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Understanding Mathematical Proof

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Explanation And Proof In Mathematics

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Author : Gila Hanna
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-12-04

Explanation And Proof In Mathematics written by Gila Hanna and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-12-04 with Education categories.

In the four decades since Imre Lakatos declared mathematics a "quasi-empirical science," increasing attention has been paid to the process of proof and argumentation in the field -- a development paralleled by the rise of computer technology and the mounting interest in the logical underpinnings of mathematics. Explanantion and Proof in Mathematics assembles perspectives from mathematics education and from the philosophy and history of mathematics to strengthen mutual awareness and share recent findings and advances in their interrelated fields. With examples ranging from the geometrists of the 17th century and ancient Chinese algorithms to cognitive psychology and current educational practice, contributors explore the role of refutation in generating proofs, the varied links between experiment and deduction, the use of diagrammatic thinking in addition to pure logic, and the uses of proof in mathematics education (including a critique of "authoritative" versus "authoritarian" teaching styles). A sampling of the coverage: The conjoint origins of proof and theoretical physics in ancient Greece. Proof as bearers of mathematical knowledge. Bridging knowing and proving in mathematical reasoning. The role of mathematics in long-term cognitive development of reasoning. Proof as experiment in the work of Wittgenstein. Relationships between mathematical proof, problem-solving, and explanation. Explanation and Proof in Mathematics is certain to attract a wide range of readers, including mathematicians, mathematics education professionals, researchers, students, and philosophers and historians of mathematics.

How To Prove It

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Author : Daniel J. Velleman
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2006-01-16

How To Prove It written by Daniel J. Velleman and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-01-16 with Mathematics categories.

Many students have trouble the first time they take a mathematics course in which proofs play a significant role. This new edition of Velleman's successful text will prepare students to make the transition from solving problems to proving theorems by teaching them the techniques needed to read and write proofs. The book begins with the basic concepts of logic and set theory, to familiarize students with the language of mathematics and how it is interpreted. These concepts are used as the basis for a step-by-step breakdown of the most important techniques used in constructing proofs. The author shows how complex proofs are built up from these smaller steps, using detailed 'scratch work' sections to expose the machinery of proofs about the natural numbers, relations, functions, and infinite sets. To give students the opportunity to construct their own proofs, this new edition contains over 200 new exercises, selected solutions, and an introduction to Proof Designer software. No background beyond standard high school mathematics is assumed. This book will be useful to anyone interested in logic and proofs: computer scientists, philosophers, linguists, and of course mathematicians.

Book Of Proof

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Author : Richard H. Hammack
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013-05

Book Of Proof written by Richard H. Hammack and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05 with Mathematics categories.

This book is an introduction to the language and standard proof methods of mathematics. It is a bridge from the computational courses (such as calculus or differential equations) that students typically encounter in their first year of college to a more abstract outlook. It lays a foundation for more theoretical courses such as topology, analysis and abstract algebra. Although it may be more meaningful to the student who has had some calculus, there is really no prerequisite other than a measure of mathematical maturity. Topics include sets, logic, counting, methods of conditional and non-conditional proof, disproof, induction, relations, functions and infinite cardinality.

Mathematical Reasoning

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Author : Theodore A. Sundstrom
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003

Mathematical Reasoning written by Theodore A. Sundstrom and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Proof theory categories.

Focusing on the formal development of mathematics, this book demonstrates how to read and understand, write and construct mathematical proofs. It emphasizes active learning, and uses elementary number theory and congruence arithmetic throughout. Chapter content covers an introduction to writing in mathematics, logical reasoning, constructing proofs, set theory, mathematical induction, functions, equivalence relations, topics in number theory, and topics in set theory. For learners making the transition form calculus to more advanced mathematics.

Understanding Mathematical Proof

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Author : John Taylor
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2016-04-19

Understanding Mathematical Proof written by John Taylor and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-19 with Mathematics categories.

Fundamentals Of Mathematical Proof

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Author : Charles Matthews
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2018-05-05

Fundamentals Of Mathematical Proof written by Charles Matthews and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-05 with categories.

