Water Service Delivery Solutions In Rural And Peri Urban Areas In Developing Countries Are Public Public Partnerships A Valuable Alternative To Private Sector Participation
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Water Service Delivery Solutions In Rural And Peri Urban Areas In Developing Countries Are Public Public Partnerships A Valuable Alternative To Private Sector Participation
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Author : Ciro Avolio
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Water Service Delivery Solutions In Rural And Peri Urban Areas In Developing Countries Are Public Public Partnerships A Valuable Alternative To Private Sector Participation written by Ciro Avolio and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
This dissertation will focus on the analysis of water and sanitation service delivery solutions in the context of peri-urban and rural areas. In particular, it will investigate if public-public partnerships (PuPs) can represent a valid and effective alternative to private sector participation. As highlighted by PSIRU (in Hall et al, 2005: 4), there are different types of PuPs, including a large variety of actors: national public authorities, communities, NGOs, Trade Unions, international public authorities and international associations. This dissertation will focus on a specific kind of PuPs, the partnerships between public authorities and communities, where the responsibility for service provision is progressively transferred from national governments to local people. This choice is motivated by the growing importance given to the participation of local people in the development of initiatives directly or indirectly affecting their condition of life. As argued by IRC (IRC, 2007), in the last years community management has become one of the most important concept, a ̀guiding principle¿ in most rural water supply and sanitation schemes. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to examine if community-based management could possibly represent a better option than public-private partnerships (PPPs) for the delivery of rural water and sanitation services and capable to be successfully adopted in various national contexts, playing a role of growing importance. The dissertation will first outline the general situation of water resources at world scale and in particular in developing countries. The relationship between water / poverty reduction and water / sustainability will be examined. The dissertation will realize an overview of the water management systems. Then, this study will analyze the water services in rural and peri-urban areas of developing countries, where, according to the IFAD (2001: 2), more than half of the world¿s poor, over 70%, live and depend on farming activities for their survival. The characteristics of rural areas, including the presence of isolated settlements and the lack of infrastructure facilities, and the inefficiency of central and local governments have, in many cases, produced critical situations in terms of inadequate rural water supplies and sanitation infrastructure. This dissertation will, then, define the concepts of PPPs, PuPs and government-communities partnerships, delineating their historical evolution and the increasing attention and support they have received. In particular, it will explore the main literature and critics concerning PPPs, highlighting strengths and weaknesses that have been attributed to this kind of partnership. This study will examine two case studies where PPPs systems have been implemented. Moreover, this dissertation will analyze the link between community management, on one side, and efficiency and sustainability, on the other, by presenting two case studies - Salvegu, Ghana and Karnataka, India - where local communities are responsible of the operation and maintenance of rural water and sanitation services. Through the analysis of the case studies, in fact, it will identify some of the characteristics of Government-communities partnership that could contribute to improve water and sanitation service delivery even in remote and disadvantaged rural areas and, on the other side, the weaknesses and limits of this kind of partnership. Finally, the dissertation will propose a new concept of water partnership, the Local Water Partnership, based on the cooperation among 3 local water partners: local government, local community and local private sector.
Public Private Partnerships For Urban Water Utilities
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Author : Philippe Marin
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2009-09-22
Public Private Partnerships For Urban Water Utilities written by Philippe Marin and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-09-22 with Technology & Engineering categories.
