Urbanization Is Transforming Agrifood Systems Across The Rural Urban Continuum Creating Challenges And Opportunities To Access Affordable Healthy Diets
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Urbanization Is Transforming Agrifood Systems Across The Rural Urban Continuum Creating Challenges And Opportunities To Access Affordable Healthy Diets
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Author : De Bruin, S., Holleman, C.
language : en
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 2023-10-12
Urbanization Is Transforming Agrifood Systems Across The Rural Urban Continuum Creating Challenges And Opportunities To Access Affordable Healthy Diets written by De Bruin, S., Holleman, C. and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-10-12 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This background paper to The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2023 discusses the dynamics and drivers of urbanization, the associated changes in agrifood systems and the corresponding risks and opportunities to ensuring access to affordable healthy diets for all. The paper is based on a systematic review and meta-analysis of evidence from scientific papers and informed by new analyses conducted for the 2023 edition of The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World. A conceptual framework is presented for understanding the different pathways through which urbanization is driving changes in agrifood systems across the rural–urban continuum, and is, in turn, affecting access to affordable healthy diets.
The State Of Food Security And Nutrition In The World 2023
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Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
language : en
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 2023-07-12
The State Of Food Security And Nutrition In The World 2023 written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-07-12 with Political Science categories.
This report provides an update on global progress towards the targets of ending hunger (SDG Target 2.1) and all forms of malnutrition (SDG Target 2.2) and estimates on the number of people who are unable to afford a healthy diet. Since its 2017 edition, this report has repeatedly highlighted that the intensification and interaction of conflict, climate extremes and economic slowdowns and downturns, combined with highly unaffordable nutritious foods and growing inequality, are pushing us off track to meet the SDG 2 targets. However, other important megatrends must also be factored into the analysis to fully understand the challenges and opportunities for meeting the SDG 2 targets. One such megatrend, and the focus of this year’s report, is urbanization. New evidence shows that food purchases in some countries are no longer high only among urban households but also among rural households. Consumption of highly processed foods is also increasing in peri-urban and rural areas of some countries. These changes are affecting people’s food security and nutrition in ways that differ depending on where they live across the rural–urban continuum. This timely and relevant theme is aligned with the United Nations General Assembly-endorsed New Urban Agenda, and the report provides recommendations on the policies, investments and actions needed to address the challenges of agrifood systems transformation under urbanization and to enable opportunities for ensuring access to affordable healthy diets for everyone.
Analysis Of Food Demand And Supply Across The Rural Urban Continuum For Selected Countries In Africa
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Author : Dolislager, M.J.
language : en
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 2023-12-15
Analysis Of Food Demand And Supply Across The Rural Urban Continuum For Selected Countries In Africa written by Dolislager, M.J. and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-15 with Political Science categories.
This background paper to The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2023 analyses a key element of agrifood systems transformation: the change of patterns in food supply and demand. Several studies have discussed this topic, but the current one takes an innovative perspective of analysis, considering these changes with a spatial perspective using the urban rural catchment areas (URCA) approach to analyse changes in food expenditure across the rural–urban continuum, using Living Standards Measurement Studies (LSMS) of 11 African countries. The analysis is preceded by a literature review of agrifood value chains transformation stages, drivers and current situation, focused in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and is followed by a macro review of food supply around the world and a “macro-meso” review of the supply of wheat and rice in two African countries. The conclusions shows that most food is purchased in all households across the rural–urban continuum, even in rural areas, breaking with the “myth” of rural subsistence farming in Africa. In addition, the results show a diffusion of the consumption of processed foods, including in a lesser extent highly processed foods, all across the rural–urban continuum, and not only in rural areas. From a food supply perspective, the low global availability of foods that are part of a healthy diet, as fruits, vegetables and legumes, nuts and seeds calls for increasing efforts for producing more nutritious foods in all countries of the world.
The Sdgs And Food System Challenges Global Trends And Scenarios Toward 2030
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Release Date : 2024-02-12
The Sdgs And Food System Challenges Global Trends And Scenarios Toward 2030 written by and has been published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-02-12 with Political Science categories.