This mathematics textbook covers the fundamental ideas used in writing proofs. Proof techniques covered include direct proofs, proofs by contrapositive, proofs by contradiction, proofs in set theory, proofs of existentially or universally quantified predicates, proofs by cases, and mathematical induction. Inductive and deductive reasoning are explored. A straightforward approach is taken throughout. Plenty of examples are included and lots of exercises are provided after each brief exposition on the topics at hand. The text begins with a study of symbolic logic, deductive reasoning, and quantifiers. Inductive reasoning and making conjectures are examined next, and once there are some statements to prove, techniques for proving conditional statements, disjunctions, biconditional statements, and quantified predicates are investigated. Terminology and proof techniques in set theory follow with discussions of the pick-a-point method and the algebra of sets. Cartesian products, equivalence relations, orders, and functions are all incorporated. Particular attention is given to injectivity, surjectivity, and cardinality. The text includes an introduction to topology and abstract algebra, with a comparison of topological properties to algebraic properties. This book can be used by itself for an introduction to proofs course or as a supplemental text for students in proof-based mathematics classes. The contents have been rigorously reviewed and tested by instructors and students in classroom settings.

Understanding Mathematical Proof

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Author : John Taylor
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2014-03-21

The notion of proof is central to mathematics yet it is one of the most difficult aspects of the subject to teach and master. In particular, undergraduate mathematics students often experience difficulties in understanding and constructing proofs. Understanding Mathematical Proof describes the nature of mathematical proof, explores the various techniques that mathematicians adopt to prove their results, and offers advice and strategies for constructing proofs. It will improve students’ ability to understand proofs and construct correct proofs of their own. The first chapter of the text introduces the kind of reasoning that mathematicians use when writing their proofs and gives some example proofs to set the scene. The book then describes basic logic to enable an understanding of the structure of both individual mathematical statements and whole mathematical proofs. It also explains the notions of sets and functions and dissects several proofs with a view to exposing some of the underlying features common to most mathematical proofs. The remainder of the book delves further into different types of proof, including direct proof, proof using contrapositive, proof by contradiction, and mathematical induction. The authors also discuss existence and uniqueness proofs and the role of counter examples.

Proofs And Fundamentals

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Author : Ethan D. Bloch
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-12-01

Proofs And Fundamentals written by Ethan D. Bloch and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-01 with Mathematics categories.

In an effort to make advanced mathematics accessible to a wide variety of students, and to give even the most mathematically inclined students a solid basis upon which to build their continuing study of mathematics, there has been a tendency in recent years to introduce students to the for mulation and writing of rigorous mathematical proofs, and to teach topics such as sets, functions, relations and countability, in a "transition" course, rather than in traditional courses such as linear algebra. A transition course functions as a bridge between computational courses such as Calculus, and more theoretical courses such as linear algebra and abstract algebra. This text contains core topics that I believe any transition course should cover, as well as some optional material intended to give the instructor some flexibility in designing a course. The presentation is straightforward and focuses on the essentials, without being too elementary, too exces sively pedagogical, and too full to distractions. Some of features of this text are the following: (1) Symbolic logic and the use of logical notation are kept to a minimum. We discuss only what is absolutely necessary - as is the case in most advanced mathematics courses that are not focused on logic per se.

Mathematical Proofs

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Author : Gary Chartrand
language : en
Publisher: Pearson
Release Date : 2013

Mathematical Proofs written by Gary Chartrand and has been published by Pearson this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Proof theory categories.

This book prepares students for the more abstract mathematics courses that follow calculus. The author introduces students to proof techniques, analyzing proofs, and writing proofs of their own. It also provides a solid introduction to such topics as relations, functions, and cardinalities of sets, as well as the theoretical aspects of fields such as number theory, abstract algebra, and group theory.

100 Mathematical Proof

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Author : Rowan Garnier
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996-08

100 Mathematical Proof written by Rowan Garnier and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-08 with Mathematics categories.

"Proof" has been and remains one of the concepts which characterises mathematics. Covering basic propositional and predicate logic as well as discussing axiom systems and formal proofs, the book seeks to explain what mathematicians understand by proofs and how they are communicated. The authors explore the principle techniques of direct and indirect proof including induction, existence and uniqueness proofs, proof by contradiction, constructive and non-constructive proofs, etc. Many examples from analysis and modern algebra are included. The exceptionally clear style and presentation ensures that the book will be useful and enjoyable to those studying and interested in the notion of mathematical "proof."

Understanding Mathematical Proof

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