Wage Inequality In Latin America
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Wage Inequality In Latin America
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Author : Julián Messina
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2017-12-28
Wage Inequality In Latin America written by Julián Messina and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-28 with Business & Economics categories.
What caused the decline in wage inequality of the 2000s in Latin America? Looking to the future, will the current economic slowdown be regressive? Wage Inequality in Latin America: Understanding the Past to Prepare for the Future addresses these two questions by reviewing relevant literature and providing new evidence on what we know from the conceptual, empirical, and policy perspectives. The answer to the fi rst question can be broken down into several parts, although the bottom line is that the changes in wage inequality resulted from a combination of three forces: (a) education expansion and its eff ect on falling returns to skill (the supply-side story); (b) shifts in aggregate domestic demand; and (c) exchange rate appreciation from the commodity boom and the associated shift to the nontradable sector that changed interfi rm wage diff erences. Other forces had a non-negligible but secondary role in some countries, while they were not present in others. These include the rapid increase of the minimum wage and a rapid trend toward formalization of employment, which played a supporting role but only during the boom. Understanding the forces behind recent trends also helps to shed light on the second question. The analysis in this volume suggests that the economic slowdown is putting the brakes on the reduction of inequality in Latin America and will likely continue to do so—but it might not actually reverse the region’s movement toward less wage inequality.
Falling Inequality In Latin America
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Author : Giovanni Andrea Cornia
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2014
Falling Inequality In Latin America written by Giovanni Andrea Cornia and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Business & Economics categories.
"A study prepared by the United Nations University, World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER)
Has Latin American Inequality Changed Direction
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Author : Luis Bértola
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-01-25
Has Latin American Inequality Changed Direction written by Luis Bértola and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-25 with Business & Economics categories.
This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This book brings together a range of ideas and theories to arrive at a deeper understanding of inequality in Latin America and its complex realities. To so, it addresses questions such as: What are the origins of inequality in Latin America? How can we create societies that are more equal in terms of income distribution, gender equality and opportunities? How can we remedy the social divide that is making Latin America one of the most unequal regions on earth? What are the roles played by market forces, institutions and ideology in terms of inequality? In this book, a group of global experts gathered by the Institute for the Integration of Latin America and the Caribbean (INTAL), part of the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), show readers how various types of inequality, such as economical, educational, racial and gender inequality have been practiced in countries like Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, Mexico and many others through the centuries. Presenting new ideas, new evidence, and new methods, the book subsequently analyzes how to move forward with second-generation reforms that lay the foundations for more egalitarian societies. As such, it offers a valuable and insightful guide for development economists, historians and Latin American specialists alike, as well as students, educators, policymakers and all citizens with an interest in development, inequality and the Latin American region.
Female Wage Inequality In Latin American Labor Markets
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Author : Luz A. Saavedra
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2001
Female Wage Inequality In Latin American Labor Markets written by Luz A. Saavedra and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Equality categories.
In three Latin American countries that introduced structural reforms, quantile regression results show, female workers with less human capital saw wage gains relative to female workers with more human capital.
Declining Inequality In Latin America
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Author : Luis Felipe López-Calva
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2010-08-01
Declining Inequality In Latin America written by Luis Felipe López-Calva and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-08-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Latin America is often singled out for its high and persistent income inequality. Toward the end of the 1990s, however, income concentration began to fall across the region. Of the seventeen countries for which comparable data are available, twelve have experienced a decline, particularly since 2000. This book is among the first efforts to understand what happened in these countries and why. Led by editors Felipe López-Calva and Nora Lustig, a panel of distinguished economists undertakes in-depth analyses of Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, and Peru. In addition, they provide essential background in the form of overviews of the relationship between markets and inequality, the political economy of redistribution, and the evolution of income inequality in the advanced industrialized economies. Two factors account for much of the decline in inequality: a decrease in the wage gap between skilled and low-skilled labor, and an increase in government transfers targeted to the poor. Thanks to the timeliness and sophistication of these essays, Declining Inequality in Latin America is likely to become a standard reference in its field.
