Volcanic Plumes Impacts On The Atmosphere And Insights Into Volcanic Processes
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Volcanic Plumes
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Author : Pasquale Sellitto
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2019-03-21
Volcanic Plumes written by Pasquale Sellitto and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-21 with Science categories.
Volcanoes release plumes of gas and ash to the atmosphere during episodes of passive and explosive behavior. These ejecta have important implications for the chemistry and composition of the troposphere and stratosphere, with the capacity to alter Earth's radiation budget and climate system over a range of temporal and spatial scales. Volcanogenic sulphur dioxide reacts to form sulphate aerosols, which increase global albedo, e.g., by reducing surface temperatures, in addition to perturbing the formation processes and optical properties of clouds. Released halogen species can also deplete stratospheric and tropospheric ozone. Volcanic degassing, furthermore, played a key role in the formation of Earth’s atmosphere, and volcanic plumes can affect air quality, pose hazards to aviation and human health, as well as damage ecosystems. The chemical compositions and emission rates of volcanic plumes are also monitored via a range of direct-sampling and remote-sensing instrumentation, in order to gain insights into subterranean processes, in the respect of the magmatic bodies these volatiles exsolve from. Given the significant role these gases play in driving volcanic activity, e.g., via pressurisation, the study of volcanic plumes is proving to be an increasingly fruitful means of improving our understanding of volcanic systems, potentially in concert with observations from geophysics and contributions from fluid dynamical modelling of conduit dynamics. This Special Issue is aimed at presenting the state of the art of the multidisciplinary science concerning all aspects of volcanic plumes, of relevance to the volcanology, climatology, atmospheric science, and remote sensing communities.
Volcanic Plumes Impacts On The Atmosphere And Insights Into Volcanic Processes
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Author : Pasquale Sellitto
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Volcanic Plumes Impacts On The Atmosphere And Insights Into Volcanic Processes written by Pasquale Sellitto and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
Volcanoes release plumes of gas and ash to the atmosphere during episodes of passive and explosive behavior. These ejecta have important implications for the chemistry and composition of the troposphere and stratosphere, with the capacity to alter Earth's radiation budget and climate system over a range of temporal and spatial scales. Volcanogenic sulphur dioxide reacts to form sulphate aerosols, which increase global albedo, e.g., by reducing surface temperatures, in addition to perturbing the formation processes and optical properties of clouds. Released halogen species can also deplete stratospheric and tropospheric ozone. Volcanic degassing, furthermore, played a key role in the formation of Earth's atmosphere, and volcanic plumes can affect air quality, pose hazards to aviation and human health, as well as damage ecosystems. The chemical compositions and emission rates of volcanic plumes are also monitored via a range of direct-sampling and remote-sensing instrumentation, in order to gain insights into subterranean processes, in the respect of the magmatic bodies these volatiles exsolve from. Given the significant role these gases play in driving volcanic activity, e.g., via pressurisation, the study of volcanic plumes is proving to be an increasingly fruitful means of improving our understanding of volcanic systems, potentially in concert with observations from geophysics and contributions from fluid dynamical modelling of conduit dynamics.This Special Issue is aimed at presenting the state of the art of the multidisciplinary science concerning all aspects of volcanic plumes, of relevance to the volcanology, climatology, atmospheric science, and remote sensing communities.
Volcanoes
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Author : John P. Lockwood
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2022-09-13
Volcanoes written by John P. Lockwood and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-13 with Science categories.
VOLCANOES Since the publication of the first edition of Volcanoes in 2010, our world of volcanology has changed in exciting ways. Volcanoes have continued to erupt (some 61 eruptions with VEI magnitudes greater than 3 have taken place since 2010), and in this revised and updated edition, the authors describe the largest of these, and the ones that have had the most impact on society. Volcanoes, Second Edition, contains more than 80 new photographs and figures to better illustrate volcanic features and processes, with an updated Bibliography that includes important papers describing recent eruptions and new findings. Volcanologic research is improving the foundations of knowledge upon which all our science rests, and we briefly summarize the most important of these advances and new research tools developed over the past eleven years. The most productive of these new tools are remotely operated, constantly monitoring volcanoes and their impacts on the Earth’s atmosphere from space and exploring new volcanic worlds beyond the bounds of Earth. Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs) are now widely available to understand better the most active volcanoes on Earth - those beneath the sea. This superlative textbook will enable students who may never see an erupting volcano to evaluate news stories about far-away eruptions, and to distinguish between overly sensational stories and factual reporting that puts facts in context. Emergency managers, land use planners, and civic officials also need to understand volcanic processes when their communities are threatened – this book will inform and guide them in their decision-making. Avoiding overly technical discussions and unnecessary use of jargon, with the important needs of civil authorities, teachers and students particularly in mind, this second edition of Volcanoes will also be of interest to general readers who are interested in these fascinating and ever-changing features of our dynamic planet.
