Vivencias Y Calidad De Vida Relacionada Con La Salud De Los Cuidadores Formales E Informales De Personas Mayores Dependientes Institucionalizadas
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Vivencias Y Calidad De Vida Relacionada Con La Salud De Los Cuidadores Formales E Informales De Personas Mayores Dependientes Institucionalizadas
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Author : José López Domínguez
language : es
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Vivencias Y Calidad De Vida Relacionada Con La Salud De Los Cuidadores Formales E Informales De Personas Mayores Dependientes Institucionalizadas written by José López Domínguez and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
"El planteamiento genérico de este estudio parte de la inquietud y la reflexión para conocer aspectos relacionados con el acto de cuidar a las personas mayores residentes institucionalizadas. La investigación se centra en los cuidadores formales (enfermeros/as) e informales (familiares), con la intención de buscar aspectos que pueden explicar condiciones de atención de calidad en el momento presente y en perspectivas de futuro. Se defiende que los cuidadores formales e informales son una pieza clave en el cuidado de personas mayores dependientes, para poder hacer frente a sus necesidades diarias de salud, alimentación, higiene, compañía, relaciones sociales y emocionales, e incluso de afrontamiento de la muerte. Cuidar supone ofrecer conocimientos, destreza y habilidades estableciendo una relación de ayuda y confianza, entre la enfermera, el enfermo y la familia. Pero el acto de cuidar requiere esfuerzo, condiciones y actitudes que en su ausencia pueden afectar la calidad de vida de los cuidadores, e indirectamente la de las personas cuidadas. El presente estudio describe las principales características, vivencias, valoraciones y calidad de vida relacionada con el estado de salud, de los cuidadores formales e informales que atienden a personas mayores ingresadas en una residencia geriátrica. Con la finalidad de aportar datos que puedan contribuir a mejorar la atención a la persona institucionalizada en una residencia y a sus cuidadores. La aproximación a este objetivo se hace a través de un estudio, principalmente, cualitativo descriptivo, con algunas aportaciones cuantitativas. El método de investigación que se utiliza se basa en la fenomenología. Desde este paradigma cualitativo el método fenomenológico se fundamenta en la observación de los fenómenos tal como se presentan y la manera en que son vividos por las personas. Así, el estudio se fundamenta en el conocimiento derivado de las entrevistas personales llevadas a término por el investigador con los cuidadores formales e informales de personas mayores dependientes institucionalizadas en residencias geriátricas atendidas por Equipos de Atención Residencial (E.A.R), en Barcelona ciudad, en el distrito de Horta-Guinardó. Los instrumentos utilizados han sido un cuestionario (EuroQol-5D), validado para este ámbito, y una entrevista semiestructurada elaborada por el investigador. Se realizan 26 entrevistas individuales, 13 a cuidadoras formales y 13 a las cuidadoras informales, de personas mayores dependientes institucionalizadas. Para los cuidadores formales, las principales dimensiones estudiadas se centran en los factores sociodemográficos, características laborales y profesionales, concepto de situación terminal, y calidad de vida en relación a su salud. Para los cuidadores informales se incluyen factores como las vivencias del cuidador informal en el proceso de cuidar, valoración del contexto residencial y su auto-percepción de salud. Las entrevistas grabadas se transcriben sobre el aplicativo informático Atlas-ti que sirve de ayuda para la codificación del contenido de las respuestas y posteriores actividades de análisis. Los resultados muestran que los cuidadores formales, mayoritariamente mujeres, son personas jóvenes, expertas y formadas. A los cuidadores formales el cuidado de las personas mayores les es gratificante, y experimentan satisfacción con la vida en general, el trabajo, la familia y las relaciones sociales. La mayoría aprecia la aportación emocional y humana en el cuidar que aportan los cuidadores informales, aunque son críticos con algunas de sus actuaciones. Poseen una buena capacitación profesional tanto a nivel de técnicas de enfermería como a nivel del cuidado de las personas mayores. Expresan manejarse bien en el afrontamiento del final de vida, aunque también expresan que el cuidado de las personas mayores les genera sentimientos de impotencia o pena, y les resulta difícil el control emocional. Las cuidadoras formales subrayan tres términos que valoran como cruciales en el acto de cuidar: crear un entorno amical, hacer sentir como en familia y mantener un buen nivel profesional. La carga de tareas burocráticas es lo que les resulta menos satisfactorio. La información sobre la percepción de la calidad de vida pone de manifiesto que la mayoría de las enfermeras gozan de buena salud o tienen dificultades moderadas de salud. En cuanto a los cuidadores informales, también mayoritariamente mujeres, de media edad y jubiladas, casadas, con hijos. La mayoría con estudios medios o superiores. Todos valoran positivamente a las enfermeras que atienden a su familiar, y les atribuyen profesionalidad, experiencia y saber cuidar. Opinan tener experiencia de cuidar de