Progress toward reducing global hunger has stalled since the mid-2010s. In fact, hunger is on the rise again, driven by slowing economic growth and protracted conflict, intensified by the impacts of climate change and economic shocks in many low- and middle-income countries. In addition, food systems worldwide have suffered disruptions in recent years, caused by the COVID-19-related global recession and associated supply chain disruptions, and exacerbated by the war in Ukraine. These factors have also jeopardized efforts at addressing the challenges to food system sustainability. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the related sustainable development goals (SDGs), defined in 2015, recognize these challenges and set ambitious targets to end hunger and all forms of malnutrition and to make agriculture and food systems sustainable by 2030. Many other fora have restated and reiterated these ambitions, including the 2021 United Nations Food System Summit (UNFSS). While governments around the world have subscribed to these ambitions, collectively they have not been very specific as to how to achieve the SDGs and related goals and targets, except for three means of implementation (MOI) involving (i) increases in research and development, (ii) reductions in trade distortions, and (iii) improved functioning and reduced volatility in food markets. This paper is part of a wider effort at assessing the international community’s follow-through on the above ambitions and the related (implicit or explicit) commitments made toward action for achieving them. While not presenting new research findings, we bring together available evidence and scenario analyses to assess the progress made toward the ambitions for transforming food systems, the actions taken in regard of the internationally concerted agenda, and the potential for accelerating progress. The number of hungry people in the world has risen from 564 million in 2015, when the SDGs were agreed, to 735 million in 2022. While declines to between 570 and 590 million by 2030 are projected, this is far above the 470 million projected in the absence of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Ukraine war. The share of the world’s people unable to afford healthy diets is projected to decline from 42 percent in 2021 to a still far too high 36 percent by 2030. On the means of implementation, levels of spending on agricultural research and development have increased, particularly in key developing countries such as Brazil, China and India. However, rates of investment remain too low for comfort, particularly in low-income countries. Also, little progress has been made in reducing agricultural trade distortions and many countries continue to use trade policy measures, such as export restrictions, which have proven to increase the volatility of both world and domestic food prices. We conclude that progress toward the SDG-2 targets has been dismal, and that the food system challenges have only become bigger. But we also find that it is not too late to accelerate progress and that the desired food system transformation can still be achieved over a reasonable timespan and at manageable incremental cost. Doing so will require unprecedented concerted and coherent action on multiple fronts, which may prove the biggest obstacle of all.
2023
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Author : 联合国粮食及农业组织
language : zh-CN
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 2023-10-23
2023 written by 联合国粮食及农业组织 and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-10-23 with Health & Fitness categories.
本报告介绍全球在实现可持续发展目标关于消除饥饿（具体目标2.1）和消除一切形式营养不良（具体目标2.2）这两项具体目标方面的最新进展。本报告表明，2021至2022年间，全球饥饿状况保持相对稳定但仍远高于COVID-19疫情暴发前水平，同时很多地区饥饿形势愈演愈烈，人们仍在苦苦弥补疫情造成的收入损失，受到粮食、农业投入品和能源价格上涨、冲突和/或极端气候的深重影响。本报告还提供最新估计数据，介绍无法全年都有营养、安全、充足食物的亿万民众状况。总体而言，本报告表明，世界各国严重进展不足，难以如期实现各项营养具体目标。尽管本报告发现几项重要的儿童营养指标取得进展，但很多国家5岁以下儿童中超重现象日益普遍，非传染性疾病负担可能进一步加重。 很多国家城市化水平不断提升，本报告表明，城市化推动着全球农业粮食体系变革，不能再以简单的城乡二元分割观念看待发生的变革。城乡连续体的人口集聚模式及其作为人类交流和社会经济交往的纽带作用不断演化，与农业粮食体系彼此相互塑造，在影响健康膳食可获得性和可负担性的同时，反过来也对粮食安全和营养产生影响。最新实证表明，在一些国家，除了城市家庭，农村家庭的食物采购支出比例同样颇高。深加工食品也在一些国家城郊和农村地区逐渐普及。以上种种变革无不影响着人们的粮食安全和营养，这类影响又因城乡连续体中人们所在区域而异。
L Tat De La S Curit Alimentaire Et De La Nutrition Dans Le Monde 2023
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Author : Organisation des Nations Unies pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture
language : fr
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 2023-10-23
L Tat De La S Curit Alimentaire Et De La Nutrition Dans Le Monde 2023 written by Organisation des Nations Unies pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-10-23 with Political Science categories.
