Unbelievable Errors
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Unbelievable Errors
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Author : Bart Streumer
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2017
Unbelievable Errors written by Bart Streumer and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Philosophy categories.
Unbelievable Errors defends an error theory about all normative judgements: not just moral judgements, but also judgements about reasons for action, judgements about reasons for belief, and instrumental normative judgements. This theory states that normative judgements are beliefs that ascribe normative properties, but that normative properties do not exist. It therefore entails that all normative judgements are false. Bart Streumer also argues, however, that we cannot believe this error theory. This may seem to be a problem for the theory. But he argues that it makes this error theory more likely to be true, since it undermines objections to the theory and it makes it harder to reject the arguments for the theory. He then sketches how certain other philosophical theories can be defended in a similar way. He concludes that to make philosophical progress, we need to make a sharp distinction between a theory's truth and our ability to believe it.
Moral Error Theory
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Author : Wouter Floris Kalf
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-05-30
Moral Error Theory written by Wouter Floris Kalf and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-30 with Philosophy categories.
This book provides a novel formulation and defence of moral error theory. It also provides a novel solution to the so-called now what question; viz., the question what we should do with our moral thought and talk after moral error theory. The novel formulation of moral error theory uses pragmatic presupposition rather than conceptual entailment to argue that moral judgments carry a non-negotiable commitment to categorical moral reasons. The new answer to the now what question is pragmatic presupposition substitutionism: we should substitute our current moral judgments, which pragmatically presuppose the existence of categorical moral reasons with ‘schmoral’ judgments that pragmatically presuppose the existence of a specific class of prudential reasons. These are prudential reasons that, when we act on them, contribute to the satisfaction of what the author calls ‘the fundamental desire’; namely, the desire to live in a world with mutually beneficial cooperation.
Morality From Error To Fiction
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Author : Richard Joyce
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2024-08-29
Morality From Error To Fiction written by Richard Joyce and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-08-29 with Philosophy categories.
We make moral judgments about all sorts of things, both mundane and momentous. But are any of these moral judgments actually true? The moral error theorist argues that they are not. According to this view, when people make moral judgments (e.g.,"Stealing is morally wrong") although they purport to say true things about the world, in fact the world does not contain any of the properties or relations that would be necessary to render such judgments true. Nothing is morally right; nothing is morally wrong. The first part of this book argues in favor of this version of moral skepticism. Moral properties, it is claimed, have features that cannot be accommodated within the naturalistic worldview. Some of these problematic features pertain to the “reason-giving” nature of moral properties; some pertain to puzzles surrounding the notion of moral responsibility. Suppose, then, that we decided that this radical skepticism about morality is correct-what, then, should we do with our faulty moral discourse? The abolitionist presents the most obvious answer: that we should just do away with morality (in the way that in the past we eliminated talk of bodily humors, say). The fictionalist presents a less obvious answer: that we should retain moral discourse even though we know (at some level) that it is false. The second part of this book advocates an ambitious version of moral fictionalism. This book is a sequel to the author's 2001 work The Myth of Morality.
Moral Fictionalism And Religious Fictionalism
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Author : Joyce
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2024-03
Moral Fictionalism And Religious Fictionalism written by Joyce and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-03 with Philosophy categories.
Atheism is a familiar kind of skepticism about religion. Moral error theory is an analogous kind of skepticism about morality, though less well known outside academic circles. Both kinds of skeptic face a "what next?" question: If we have decided that the subject matter (religion/morality) is mistaken, then what should we do with this way of talking and thinking? The natural assumption is that we should abolish the mistaken topic, just as we previously eliminated talk of, say, bodily humors and unicorns. The fictionalist, however, offers a less obvious recommendation. According to the fictionalist, engaging in the topic in question provides pragmatic benefits that do not depend on its truth-in a way roughly analogous to engaging with a novel or a movie. The religious fictionalist maintains that even if we were atheists, we should carry on talking, thinking, and acting as if religion were true. The moral fictionalist maintains a similar view regarding moral talk, thought, and action. Both forms of fictionalism face serious challenges. Some challenges can be levelled at either form of fictionalism (or at any form of fictionalism), whereas others are problems unique to moral fictionalism or to religious fictionalism. There are important questions to be asked about the relationship between these two kinds of fictionalism. Could moral fictionalism be plausible even if religious fictionalism is not (or vice versa)? This is a volume of thirteen previously unpublished papers on the topics of religious fictionalism, moral fictionalism, and the relation between these views.
Moral Skepticism
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Author : Diego E. Machuca
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-10-20
Moral Skepticism written by Diego E. Machuca and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-20 with Philosophy categories.
Moral skepticism is at present a vibrant topic of philosophical inquiry. Particularly since the turn of the millennium, the debates between moral skeptics of various stripes and their opponents have gained renewed force not only by taking account of innovative ideas in moral philosophy, but also by drawing on novel positions in epistemology, metaphysics, and philosophy of language as well as on recent findings in empirical sciences. As a result, new arguments for and against moral skepticism have been devised, while the traditional ones have been reexamined. This collection of original essays will advance the ongoing debates about various forms of moral skepticism by discussing such topics as error theory, disagreement, constructivism, non-naturalism, expressivism, fictionalism, and evolutionary debunking arguments. It will be a valuable resource for academics and advanced students working in metaethics and moral philosophy more generally.
