Remote Sensing Of Volcanic Gas Emissions From The Ground Air And Space
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Remote Sensing Of Volcanic Gas Emissions From The Ground Air And Space
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Author : Christoph Kern
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2023-12-18
Remote Sensing Of Volcanic Gas Emissions From The Ground Air And Space written by Christoph Kern and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-18 with Science categories.
Winds Of Change
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Author : John Garratt
language : en
Publisher: CSIRO PUBLISHING
Release Date : 1998-01-01
Winds Of Change written by John Garratt and has been published by CSIRO PUBLISHING this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-01-01 with Science categories.
This book describes the evolution and development of the Division's research throughout the years and the ways in which scientists responded to the needs of the community. Winds of Change also presents a very human face of science, chronicling the personalities, and the highs and lows of scientific research.
Remote Sensing Of Water Resources Disasters And Urban Studies
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Author : Ph.D., Prasad S. Thenkabail
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2015-10-02
Remote Sensing Of Water Resources Disasters And Urban Studies written by Ph.D., Prasad S. Thenkabail and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book is the most comprehensive documentation of the scientific and methodological advances that have taken place in understanding remote sensing data, methods, and applications over last 50 years. In a very practical way it demonstrates the experience, utility, methods and models used in studying a wide array of water applications. There are more than 100 leading global experts in the field contributing to this work.
Recent Advances In Volcanic Gas Science
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Author : Andrew McGonigle
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2020-01-23
Recent Advances In Volcanic Gas Science written by Andrew McGonigle and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-23 with categories.
Volcanoes release gases to the atmosphere both during and between eruptive phases. Primary and secondary processes occurring within the mantle and crust control the gases’ chemical and isotopic compositions as well as their emission rates. Therefore by measuring these gases a wealth of scientific information concerning the source and fate of these fluids is provided. Fluid geochemistry has been highly useful in advancing both our fundamental scientific understanding and procedures for operational volcano monitoring and eruption forecasting. Gases from low-to-high temperature fumaroles and those diffusively released through the soils of volcanic flanks are investigated using various sampling and measurement techniques. Furthermore, a variety of remote sensing methods are applied at relatively great distances from the source to gather major gas composition and flux data for volcanic plumes using ground based, airborne (including UAV) and space borne platforms. The acquired data have advanced science in a number of key ways: • firstly, with parallel thermodynamical modelling to advance our capacity to interpret acquired degassing data; • secondly, through improved constraints on budgets for volcanically mediated geochemical cycling, particularly via regional subduction processes; • thirdly, through improved constraints on the effects of volcanic gases on atmospheric composition, chemistry and radiative transfer, particularly in terms of halogen chemistry, volcanogenic climate change and impacts on human health; • fourthly, there has been a growing body of work focused on combining degassing data with contemporaneous geophysical data and studies on conduit fluid dynamics to advance our understanding of how subterranean gas flow mediates activity at the surface; • and fifthly, there have been considerable advances in the methods themselves, used to make the gas measurements, in particular in terms of extractive sampling (e.g., using MultiGAS units, mass spectrometry, spectroscopic isotope measurement approaches and diffusive denuder sampling) and remote sensing approaches (e.g., DOAS, UV cameras and other imaging techniques, LIDAR and FT)
Remote Sensing Of Volcanic Processes And Risk
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Author : Francesca Cigna
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2021-03-17
Remote Sensing Of Volcanic Processes And Risk written by Francesca Cigna and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-17 with Science categories.
Remote sensing data and methods are increasingly being implemented in assessments of volcanic processes and risk. This happens thanks to their capability to provide a spectrum of observation and measurement opportunities to accurately sense the dynamics, magnitude, frequency, and impacts of volcanic activity. This book includes research papers on the use of satellite, aerial, and ground-based remote sensing to detect thermal features and anomalies, investigate lava and pyroclastic flows, predict the flow path of lahars, measure gas emissions and plumes, and estimate ground deformation. The multi-disciplinary character of the approaches employed for volcano monitoring and the combination of a variety of sensor types, platforms, and methods that come out from the papers testify to the current scientific and technology trends toward multi-data and multi-sensor monitoring solutions. The added value of the papers lies in the demonstration of how remote sensing can improve our knowledge of volcanoes that pose a threat to local communities; back-analysis and critical revision of recent volcanic eruptions and unrest periods; and improvement of modeling and prediction methods. Therefore, the selected case studies also demonstrate the societal impact that this scientific discipline can potentially have on volcanic hazard and risk management.
Handbook Of Air Quality And Climate Change
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Author : Hajime Akimoto
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-09-27
Handbook Of Air Quality And Climate Change written by Hajime Akimoto and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-09-27 with Science categories.