Ce rapport fait le point sur les progrès accomplis au niveau mondial en direction des objectifs d’éradication de la faim (cible 2.1 des ODD) et d’élimination de la malnutrition sous toutes ses formes (cible 2.2). Il montre que la faim est demeurée relativement stable au niveau mondial entre 2021 et 2022, mais qu’elle se maintient largement au-dessus du niveau enregistré avant la pandémie de covid-19, et même qu’elle augmente dans de nombreuses régions où les populations n’ont pas encore pu compenser les pertes de revenus occasionnées par la pandémie, ou ont été durement touchées par la flambée des prix des denrées alimentaires, des intrants agricoles et de l’énergie, par des conflits et/ou par des phénomènes météorologiques extrêmes. Le rapport donne également des estimations actualisées concernant les milliards de personnes qui n’ont pas accès toute l’année à une alimentation nutritive, sans danger pour la santé et en quantité suffisante. Il fait apparaître que, dans l’ensemble, nous sommes bien mal engagés pour atteindre l’ensemble des cibles liées à la nutrition. Si des progrès sont observés en ce qui concerne d’importants indicateurs de la nutrition infantile, l’augmentation du taux d’excès pondéral constatée chez les enfants de moins de 5 ans dans de nombreux pays laisse présager un accroissement de la charge des maladies non transmissibles. L’urbanisation progresse dans de nombreux pays et ce rapport montre qu’elle modifie les systèmes agroalimentaires d’une façon qu’il n’est plus possible d’appréhender sous l’angle de la simple dichotomie entre milieu rural et milieu urbain. L’évolution des agglomérations tout le long du continuum rural-urbain et la fonction d’interface que celles-ci exercent en tant que lieux d’échange et d’interactions socioéconomiques modifient les systèmes agroalimentaires et sont modifiées par eux, ce qui n’est pas sans conséquences pour la disponibilité et l’accessibilité économique des aliments sains, et donc pour la sécurité alimentaire et la nutrition. De nouvelles données indiquent que, dans certains pays, ce ne sont plus seulement les ménages urbains mais aussi les ménages ruraux qui achètent une part élevée des aliments qu’ils consomment. Dans plusieurs pays, la consommation d’aliments hautement transformés augmente également dans les zones périurbaines et les zones rurales. Les effets de ces changements sur la sécurité alimentaire et la nutrition des individus diffèrent selon l’endroit où ceux-ci vivent le long du continuum rural-urbain.
2023
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Author : منظمة الأغذية والزراعة للأمم المتحدة
language : ar
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 2023-10-23
2023 written by منظمة الأغذية والزراعة للأمم المتحدة and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-10-23 with Health & Fitness categories.
