on the Bank's operations and related issues in adjustment lending for trade policy reform. The impetus for the study was twofold: the increasing importance trade policy had acquired in the Bank's structural and sectoral adjustment lending over the years, and the view that the Bank had enough experience in this policy area to provide useful lessons for future lending. While the benefits of trade policy adjustment are gaining wider recognition, several concerns persist regarding the policy design and impact of those programs in the adjusting countries. The study addresses these issues in the context of individual country experience with trade reforms in the 1980s. Detailed case studies were prepared for these countries taking into account the initial conditions prevailing in the country, the design and implementation of the programs, their impact, and their sustainability. The study assesses whether trade policy reforms were complemented by other measures, including macroeconomic, industrial, and financial policies, and whether the Bank considered these links in designing trade policy programs. The main goal is to draw lessons from the cross-section of past experience for suggesting improvements in the Bank's approach to productivity-enhancing adjustment programs.
Lessons In Trade Policy Reform
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Author : Vinod Thomas
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
Lessons In Trade Policy Reform written by Vinod Thomas and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Business & Economics categories.
Trade reform programs have two main objectives. The first is to help raise economic growth and employment generation by improving resource allocation and economywide efficiency. The second is to help improve the balance of payments by strengthening the competitiveness of the external sector and expanding exports and efficient import substitutes. This paper evaluates developing country experience with trade policy reforms and makes recommendations for improving the design and implementaion of those reforms. It assesses the extent and effectiveness of the reforms under adjustment programs in the 1980s, highlighting practical problems and constraints, both economic and politcal. Broadly speaking, it considers three issues: (1) the potential conflicts between trade policy reforms and macroeconomic stabilization efforts; (2) the supply response to trade policy reforms, in the context of export prospects and domestic and external constraints; and (3) the sequencing, timing and duration of import reforms, their relation to internal reforms, and the associated transitional costs. The paper finds that trade policy reform, when implemented well, has contributed to improved economic performance in developing countries. The paper also finds that well-designed trade policy reforms do not conflict with other priorites except in special cases; usually they enhance growth.
Reforming Trade Policy In Papua New Guinea And The Pacific Islands
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Author : Kym Anderson
language : en
Publisher: University of Adelaide Press
Release Date : 2009
Reforming Trade Policy In Papua New Guinea And The Pacific Islands written by Kym Anderson and has been published by University of Adelaide Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Business & Economics categories.
The countries of the South Pacific have struggled to generate sustainable economic growth since their independence. Interventionist policies have failed in the past here, as they have in all other regions. Business and government leaders in this region are now beginning to acknowledge - as has happened in many other developing country regions over the past two decades - that major reforms are needed to put their economies onto a higher growth path. This study examines the growth record of key Pacific island economies and identifies the reasons for their relatively poor performance. It then looks at the process of globalization that is affecting those and indeed all economies increasingly; and the role the WTO has played in that process.
Trade Policy Reform In Developing Countries Since 1985
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Author : Judith Myrle Dean
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1994
Trade Policy Reform In Developing Countries Since 1985 written by Judith Myrle Dean and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Business & Economics categories.
"The recent and apparently broad move towards unilateral trade liberalization in the developing world has not been systematically documented, nor has comparative data been compiled. This study investigates the extent and character of trade reform in 32 countries in South Asia, East Asia, Africa, and Latin America. Changes in tariffs, non-tariffs barriers, foreign exchange controls, and export impediments between the mid-1980s and 1992/93 are discussed. Data are presented on changes in the level, range, and dispersion of tariffs, and coverage of quantitative restraints. Similarities and differences both within and between regions are evaluated." -- Website.
Borrower Ownership Of Adjustment Programs And The Political Economy Of Reform
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Author : John H. Johnson
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1993-01-01
Borrower Ownership Of Adjustment Programs And The Political Economy Of Reform written by John H. Johnson and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.
China has done much to reform its price system, achieve macroeconomic stability, and restore growth. Nevertheless, price distortions remain in three key areas. This study suggests further price reforms for the energy, grain, and transport sectors. It explains why energy price adjustments should have only a modest effect on consumer prices, but a highly positive effect on the economy. It discusses why China may have to reduce consumer subsidies to achieve the necessary reforms for grain prices. The study describes what the government must do to strengthen commodity markets, generate competition, and make allowances for seasonal price variations. China's transport sector has been a critical development bottleneck. The paper reviews tariff adjustments and other reforms that would modernize the transport system and help it meet growing demand. These reforms also would encourage energy conservation and help integrate the national economy.
Restructuring Economies In Distress
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Author : Vinod Thomas
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis US
Release Date : 1991
Restructuring Economies In Distress written by Vinod Thomas and has been published by Taylor & Francis US this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Balance of payments categories.
In 1980 the World Bank began structural adjustment lending to its member governments to support broad economic, institutional, and policy reforms. To examine how well this form of lending has worked, this volume brings together leading practitioners and scholars from the World Bank and other financial institutions as well as from government and academia. Their assessments, based on theoretical and practical experience, contribute to the ongoing debate about how best to bring about macroeconomic stability. Case studies of nine countries under adjustment explore how well they complied with loan conditions and how their economies performed before, during, and after adjustment.
Trade And Growth
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Author : Manuel Agosin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Trade And Growth written by Manuel Agosin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Business & Economics categories.
A re-examination of the role of trade policy in development strategies through analyses and five country studies of semi-industrialized economies, this book shows that sustained growth performance is associated with policies geared to the creation of competitiveness in new sectors, rather than to the exploitation of current comparative advantages. This has required selectivity in trade policy and an activist exchange rate policy. The book also places the current trade policy debates in the context of the international policy environment that is emerging in an increasingly globalized world economy.
Analysis Of Policy Reform And Structural Adjustment Programs In Zimbabwe With Emphasis On Agriculture And Trade
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Author : Gordon Sithole
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Analysis Of Policy Reform And Structural Adjustment Programs In Zimbabwe With Emphasis On Agriculture And Trade written by Gordon Sithole and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Agriculture categories.
Adjustment Programs And Bank Support
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Author : Vittorio Corbo
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1991
Adjustment Programs And Bank Support written by Vittorio Corbo and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Ajuste economico categories.
Adjustment should begin with policy and institutional reforms to deal with the ultimate causes of any macroeconomic crisis a country is experiencing. Only when progress has been made in reducing inflation and fiscal and balance of payment deficits should other structural reforms begin - of the public sector, trade and competition, the financial sector, and the labor market.
Economic Policy Reform
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Author : Anne O. Krueger
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2000
Economic Policy Reform written by Anne O. Krueger and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Business & Economics categories.
"Anne O. Krueger has assembled and deftly summarized an excellent set of papers on the major issues in economic reform in developing countries at the turn of the century."--Stanley Fischer, International Monetary Fund The papers and commentary collected in this volume discuss vital contemporary thinking on economic policy reform--in particular, the difficulties that leave so much of the world mired in poverty. Distinguished contributors address issues ranging from education and privatization to exchange rates and telecommunications reform, providing an excellent overview of the current situation and the possible paths into the future.