Problems With Prayers
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Author : Stefan C. Reif
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Release Date : 2006
Problems With Prayers written by Stefan C. Reif and has been published by Walter de Gruyter this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Religion categories.
Much of the primary research summarized here relates to Cambridge Genizah manuscripts, a thousand-year-old source that testifies to liturgical (as well, of course, as non-liturgical) developments that greatly predate other source material. When the research is concerned with pre-Genizah history, the Genizah evidence is also relevant since the historian of religious ideas must ultimately decide how to date, characterize, and conceptualize its contents and how to explain where they vary significantly from what became, or is regarded (rightly or wrongly) as having become, the standard rabbinic liturgy sanctioned by the Iraqi Jewish authorities from the ninth to the eleventh century.
Metaepistemology
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Author : Christos Kyriacou
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-09-19
Metaepistemology written by Christos Kyriacou and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-19 with Philosophy categories.
This book contains twelve chapters by leading and up-and-coming philosophers on metaepistemology, that is, on the nature, existence and authority of epistemic facts. One of the central divides in metaepistemology is between epistemic realists and epistemic anti-realists. Epistemic realists think that epistemic facts (such as the fact that you ought to believe what your evidence supports) exist independently of human judgements and practices, and that they have authority over our judgements and practices. Epistemic anti-realists think that, if epistemic facts exist at all, they are grounded in human judgements and practices, and gain any authority they have from our judgements and practices. This book considers both epistemic realist and anti-realist perspectives, as well as perspectives that 'transcend' the realism/anti-realism dichotomy. As such, it constitutes the 'state of the art' with regard to metaepistemology, and will shape the debate in years to come.
Girl On The Best Seller List
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Author : Vin Packer
language : en
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
Release Date : 2011-12-31
Girl On The Best Seller List written by Vin Packer and has been published by Simon and Schuster this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-12-31 with Fiction categories.
The book that damned an entire town FERN FULTON: "I’m the only friend Gloria Wealdon has in this town. How could she write those dreadful things about me and my husband and our daughter?" VIRGINIA FULTON, age 15: "Mrs Wealdon’s a stinker and I’d like to murder her and write a sequel to her book. I’d call it Population 12,359." DR. JAY MANNERHEIM, psychologist: "Gloria Wealdon has simply touched off unpleasantries that in many cases would have exploded sooner or later anyway." MILO WEALDON: "I never realized my wife had such contempt, such loathing for me until I read her book." MIN STEWART: "My family has been here for generations. I consider Gloria Wealdon so vulgar as to be quite beneath contempt." GLORIA WEALDON: "The hell with everybody in this snotty town. They made my life miserable. Now we’re even."
Oxford Studies In Metaethics Volume 18
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Author : Russ Shafer-Landau
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2023-08-03
Oxford Studies In Metaethics Volume 18 written by Russ Shafer-Landau and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-08-03 with Philosophy categories.
Oxford Studies in Metaethics is the only publication devoted exclusively to original philosophical work in the foundations of ethics. It provides an annual selection of much of the best new scholarship being done in the field. Its broad purview includes work being done at the intersections of ethical theory with metaphysics, epistemology, philosophy of language, and philosophy of mind. The essays included in the series provide an excellent basis for understanding recent developments in the field; those who would like to acquaint themselves with the current state of play in metaethics would do well to start here.
The End Of Morality
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Author : Richard Joyce
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-12-18
The End Of Morality written by Richard Joyce and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-18 with Philosophy categories.
According to the moral error theorist, all moral judgments are mistaken. The world just doesn’t contain the properties and relations necessary for these judgments to be true. But what should we actually do if we decided that we are in this radical and unsettling predicament—that morality is just a widespread and heartfelt illusion? One suggestion is to eliminate all talk and thought of morality (abolitionism). Another is to carry on believing it anyway (conservationism). And yet another is to treat morality as a kind of convenient fiction (fictionalism). We tend to think of moral thinking as valuable and useful (e.g., for motivating cooperative behavior), but we can also recognize that it can be harmful (e.g., hindering compromise) and even disastrous (e.g., inspiring support for militaristic propaganda). Would we be better off or worse off if we stopped basing decisions on moral considerations? This is a collection of twelve brand new chapters focused on a critical examination of the options available to the moral error theorist. After a general introduction outlining the topic, explaining key terminology, and offering suggestions for further reading, the chapters address questions like: • Is it true that the more that people are motivated by moral concerns, the more likely it is that society will be elitist, authoritarian, and dishonest? • Is an appeal to moral values a useful tool for helping resolve conflicts, or does it actually exacerbate conflicts? • Would it even be possible to abolish morality from our thinking? • If we were to accept a moral error theory, would it be feasible to carry on believing in morality in everyday contexts? • Might moral discourse be usefully modeled on familiar metaphorical language, where we can convey useful and important truths by uttering falsehoods? • Does moral thinking support or undermine a commitment to feminist goals? • What role do moral judgments play in addressing important decisions affecting climate change? The End of Morality: Taking Moral Abolitionism Seriously is the first book to thoroughly address these and other questions, systematically investigating the harms and benefits of moral thought, and considering what the world might be like without morality.