يقدم هذا التقرير معلومات محدثة عن التقدم العالمي المحرز نحو تحقيق مقصدي القضاء على الجوع (المقصد 2-1 من أهداف التنمية المستدامة) والقضاء على جميع أشكال سوء التغذية (المقصد 2-2 من أهداف التنمية المستدامة). ويُظهر أن الجوع على المستوى العالمي ظل مستقرًا نسبيًا لم بين عامي 2021 و2022، ولكنه لا يزال أعلى بكثير من مستويات ما قبل جائحة كوفيد-19، كما أنه يرتفع أيضًا في العديد من الأماكن حيث لا يزال الناس يكافحون لاسترداد خسائر الدخل في أعقاب الجائحة أو أنهم تأثروا بزيادة أسعار الأغذية، والمدخلات الزراعية والطاقة، والنزاعات و/أو الظواهر المناخية المتطرفة. ويقدم التقرير أيضًا تقديرات محدثة لمليارات من الأشخاص غير القادرين على الحصول على أغذية مغذية وآمنة وكافية على مدار السنة. وبشكل عام، يُظهر التقرير أننا بعيدين عن المسار الصحيح لتحقيق جميع أهداف التغذية. وبينما تَبيّن تحقيق تقدم في المؤشرات المهمة لتغذية الأطفال، يُنذر تنامي الوزن الزائد والسمنة في العديد من البلدان بتزايد أعباء الأمراض غير المعدية. ويتزايد التوسع الحضري في العديد من البلدان، ويظهر هذا التقرير أنه يغير النظم الزراعية والغذائية بطرق لم يعد بإمكاننا فهمها ببساطة باستخدام الانقسام بين المناطق الحضرية والريفية. ويعيد النمط المتغير للتجمعات السكانية عبر التسلسل الريفي الحضري المتصل وواجهتها كمكان للتبادل والتفاعلات الاجتماعية والاقتصادية، تشكيل النظم الزراعية والغذائية، كما يعاد تشكيله من خلالها، مع ما يترتب على ذلك من آثار على توافر الأنماط الغذائية الصحية والقدرة على تحمل كلفتها، وبالتالي على الأمن الغذائي والتغذية. وتظهر أدلة جديدة أن مشتريات الأغذية في بعض البلدان لم تعد مرتفعة فقط بين الأسر التي تعيش في المناطق الحضرية ولكن أيضًا بين الأسر التي تعيش في المناطق الريفية. كما أن استهلاك الأغذية العالية التجهيز آخذ في الازدياد في المناطق شبه الحضرية والريفية في بعض البلدان. وتؤثر هذه التغييرات على أمن الأشخاص الغذائي وتغذيتهم بطرق تختلف بحسب المكان الذي يعيشون فيه عبر التسلسل الريفي الحضري المتصل.
El Estado De La Seguridad Alimentaria Y La Nutrici N En El Mundo 2023
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Author : Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación
language : es
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 2023-10-23
El Estado De La Seguridad Alimentaria Y La Nutrici N En El Mundo 2023 written by Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-10-23 with Political Science categories.
En esta publicación se presenta información actualizada acerca de los progresos mundiales hacia las metas relativas a la erradicación del hambre (meta 2.1 de los ODS) y la malnutrición en todas sus formas (meta 2.2 de los ODS). En el presente informe se muestra que el hambre a nivel mundial se mantuvo relativamente sin variaciones entre 2021 y 2022, pero sigue estando muy por encima de los niveles anteriores a la pandemia de la COVID-19 y también está aumentando en muchos lugares donde las personas todavía luchan por recuperar las pérdidas de ingresos sufridas a raíz de la pandemia o bien han resultado afectadas por el aumento de los precios de los alimentos, los insumos agrícolas y la energía, y los conflictos y los fenómenos climáticos extremos. En este informe también se ofrecen estimaciones actualizadas sobre los miles de millones de personas que no se pueden permitir alimentos nutritivos, inocuos y suficientes durante todo el año. En conjunto, se muestra que estamos muy lejos de cumplir todas las metas de nutrición. Si bien se ponen de manifiesto progresos en relación con importantes indicadores de la nutrición infantil, el aumento del sobrepeso y la obesidad en los niños y niñas menores de cinco años de edad en muchos países presagia crecientes cargas de enfermedades no transmisibles. La urbanización está aumentando en muchos países y en este informe se muestra que está cambiando los sistemas agroalimentarios de formas que ya no podemos entender si consideramos las zonas rurales y las zonas urbanas separadamente. La pauta cambiante de las aglomeraciones de población en el continuo rural-urbano y su interfaz como lugar de intercambio e interacciones socioeconómicas está remodelando los sistemas agroalimentarios, y a su vez, está siendo remodelada por estos, lo que tiene implicaciones sobre la disponibilidad y asequibilidad de las dietas saludables y, por ende, sobre la seguridad alimentaria y la nutrición. Nuevos datos demuestran que, en algunos países, la compra de alimentos ya no es elevada solo en los hogares urbanos, sino también en los rurales. El consumo de alimentos altamente procesados también está aumentando en las zonas periurbanas y rurales de algunos países. Estos cambios están afectando a la seguridad alimentaria y a la nutrición de las personas de maneras que difieren en función del lugar donde viven en el continuo rural-urbano.
