Who Recommendations On The Diagnosis Of Hiv Infection In Infants And Children
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Who Recommendations On The Diagnosis Of Hiv Infection In Infants And Children
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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Who Recommendations On The Diagnosis Of Hiv Infection In Infants And Children written by World Health Organization and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Worldwide, in 2008, an estimated 430 000 [240 000-610 000] new infections due to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) occurred in children, of which 90% were acquired through mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV. Of the 430 000 new infections, between 280 000 and 360 000 were acquired during labour and in the pre-partum period. Of the remaining new infections, the majority were acquired during breastfeeding. In infants who acquire HIV around the time of delivery, disease progression occurs very rapidly in the first few months of life, often leading to death. To enable antiretroviral (ARV) prophylaxis to be given to infants as soon as possible after birth, all infants should have their HIV exposure status known at birth. As not all mothers are given HIV tests, very few HIV-exposed infants are identified and very few infants are known to be gaining access to early diagnosis, the necessary prerequisite to'timely' initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Currently, only an estimated 15% of HIV-exposed infants needing testing are tested in the first two months of life. Recently published data confirming dramatic survival benefits for infants started on ART as early as possible after the diagnosis of HIV, prompted a review of the World Health Organization (WHO) paediatric treatment guidelines. In June 2008, new guidance was issued, which recommends prompt initiation of ART in infants diagnosed with HIV infection. In order to identify those infants who will need immediate ART, early confirmation of HIV infection is required. In November 2008, a meeting was convened to review recommendations by WHO for the diagnostic testing of HIV infection in infants and children. The meeting brought together the guideline review group that had developed the initial recommendations in 2005. The guideline review group followed the grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) approach in reviewing the recommendations for early detection of HIV infection according to the current WHO Guidelines for Guidelines. This document contains the new recommendations. The full document, including GRADE evidence profiles and the factors that have been taken into account in the group's decision-making with respect to the strength of the recommendations, is available in the annexes.
Antiretroviral Therapy For Hiv Infection In Infants And Children Towards Universal Access Recommendations For A Public Health Approach
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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Antiretroviral Therapy For Hiv Infection In Infants And Children Towards Universal Access Recommendations For A Public Health Approach written by World Health Organization and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
Antiretroviral Therapy For Hiv Infection In Infants And Children
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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Antiretroviral Therapy For Hiv Infection In Infants And Children written by World Health Organization and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
These treatment guidelines serve as a framework for selecting the most potent and feasible first-line and second-line ART regimens for the care of HIV-infected infants and children. These guidelines address the diagnosis of HIV infection and consider ART in different situations, e.g. where infants and children are coinfected with HIV and TB, or have been exposed to ARVs, either for PMTCT or because of breastfeeding from an HIV-infected mother on ART. In addition, these guidelines address the importance of nutrition in the HIV-infected child and of recognizing the severity of malnutrition, especially in relation to the provision of ART. Adherence to therapy and resistance to ARVs are discussed. A section on ART in adolescents briefly outlines key issues related to treatment and care for this age group. WHO recognizes the need to strengthen health systems with a view to maximizing the quality and long-term benefits of ART. Improved access to HIV diagnostic testing for infants and children is necessary to save lives. The inability to diagnose HIV infection as early as possible in infants and children severely limits access to ART and its timely initiation. Reliable access to immunological assays for assessing CD4 levels in children is crucial for guiding the initiation of treatment and for optimizing the maintenance of ART. These guidelines are intended primarily for use by treatment advisory boards, national AIDS programme managers and other senior policy-makers who are involved in the planning of national and international HIV care strategies for infants and children in resource-limited countries. Elements of the guidelines such as the simplified dosing guidance (Annex E) are also designed for clinical implementation in the field.
Pocket Book Of Hospital Care For Children
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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2013
Pocket Book Of Hospital Care For Children written by World Health Organization and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Medical categories.
The Pocket Book is for use by doctors nurses and other health workers who are responsible for the care of young children at the first level referral hospitals. This second edition is based on evidence from several WHO updated and published clinical guidelines. It is for use in both inpatient and outpatient care in small hospitals with basic laboratory facilities and essential medicines. In some settings these guidelines can be used in any facilities where sick children are admitted for inpatient care. The Pocket Book is one of a series of documents and tools that support the Integrated Managem.