'Public-Private Partnerships for Urban Water Utilities: A Review of Experiences in Developing Countries' analyzes the market growth of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) in the developing world since 1990, and the performance of more than 65 large water PPP projects representing more than 100 million people for access, service quality, operational efficiency, and tariff levels. Although a relatively small portion of the water utilities in the developing world are operated under PPPs (about 7 percent in 2007), the urban population served by private water operators has grown every year since 1990. Despite many difficulties encountered by PPP projects and a few contract terminations, a large majority of contracts awarded since 1990 are still in place. The track record for improving service and efficiency reaffirms the value of PPPs to help turn around poorly performing water utilities, even though the level of private financing did not match initial expectations. Over time, a more realistic market has developed, the number of private investors from developing countries has grown, and contract designs have become more pragmatic concerning risk allocations between partners. The water sector has many features that set it apart from other infrastructure sectors. This book suggests the need for careful consideration of those specificities to successfully involve private operators. Although concessions with private financing have worked in a few places, contractual arrangements that combine private operation with public financing appear to be the most sustainable option in many countries. Policy makers, stakeholders, and donors need to remain heavily engaged in the water sector, especially in the poorest countries and during a global financial crisis. This book contributes to a better understanding of the various options to tackle the many challenges of providing water and sanitation services to urban populations in the developing world.
Public Private Partnerships In Sub Saharan Africa
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Author : James Leigland
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2020-04-30
Public Private Partnerships In Sub Saharan Africa written by James Leigland and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-04-30 with Business & Economics categories.
Expectations are high regarding the potential benefits of public-private partnerships (PPPs) for infrastructure development in low-income countries. The development community, led by the G20, the United Nations, and others, expects these partnerships between goverments and private companies in infrastructure service provision to aid "transformational" mega-projects, as well as efforts to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. Yet PPPs have been widely used only since the 1990s, and discussion of their efficacy is still dominated by best-practice guidance, academic studies that focus on developed countries, or ideological criticism. Meanwhile, practitioners have quietly accumulated a large body of empirical evidence on the actual performance of PPPs. The purpose of this book is to summarize and consolidate what this critical mass of evidence-based research indicates about PPPs in low-income countries, and thereby develop a more realistic perspective on the practical value of these mechanisms. With a primary focus on Sub-Saharan Africa, though drawing on critical insights from other regions, it demonstrates that the benefits of such partnerships will only be realised if expectations remain modest and projects are subject to transparent evaluation and competition.
Approaches To Private Participation In Water Services
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Author : PPIAF.
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2006
Approaches To Private Participation In Water Services written by PPIAF. and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Nature categories.
Annotation This informative toolkit provides options for the design of policies to facilitate the delivery of good quality water and sanitation services to the poor. It highlights the need for tariffs, investment, stakeholder consultation, and regulatory policies to address the affordability and sustainability of those services.
Water Service Provision For The Peri Urban Poor In Post Conflict Angola
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Author : Allan Cain
language : en
Publisher: IIED
Release Date : 2009
Water Service Provision For The Peri Urban Poor In Post Conflict Angola written by Allan Cain and has been published by IIED this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Poverty categories.
This paper is an output of the Sida, DANIDA and DFID funded project entitled: Improving urban water and sanitation provision globally, through information and action driven locally. This project was carried out by IIED and five of its partners in Angola, Argentina, Ghana, India and Pakistan. The project aims to document innovative and inspiring examples of locally-driven water and sanitation initiatives in deprived urban areas. The project provides a basis for better understanding of how to identify and build upon local initiatives that are likely to improve water and sanitation services. The project also looks at how local organisations in those countries have managed to: scale up successful projects; work collaboratively; finance water and sanitation schemes; and use information systems such as mapping to drive local action and monitor improvements.
Social Policies And Water Sector Reform
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Author : Naren Prasad
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Social Policies And Water Sector Reform written by Naren Prasad and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Social policy categories.