2023
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Author : Продовольственной и сельскохозяйственной организации Объединенных Наций
language : ru
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 2023-10-23
2023 written by Продовольственной и сельскохозяйственной организации Объединенных Наций and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-10-23 with Health & Fitness categories.
В настоящем докладе представлена обновленная информация о прогрессе в решении задач по ликвидации голода и всех форм неполноценного питания (задачи 2.1 и 2.2 ЦУР). В нем показано, что в 2021–2022 годах масштабы голода в мире практически не менялись, но остаются гораздо более высокими, чем до пандемии COVID-19, а во многих регионах мира, где население до сих пор не восстановило утраченные после пандемии доходы или пострадало от роста цен на продовольствие, средства сельскохозяйственного производства и электроэнергию или от экстремальных климатических явлений, проблема голода усугубляется. Кроме того, в докладе представлены актуальные данные о миллиардах людей, не имеющих круглогодичного доступа к достаточным объемам питательной и безопасной пищи. В целом приведенная в докладе информация свидетельствует о том, что работа по выполнению всех задач в области питания ведется со значительным отставанием. С одной стороны, достигнут прогресс в выполнении основополагающих показателей питания детей, но с другой – во многих странах растет распространенность избыточного веса у детей в возрасте до пяти лет, что создает риск нарастания бремени неинфекционных заболеваний. Она развивается во многих странах, и, как показано в этом издании, анализа с простым разделением районов на сельские и городские уже недостаточно, чтобы узнать, как она меняет агропродовольственные системы. Изменение характера концентрации населения в сельско-городском континууме и изменение его структуры как места обмена и социально-экономического взаимодействия создает предпосылки для перестройки агропродовольственных систем, которая дает толчок к дальнейшим изменениям в континууме, что влияет на физическую и экономическую доступность здорового рациона и, следовательно, на положение дел в области продовольственной безопасности и питания. Согласно новым данным, в ряде стран покупные продукты составляют значительную долю в объеме продовольствия, потребляемого не только городскими, но и сельскими домохозяйствами. Кроме того, в пригородных и сельских районах ряда стран потребляется все больше продуктов с высокой степенью переработки. Влияние таких изменений на продовольственную безопасность и питание людей варьирует в зависимости от того, в каком сегменте сельско-городского континуума они живут.
Transforming Urban Food Systems In Secondary Cities In Africa
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Author : Liam Riley
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-11-02
Transforming Urban Food Systems In Secondary Cities In Africa written by Liam Riley and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-11-02 with Social Science categories.
Countries across Africa are rapidly transitioning from rural to urban societies. The UN projects that 60% of people living in Africa will be in urban areas by 2050, with the urban population on the continent tripling over the next 50 years. The challenge of building inclusive and sustainable cities in the context of rapid urbanization is arguably the critical development issue of the 21st Century and creating food secure cities is key to promoting health, prosperity, equity, and ecological sustainability. The expansion of Africa’s urban population is taking place largely in secondary cities: these are broadly defined as cities with fewer than half a million people that are not national political or economic centres. The implications of secondary urbanization have recently been described by the Cities Alliance as “a real knowledge gap”, requiring much additional research not least because it poses new intellectual challenges for academic researchers and governance challenges for policy-makers. International researchers coming from multiple points of view including food studies, urban studies, and sustainability studies, are starting to heed the call for further research into the implications for food security of rapidly growing secondary cities in Africa. This book will combine this research and feature comparable case studies, intersecting trends, and shed light on broad concepts including governance, sustainability, health, economic development, and inclusivity. This is an open access book.