Hiv Infection In Children And Adolescents
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Author : Raziya Bobat
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-02-27
Hiv Infection In Children And Adolescents written by Raziya Bobat and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-27 with Medical categories.
This book serves as a reference work on pediatric HIV infection and covers the full bandwidth of topics from an introduction to pathogenesis and epidemiology, over the transmission of the HI virus, to clinical manifestations, treatment, and prevention strategies. Diseases and disorders occurring in HIV infected persons are discussed in detail. The book covers special populations, such as neonates born to an HIV positive mother and adolescents and examines the specific ways of managing HIV disease in these patient groups. This is the first book to cover palliative care as well as ethical, legal and social issues of HIV infection.
Report Of The Surgeon General S Workshop On Children With Hiv Infection And Their Families
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1987
Report Of The Surgeon General S Workshop On Children With Hiv Infection And Their Families written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with AIDS (Disease) categories.
Consolidated Guidelines On The Use Of Antiretroviral Drugs For Treating And Preventing Hiv Infection
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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Consolidated Guidelines On The Use Of Antiretroviral Drugs For Treating And Preventing Hiv Infection written by World Health Organization and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with AIDS (Disease) categories.
These guidelines provide guidance on the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the use of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection and the care of people living with HIV. They are structured along the continuum of HIV testing, prevention, treatment and care. This edition updates the 2013 consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs following an extensive review of evidence and consultations in mid-2015, shared at the end of 2015, and now published in full in 2016. It is being published in a changing global context for HIV and for health more broadly.
Comprehensive Package Of Care For Infants And Young Children Exposed To Hiv
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2021-12-09
Comprehensive Package Of Care For Infants And Young Children Exposed To Hiv written by and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-09 with Medical categories.
The purpose of this policy brief is to support national programmes to adopt and implement key recommendations targeting infants and young children exposed to HIV and their mothers which together are aimed at minimizing the risk of vertical transmission of HIV using a comprehensive approach. The Postnatal Package of Care aims at addressing the needs of infants and young children along the continuum of care from birth to after cessation of breastfeeding to decrease missed opportunities for interventions and breach the gaps that lead to new paediatric vertical infections. The target audience is policy makers, programme managers, non-governmental organizations, health workers, donors, manufacturers, procurement entities, implementing partners, and civil society.
Report Of The Surgeon General S Workshop On Children With Hiv Infection And Their Families
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Author : Benjamin K. Silverman
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 1998-07
Report Of The Surgeon General S Workshop On Children With Hiv Infection And Their Families written by Benjamin K. Silverman and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-07 with categories.
Contains abstracts of 15 papers presented at the 1987 Surgeon General1s Workshop along with summaries of recommendations from workshop work groups. Topics: Global Epidemiology; the Human Immunodeficiency Virus; Immunology of Pediatric AIDS; Transmission of HIV Infection in the U.S.; Approaches to Prevention of HIV; Natural History of HIV Infection; HIV Transmitted by Blood Products; Supportive Care and Treatment of Pediatric AIDS; Intravenous Drug Abuse and Women1s Medical Issues; Education to Prevent HIV; Legal Issues Surrounding Medical Care, Treatment, and Research of Children; management of the Child with HIV; Current Developments and Future Prospects for AIDS Vaccines; and A Mother1s Viewpoint.
Updated Recommendations On Hiv Prevention Infant Diagnosis Antiretroviral Initiation And Monitoring
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2021-03-17
Updated Recommendations On Hiv Prevention Infant Diagnosis Antiretroviral Initiation And Monitoring written by and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-17 with Medical categories.
These guidelines provide new and updated recommendations on the use of point-of-care testing in children under 18 months of age and point-of-care tests to monitor treatment in people living with HIV; the treatment monitoring algorithm; and timing of antiretroviral therapy (ART) among people living with HIV who are being treated for tuberculosis. WHO is currently in the process of collating all HIV normative guidance developed since 2016 in order to publish the third edition of the consolidated HIV guidelines in July 2021. This updated version will include the new clinical guidance presented here.