familiares enfermos. La mayor parte de estas cuidadoras se sienten realizadas, y valoran positivamente los cuidados que ofrecen. Pero también advierten que el cuidar al familiar enfermo comporta, en general, altos niveles de distorsión en su vida personal y familiar, para algunas mujeres representa una doble jornada, desplazamientos, gastos y conflictos emocionales. Definen calidad de vida con aspectos relacionados, principalmente, con las condiciones de vida y de salud. La valoración personal de su calidad de vida pone de manifiesto que es buena. Todas las cuidadoras informales manifiestan que toman algún tipo de medicación relacionada con las enfermedades que padecen, principalmente dolor articular, de espalda e hipertensión arterial. Afirman que se cuidan lo suficiente y su atención sanitaria se circunscribe a las visitas médicas habituales. Manifiestan estar contentas con los servicios que presta la residencia, particularmente por el buen trato de los profesionales. El estudio destaca en sus conclusiones algunos datos socio-demográficos de interés, la importancia de los factores motivacionales y emocionales del acto de cuidar, las opiniones mutuas entre cuidadores y la valoración del contexto residencial, la relevancia de abordar el momento de final de vida y el dominio de los cuidados paliativos, así como el valor de la calidad de vida y la salud de los cuidadores en la atención de las personas mayores. Se espera que algunas reflexiones y cuestiones de este estudio puedan contribuir al diseño de nuevas investigaciones para promover la mejor calidad posible en el cuidado de las personas mayores. Sin obviar las limitaciones del trabajo, se defiende que las conclusiones expuestas cumplen con el propósito de ser productivas y útiles, en el sentido de ofrecer reflexiones que permitan plasmar nuevos objetivos para responder a los nuevos retos que plantea la sociedad en este ámbito." -- TDX.
Home Care In Europe
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Author : Rosanna Tarricone
language : en
Publisher: WHO Regional Office Europe
Release Date : 2008
Home Care In Europe written by Rosanna Tarricone and has been published by WHO Regional Office Europe this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Medical categories.
Demographic, epidemiological, social and cultural trends in European countries are changing the traditional patterns of care. The next decades will see rising numbers of care-dependent older people and noncommunicable diseases as the leading cause of chronic illness and disability. Further, urbanization and the break-up of the traditional large family group will lead to gaps in the care of older or disabled family members. These changes in needs and social structure require a different approach to policy and services in the health and social sectors; a disease-oriented approach alone is no longer appropriate. Home care could be an answer to these issues: a sustainable approach to prevent the need for unnecessary acute or long-term institutionalization and to maintain people in their homes and communities as long as possible. Along with new forms of service delivery organization, technological innovation can represent a viable solution to developing home care in Europe, provided that health care systems can further enhance integration and coordination. This publication is part of the work of the WHO Regional Office for Europe to present evidence for health policy- and decision-makers in a clear and understandable form. It explains why health and social services should provide high-quality and targeted home care for disabled and older people. It provides evidence for the effectiveness of home care, shows how it can be improved, and explains the need to ensure equitable access. The publication also explores the varied cultural and care contexts in different countries, and reveals how to educate professionals and the public about these issues. This booklet seeks to broaden awareness, stimulate debate and promote action.
Cognitive Aging
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Author : Denise Park
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Cognitive Aging written by Denise Park and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Psychology categories.
As our society ages, the topic of cognitive aging is becoming increasingly important. This volume provides an accessible overview of how the cognitive system changes as a function of normal aging. Building on the successful first edition, this volume provide an even more comprehensive coverage of the major issues affecting memory, attention, language, speech and other aspects of cognitive functioning. The essential chapters from the first edition have been thoroughly revised and updated and new chapters have been introduced which draw in neuroscience studies and more applied topics. In addition, contributors were encouraged to ensure their chapters are accessible to students studying the topic for the first time. This therefore makes the volume appealing as a textbook on senior undergraduate and graduate courses.
Mini Nutritional Assessment Mna
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Author : Bruno J. Vellas
language : en
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Release Date : 1999
Mini Nutritional Assessment Mna written by Bruno J. Vellas and has been published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Medical categories.