Has Latin America Always Been Unequal
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Author : Ewout Frankema
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2009-06-02
Has Latin America Always Been Unequal written by Ewout Frankema and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-06-02 with Business & Economics categories.
Employing comparative and quantitative historical methods Frankema explores long run trends of asset and income distribution in Latin America, arguing that there is little reason to regard the yawning gap between rich and poor as the persistent result of a colonial heritage.
A Moment Of Equality For Latin America
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Author : Barbara Fritz
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-03-09
A Moment Of Equality For Latin America written by Barbara Fritz and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-09 with Political Science categories.
Unlike other regions around the world, several Latin American countries have managed to reduce income inequality over the last decade. Higher growth rates and growing employment, but also innovative wage policies and social programs, have contributed to reducing poverty and narrow income disparities. Yet, despite this progress, nation-states in the region demonstrate little capacity to substantially change their patterns of deeply rooted inequalities. Focusing on the limits and challenges of redistributive policies in Latin America, this volume synthesizes and updates the discussion of inequality in the region, introducing the perspective of global and transnational interdependencies. The book explores the extent to which redistributive policies have been interlinked with the provision and quality of public goods as well as with structural changes of the productive sector. Inspired by structuralist and neostructuralist thinking of Latin American economists, such as Raúl Prebisch and Celso Furtado, authors question the redistributive impact of the interplay of recent macroeconomic, fiscal and social policies, particularly under left and center-left administrations committed to greater equality. Bringing together experts in social, fiscal and macroeconomic policies to investigate the interdependent and global character of inequalities, this book will appeal to scholars of sociology, economics, development and politics with interests in Latin America, inequality and public policy.
Facing Up To Inequality In Latin America
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Author : Inter-American Development Bank
language : en
Publisher: IDB
Release Date : 1998
Facing Up To Inequality In Latin America written by Inter-American Development Bank and has been published by IDB this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Equality categories.
Statistical appendix: pp. 203-282.
Inequality In Latin America
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Author : David M. De Ferranti
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2004-01-01
Inequality In Latin America written by David M. De Ferranti and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Latin America and the Caribbean has been one of the regions of the world with the greatest inequality. This book explores why the region suffers from such persistent inequality, identifies how it hampers development, and suggests ways to achieve greater equity in the distribution of wealth, incomes and opportunities. The study draws on data from 20 countries based on household surveys covering 3.6 million people, and reviews extensive economic, sociological and political science studies on inequality in Latin America. Four broad areas for action by governments and civil society groups to break the destructive pattern are outlined: (1) build more open political and social institutions, that allow the poor and historically subordinate groups to gain a greater share of agency, voice and power in society; (2) ensure that economic institutions and policies seek greater equity, through sound macroeconomic management and equitable, efficient crisis resolution institutions, that avoid the large regressive redistributions that occur during crises, and that allow for saving in good times to enhance access by the poor to social safety nets in bad times; (3) increase access by the poor to high-quality public services, especially education, health, water and electricity, as well as access to farmland and the rural services, and protect and enforce the property rights of the urban poor; (4) reform income transfer programmes so that they reach the poorest families.
Democracy And The Left
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Author : Evelyne Huber
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2012-09-01
Democracy And The Left written by Evelyne Huber and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-01 with Political Science categories.
Although inequality in Latin America ranks among the worst in the world, it has notably declined over the last decade, offset by improvements in health care and education, enhanced programs for social assistance, and increases in the minimum wage. In Democracy and the Left, Evelyne Huber and John D. Stephens argue that the resurgence of democracy in Latin America is key to this change. In addition to directly affecting public policy, democratic institutions enable left-leaning political parties to emerge, significantly influencing the allocation of social spending on poverty and inequality. But while democracy is an important determinant of redistributive change, it is by no means the only factor. Drawing on a wealth of data, Huber and Stephens present quantitative analyses of eighteen countries and comparative historical analyses of the five most advanced social policy regimes in Latin America, showing how international power structures have influenced the direction of their social policy. They augment these analyses by comparing them to the development of social policy in democratic Portugal and Spain. The most ambitious examination of the development of social policy in Latin America to date, Democracy and the Left shows that inequality is far from intractable—a finding with crucial policy implications worldwide.