Volcanism And Global Environmental Change
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Author : Anja Schmidt
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2015-01-08
Volcanism And Global Environmental Change written by Anja Schmidt and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-08 with Nature categories.
A multidisciplinary volume describing the effects of volcanism on the environment, past and present, for researchers and advanced students.
Volcanic Eruptions And Their Repose Unrest Precursors And Timing
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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2017-07-24
Volcanic Eruptions And Their Repose Unrest Precursors And Timing written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-24 with Science categories.
Volcanic eruptions are common, with more than 50 volcanic eruptions in the United States alone in the past 31 years. These eruptions can have devastating economic and social consequences, even at great distances from the volcano. Fortunately many eruptions are preceded by unrest that can be detected using ground, airborne, and spaceborne instruments. Data from these instruments, combined with basic understanding of how volcanoes work, form the basis for forecasting eruptionsâ€"where, when, how big, how long, and the consequences. Accurate forecasts of the likelihood and magnitude of an eruption in a specified timeframe are rooted in a scientific understanding of the processes that govern the storage, ascent, and eruption of magma. Yet our understanding of volcanic systems is incomplete and biased by the limited number of volcanoes and eruption styles observed with advanced instrumentation. Volcanic Eruptions and Their Repose, Unrest, Precursors, and Timing identifies key science questions, research and observation priorities, and approaches for building a volcano science community capable of tackling them. This report presents goals for making major advances in volcano science.
Remote Sensing Of Volcanic Gas Emissions From The Ground Air And Space
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Author : Christoph Kern
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2023-12-18
Remote Sensing Of Volcanic Gas Emissions From The Ground Air And Space written by Christoph Kern and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-18 with Science categories.
Volcanoes And The Environment
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Author : Joan Marti
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2008-01-21
Volcanoes And The Environment written by Joan Marti and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-01-21 with Science categories.
Volcanoes and the Environment is a comprehensive and accessible text incorporating contributions from some of the world's authorities in volcanology. This book is an indispensable guide for those interested in how volcanism affects our planet's environment. It spans a wide variety of topics from geology to climatology and ecology; it also considers the economic and social impacts of volcanic activity on humans. Topics covered include how volcanoes shape the environment, their effect on the geological cycle, atmosphere and climate, impacts on health of living on active volcanoes, volcanism and early life, effects of eruptions on plant and animal life, large eruptions and mass extinctions, and the impact of volcanic disasters on the economy. This book is intended for students and researchers interested in environmental change from the fields of earth and environmental science, geography, ecology and social science. It will also interest policy makers and professionals working on natural hazards.
Hazards And Monitoring Of Volcanic Activity 1
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Author : Jean-François Lénat
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2022-09-21
Hazards And Monitoring Of Volcanic Activity 1 written by Jean-François Lénat and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-21 with Science categories.
The impact of natural disasters has become an important and ever-growing preoccupation for modern societies. Volcanic eruptions are particularly feared due to their devastating local, regional or global effects. Relevant scientific expertise that aims to evaluate the hazards of volcanic activity and monitor and predict eruptions has progressively developed since the start of the 20th century. The further development of fundamental knowledge and technological advances over this period have allowed scientific capabilities in this field to evolve. Hazards and Monitoring of Volcanic Activity groups a number of available techniques and approaches to render them easily accessible to teachers, researchers and students. This volume is dedicated to geological and historical approaches. The assessment of hazards and monitoring strategies is based primarily on knowledge of a volcano’s past behavior or that of similar volcanoes. The book presents the different types of volcanic hazards and various approaches to their mapping before providing a history of monitoring techniques.
Sulfur In Magmas And Melts
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Author : Harald Behrens
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2018-12-17
Sulfur In Magmas And Melts written by Harald Behrens and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-17 with Science categories.
Volume 73 of Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry represents a compilation of the material presented by the invited speakers at a short course on August 21-23, 2011 called Sulfur in Magmas and Melts and its Importance for Natural and Technical Processes held at the Hotel der Achtermann, in Goslar, Germany following the 2011 Goldschmidt Conference in Prague, Czech Republic. It covers Studies of sulfur in melts - motivations and overview, Analytical methods for sulfur determination in glasses, rocks, minerals and fluid inclusions, Spectroscopic studies on sulfur speciation in synthetic and natural glasses, Diffusion and redox reactions of sulfur in silicate melts, The role of sulfur compounds in coloring and melting kinetics of industrial glass, Experimental studies on sulfur solubility in silicate melts at near-atmospheric pressure and Modeling the solubility of sulfur in magmas: a 50-year old geochemical challenge.
Volcanic Degassing
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Author : Clive Oppenheimer
language : en
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Release Date : 2003
Volcanic Degassing written by Clive Oppenheimer and has been published by Geological Society of London this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Volcanic gases categories.