Increasing coverage and maintaining infrastructure are two of the biggest challenges confronting the water supply sector in both industrialized and developing countries. The last two decades have witnessed reform in this sector that has resulted in increased private sector participation (PSP), and it is now time to investigate whether such reform has managed to increase access without creating additional burdens, especially on the poor. A research project carried out by the United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD), Social Policy, Regulation and Private Sector Involvement in Water Supply, has demonstrated the shortcomings of concession-type contracts and how regulation in developing countries is faced with major challenges. Based on this research, the present paper demonstrates that, in such circumstances, regulation should be complemented by social policies when reforming the water sector. This paper draws lessons from seven country studies: Brazil, Burkina Faso, Colombia, Great Britain, France, Hungary and Malaysia. All of these country studies show the shortcomings of PSP and how social policies are crucial in addressing the issues of access and affordability. The choice of social policies varies from country to country. In France and Great Britain, heavy public investment was used to ensure universal access to piped water. In these countries, even with high regulatory capacity, social policies in the water sector have been crucial. For example, in France, they consist mainly of ex-post assistance to those who cannot afford to pay their water bills, operating a fund for rural water supply and prohibition of disconnection. Social policies in Great Britain include income support based on property values, subsidies, a ban on disconnections, various forms of social security support and social assistance in paying water bills. In addition, there exists an effective and independent economic regulatory body. In the case of Colombia, a subsidy helps provide the poor with access to affordable water. In addition, investment commitments prescribed to the private sector have been useful in increasing coverage. Similarly, in Brazil, the desire to make water supply universal led to heavy investment in the 1970s, and effective social policies (cross-subsidies) helped to increase coverage among the poor. However, the current impasse on whether the state or municipality has the right to grant concessions to the private sector is jeopardizing further progress. The government in Hungary provides subsidies to regions that have high production costs. In addition, industrial users cross-subsidize domestic consumption, and income transfers by central or local authorities shoulder some of the households' burden of water expenditures. Tariffs are kept low (a "hidden" social policy) and no disconnection is allowed in the case of non-payment of bills. The private sector has increased efficiency in the system, but investment is financed by the state. In Malaysia, the social policies that are in place comprise state financing of water supply in rural areas, cross-subsidy (industrial users to domestic) and a lifeline block tariff. In addition, the private sector is contractually obliged to increase coverage in urban and rural areas. In Burkina Faso, although the efficiency of the network has substantially improved with commercialization through PSP, there is growing pressure to dismantle social policies.
Knowledge Review
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Knowledge Review written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Water categories.
Decentralization Institutions And Access To Potable Water In Malawi S Urban And Peri Urban Informal Settlements
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Author : Ellis Adjei Adams
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Decentralization Institutions And Access To Potable Water In Malawi S Urban And Peri Urban Informal Settlements written by Ellis Adjei Adams and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Electronic dissertations categories.
Water Supply Sanitation
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Author : M. Feroze Ahmed
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Water Supply Sanitation written by M. Feroze Ahmed and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Drinking water categories.
With reference to Bangladesh.
Unpackaging Demand For Water Service Quality
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2006
Unpackaging Demand For Water Service Quality written by and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Public-private sector cooperation categories.
"In the early 2000s, the Government of Sri Lanka considered engaging private sector operators to manage water and sewerage services in two separate service areas: one in the town of Negombo (north of Colombo), and one stretching along the coastal strip (south from Colombo) from the towns of Kalutara to Galle. Since then, the government has abandoned the idea of setting up a public-private partnership in these two areas. This paper is part of a series of investigations to determine how these pilot private sector transactions (forming part of the overall water sector reform strategy) could be designed in such a manner that they would benefit the poor. The authors describe the results of a conjoint survey evaluating the factors that drive customer demand for alternative water supply and sanitation services in Sri Lanka. They show how conjoint surveys can be used to unpackage household demand for attributes of urban services and improve the design of infrastructure policies. They present conjoint surveys as a tool for field experiments and a source of valuable empirical data. In the study of three coastal towns in southwestern Sri Lanka the conjoint survey allows the authors to compare household preferences for four water supply attributes-price, quantity, safety, and reliability. They examine subpopulations of different income levels to determine if demand is heterogeneous. The case study suggests that households care about service quality (not just price). In general, the authors find that households have diverse preferences in terms of quantity, safety, and service options, but not with regard to hours of supply. In particular, they find that the poor have lower ability to trade off income for services, a finding that has significant equity implications in terms of allocating scarce public services and achieving universal water access. "--World Bank web site.