This book is the first of a new series which will present the proceedings of the newly established Nestlé Nutrition Workshop Series: Clinical & Performance Programme aimed at adult nutrition. Undernutrition is a common phenomenon in elderly people, and malnutrition reaches significant levels in those being in hospital, nursing homes or home care programs. Consequences of malnutrition often go unrecognised owing to the lack of specific validated instruments to assess nutritional status in frail elderly persons. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) provides a single, rapid assessment of nutritional status in the elderly of different degrees of independence, allowing the prevalence of protein-energy malnutrition to be determined and to evaluate the efficacy of nutritional intervention and strategies. Easy, quick and economical to perform, it enables staff to check the nutritional status of elderly people when they enter hospitals or institutions and to monitor changes occurring during their stay. Moreover, the MNA is predictive of the cost of care and length of stay in hospital. This publication will be of immense assistance to heads of geriatric teaching units, teachers in nutrition, clinicians general practitioners and dieticians, enabling them to better detect, recognise and start treatment of malnutrition in the elderly.
Eurohis
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Author : A. Nosikov
language : en
Publisher: IOS Press
Release Date : 2003
Eurohis written by A. Nosikov and has been published by IOS Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Medical categories.
The EUROHIS project has focused on the comparability of health surveys and has uncovered some problems that arise when aiming to compare data from different countries. Similar problems of cross-cultural comparability also arise when comparing data from other sources, such as health registers, and are just as complex and difficult to tackle. One of the main advantages of health surveys, however, is the relatively low cost and time involved in adapting them according to the needs of health policy-makers. This work shows that the output from the EUROHIS project provides common instruments for the measurement of eight health indicators. The development of these instruments has required careful consideration of relevant common concepts and how these should be defined and operationalized. The instruments are freely available for use by all countries, with the aim of enhancing national health information systems and facilitating cross-national comparisons of health data.
Community Based Rehabilitation
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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Community Based Rehabilitation written by World Health Organization and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Medical categories.
Volume numbers determined from Scope of the guidelines, p. 12-13.
Quality Of Life
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Author : American Association on Mental Retardation
language : en
Publisher: American Association
Release Date : 1996
Quality Of Life written by American Association on Mental Retardation and has been published by American Association this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Intellectual disability categories.
Painful Inheritance
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Author : Ronald Angel
language : en
Publisher: Univ of Wisconsin Press
Release Date : 1993
Painful Inheritance written by Ronald Angel and has been published by Univ of Wisconsin Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Family & Relationships categories.
Sociologists from the University of Texas document the impact of gender, poverty, and ethnic and racial minority status on the physical and mental health of children and adult women in families without fathers. They explore the demographics, health- care and welfare policies, and the health effects of the culture of poverty not only on children and their mothers, but also on older women. Paper edition (13964-6), $19.95. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Oration On The Dignity Of Man
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Author : Giovanni Pico Della Mirandola
language : en
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
Release Date : 2012-03-27
Oration On The Dignity Of Man written by Giovanni Pico Della Mirandola and has been published by Simon and Schuster this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-03-27 with Philosophy categories.
An ardent treatise for the Dignity of Man, which elevates Humanism to a truly Christian level, making this writing as pertinent today as it was in the Fifteenth Century.
Care And Care Workers
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Author : Nadya Araujo Guimarães
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2022-01-05
Care And Care Workers written by Nadya Araujo Guimarães and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-05 with Political Science categories.
This book presents an original contribution to the study of care and care work by addressing pressing issues in the field from a Latin American and intersectional perspective. The expansion of professional care and its impacts on public policies related to care are global phenomena, but so far the international literature on the subject has focused mainly on the Global North. This volume aims to enrich this literature by presenting results of research projects conducted in five Latin American countries – Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Uruguay –, and comparing them with researches conducted in other countries, such as France, Japan and the USA. Latin America is a social space where professional care has expanded dramatically over the past twenty years. However, unlike Japan, USA and European countries, such expansion took place in a context of heterogeneous and poorly structured markets, in societies which stand out for its reliance on domestic workers to provide care work in the household as paid workers, in both formal and informal arrangements. CareandCareWorkers: A Latin American Perspective will be a useful tool for sociologists, anthropologists, social workers, gerontologists and other social scientists dedicated to the study of the growing demand for care services worldwide, as well as to decision makers dealing with public policies related to care services. “Society cannot function without the unpaid (and poorly and informally paid) work of caregivers. Having the data – and this book presents this data – allows public policy to be based on the realities rather than on the prejudices, habits, or structural injustices of a previous time about gender roles, class, ethnicity, race, migrant status. (...) This volume not only presents the data, then, but also shows how some countries have begun to innovate to provide solutions to the problem that some people are overburdened by care while others do little of it. (...) Scholars and activists in Latin American countries lead the way in showing both how resistance remains and how to innovate. So the rest of the world has much to learn from this volume.” – Excerpt from the Foreword by Professor Joan C. Tronto