This handbook covers the air quality/air pollution from the viewpoints of causing impacts on human/ecosystem health and climate change. Traditionally, air pollution has been a concern mainly in terms of its impacts on human health, and it is still an immediate public and governmental concern in most Asian countries. However, in recent years so-called extreme weather events, such as stronger tropical cyclones, flooding, drought, and other phenomena, have been manifested causing tremendous losses of human lives and properties. Importantly, climate models tell us that such extreme weather events are actually induced by anthropogenic global warming. It has been pointed out that mitigation or alleviation of such climate change leading to the extreme weather events in the next 30 years can be possible only by reducing air pollutants with positive radiative forcing such as ozone or methane, which are called short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs). Here, concerns about mitigation of air pollutants from the points of human health and climate change have merged. This book covers different kinds of air pollutants and radiative forcers and how they can be measured. It also mentions the situation of air pollutants in different continents and their regional impacts to human health, environment and economy as well as their link to extreme weather events. The book presents how the air pollution and climate change can be mitigated and how clean air technologies and international initiatives for co-controlling air pollution and climate change have been developed.
Volcanoes
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Author : John P. Lockwood
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2013-04-26
Volcanoes written by John P. Lockwood and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-26 with Science categories.
Volcanoes are essential elements in the delicate global balance of elemental forces that govern both the dynamic evolution of the Earth and the nature of Life itself. Without volcanic activity, life as we know it would not exist on our planet. Although beautiful to behold, volcanoes are also potentially destructive, and understanding their nature is critical to prevent major loss of life in the future. Richly illustrated with over 300 original color photographs and diagrams the book is written in an informal manner, with minimum use of jargon, and relies heavily on first-person, eye-witness accounts of eruptive activity at both "red" (effusive) and "grey" (explosive) volcanoes to illustrate the full spectrum of volcanic processes and their products. Decades of teaching in university classrooms and fieldwork on active volcanoes throughout the world have provided the authors with unique experiences that they have distilled into a highly readable textbook of lasting value. Questions for Thought, Study, and Discussion, Suggestions for Further Reading, and a comprehensive list of source references make this work a major resource for further study of volcanology. Volcanoes maintains three core foci: Global perspectives explain volcanoes in terms of their tectonic positions on Earth and their roles in earth history Environmental perspectives describe the essential role of volcanism in the moderation of terrestrial climate and atmosphere Humanitarian perspectives discuss the major influences of volcanoes on human societies. This latter is especially important as resource scarcities and environmental issues loom over our world, and as increasing numbers of people are threatened by volcanic hazards Readership Volcanologists, advanced undergraduate, and graduate students in earth science and related degree courses, and volcano enthusiasts worldwide. A companion website is also available for this title at www.wiley.com/go/lockwood/volcanoes
Scientific And Technical Aerospace Reports
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Scientific And Technical Aerospace Reports written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Aeronautics categories.
Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Exploring Volcanic Paroxysmal Explosive Activity From Magma Source To Ground And Atmosphere
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Author : Sonia Calvari
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2019-10-17
Exploring Volcanic Paroxysmal Explosive Activity From Magma Source To Ground And Atmosphere written by Sonia Calvari and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-17 with categories.
Paroxysmal explosive activity is one of the most spectacular natural phenomena, which is recognized as having strong impact not only at a local scale but whose effects can also reach far areas and, indeed, can significantly affect the atmosphere, and the environment in the overall. The most devastating and recent example occurred in 2010, when the Icelandic Eyiafjallajökull volcano erupted disrupting air traffic all over Europe and the North Atlantic for weeks. Between 2008 and 2013, the long-lasting eruption of Chaitén volcano in Chile produced plumes 14-20 km high reaching the coast of Argentina and causing ash fallout as far as 800 km from the vent, and the continuously erupting volcanoes of the Kamchatka Peninsula and of the Aleutian arc have caused often treats to air traffic. The eruption of Pinatubo (Philippines) in 1991 had a strong impact all over the globe, causing significant and measurable atmospheric perturbation and impacting the world temperature. More recently, Mount Etna in Italy displayed tens of paroxysmal explosive episodes affecting the air traffic, viability, settlements, environment, and economics. Over time, several studies have been devoted to understanding what drives paroxysmal explosive activity. Owning to the treating characteristics, so far great efforts have been made trying to detect precursory signals, parameterize the phenomena, apply conceptual and experimental models, and assess the associated hazards. Published papers have used (i) geophysical data aimed at constraining the source region (depth, size, and position), (ii) gas chemistry and mineral geochemistry and petrology to identify the driving force of explosions and characterize the nature of the involved magmas, (iii) volcanology data and observations as well as ground-based and satellite remote sensing to quantify the volumes of erupted products and track the eruptive process, and (iv) laboratory experiments and plume models to characterize the rheology of the erupted products and forecast the impact of the eruptive clouds on the environment, climate, and the whole planet. In this book, we present a collection of ten papers written by 67 authors spanning from seismicity and ground deformation to geochemistry, volcanology and other geophysical techniques applied to the characterization of paroxysms at several active volcanoes.
Research And Technology Objectives And Plans Summary Rtops
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Research And Technology Objectives And Plans Summary Rtops written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Aeronautics categories.