X Ray Phase Contrast Imaging Using Near Field Speckles
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X Ray Phase Contrast Imaging Using Near Field Speckles
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Author : Marie-Christine Zdora
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
X Ray Phase Contrast Imaging Using Near Field Speckles written by Marie-Christine Zdora and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
This thesis presents research on novel X-ray imaging methods that improve the study of specimens with small density differences, revealing their inner structure and density distribution. Exploiting the phase shift of X-rays in a material can significantly increase the image contrast compared to conventional absorption imaging. This thesis provides a practical guide to X-ray phase-contrast imaging with a strong focus on X-ray speckle-based imaging, the most recently developed phase-sensitive method. X-ray speckle-based imaging only requires a piece of abrasive paper in addition to the standard X-ray imaging setup. Its simplicity and robustness combined with the compatibility with laboratory X-ray sources, make it an ideal candidate for wide user uptake in a range of fields. An in-depth overview of the state of the art of X-ray speckle-based imaging and its latest developments is given in this thesis. It, furthermore, explores a broad range of applications, from X-ray optics characterisation, to biomedical imaging for 3D virtual histology and geological studies of volcanic rocks, demonstrating is promising potential. Moreover, the speckle-based technique is placed in the context of other phase-sensitive X-ray imaging methods to assist in the choice of a suitable method, hence serving as a guide and reference work for future users.
X Ray Phase Contrast Imaging Using Near Field Speckles
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Author : Marie-Christine Zdora
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-02-16
X Ray Phase Contrast Imaging Using Near Field Speckles written by Marie-Christine Zdora and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-16 with Science categories.
This thesis presents research on novel X-ray imaging methods that improve the study of specimens with small density differences, revealing their inner structure and density distribution. Exploiting the phase shift of X-rays in a material can significantly increase the image contrast compared to conventional absorption imaging. This thesis provides a practical guide to X-ray phase-contrast imaging with a strong focus on X-ray speckle-based imaging, the most recently developed phase-sensitive method. X-ray speckle-based imaging only requires a piece of abrasive paper in addition to the standard X-ray imaging setup. Its simplicity and robustness combined with the compatibility with laboratory X-ray sources, make it an ideal candidate for wide user uptake in a range of fields. An in-depth overview of the state of the art of X-ray speckle-based imaging and its latest developments is given in this thesis. It, furthermore, explores a broad range of applications, from X-ray optics characterisation, to biomedical imaging for 3D virtual histology and geological studies of volcanic rocks, demonstrating is promising potential. Moreover, the speckle-based technique is placed in the context of other phase-sensitive X-ray imaging methods to assist in the choice of a suitable method, hence serving as a guide and reference work for future users.
Phase Contrast And Dark Field Imaging
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Author : Simon Zabler
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2019-01-08
Phase Contrast And Dark Field Imaging written by Simon Zabler and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-08 with Image processing categories.
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Phase-Contrast and Dark-Field Imaging" that was published in J. Imaging
Multi Scale 3d Virtual Histology Via Phase Contrast X Ray Tomography With Synchrotron Radiation
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Author : Jasper Frohn
language : en
Publisher: Universitätsverlag Göttingen
Release Date : 2023
Multi Scale 3d Virtual Histology Via Phase Contrast X Ray Tomography With Synchrotron Radiation written by Jasper Frohn and has been published by Universitätsverlag Göttingen this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with categories.
To this day, the standard method for investigating biological tissue with cellular resolution is the examination under a light microscope, first denoted as histology by Karl Meyer in 1819. Despite the enormous success and importance of histology, it has two major disadvantages. Firstly, the specimen must be physically cut into thin sections due to the limited penetrating power of optical light, and secondly, additional staining of the specimen is required to achieve sufficient image contrast. Both disadvantages can be overcome by the non-destructive method of propagation-based X-ray phase-contrast tomography. While the mechanism of phase-contrast provides sufficient image contrast to image single cells, a tomographic imaging scheme with penetrating X-rays allows for an undamaged sample by virtually slicing the reconstructed 3D sample volume. In this work, the holotomography setup of the synchrotron endstation „GINIX“ (The Göttingen Instrument for Nanoscale-Imaging with X-Rays) was extended to a multi-scale X-ray phase-contrast tomography setup suitable for 3D virtual histology by adding two acquisition schemes. Compared to the existing setup, the first additional scheme is a propagation-based microtomography setup, which enlarges the reconstructed 3D volumes by a factor of approx. 64 at a fraction of the acquisition time (ca. 2 min). The second additional scheme aims for higher resolutions. To this end, the X-ray waveguide illumination was combined with photon counting detector with a large field of view and a novel phase reconstruction scheme, which is based on iterative farfield phase retrieval without an „empty-beam correction“ in the detector plane.
Advancing The Characterization Of Neuronal Cyto Architecture By X Ray Phase Contrast Tomography
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Author : Marina Eckermann
language : en
Publisher: Universitätsverlag Göttingen
Release Date : 2021
Advancing The Characterization Of Neuronal Cyto Architecture By X Ray Phase Contrast Tomography written by Marina Eckermann and has been published by Universitätsverlag Göttingen this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
To bring physiology and pathology of the human brain into better micro-anatomical and histological context, studies with different methodologies are required. Established techniques such as electron microscopy or histology show limitations in view of invasiveness, labor-intense and artifact-prone sample preparation, as well as an adequate ratio between resolution and volume throughput. For this reason, X-ray phase-contrast tomography (PC-CT) has been proposed as a three-dimensional non-destructive imaging technique, which requires less effort in sample preparation and can assess larger volumes. Furthermore, it offers quantitative electron density based contrast even for unstained tissue. Up to now, however, PC-CT studies fell short in number of samples, so that structural alterations caused by neurodegenerative diseases cannot be distinguished from physiological inter-subject variations. In this thesis, the scalability of PC-CT with respect to the required number of samples and resolution-to-volume-throughput is demonstrated, and the methodology is advanced with respect to data acquisition, processing and segmentation. In addition to the human cerebellum, cortex and hippocampus are studied. Concerning quantification and analysis of PC-CT data, this work introduces optimal transport analysis to obtain quantitative metrics of the cyto-architecture and to identify changes due to neurodegenerative diseases. For the case of Alzheimer’s disease, this workflow reveals a yet undescribed compactification of granular cells in the human hippocampus. This thesis also provides optimized configurations to study neural tissues with laboratory instrumentation, and – finally – provides new correlative imaging approaches, in particular with scanning electron microscopy.
Medical Imaging Systems
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Author : Andreas Maier
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-08-02
Medical Imaging Systems written by Andreas Maier and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-02 with Computers categories.
This open access book gives a complete and comprehensive introduction to the fields of medical imaging systems, as designed for a broad range of applications. The authors of the book first explain the foundations of system theory and image processing, before highlighting several modalities in a dedicated chapter. The initial focus is on modalities that are closely related to traditional camera systems such as endoscopy and microscopy. This is followed by more complex image formation processes: magnetic resonance imaging, X-ray projection imaging, computed tomography, X-ray phase-contrast imaging, nuclear imaging, ultrasound, and optical coherence tomography.
Biomedical Imaging
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Author : Tim Salditt
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2017-10-23
Biomedical Imaging written by Tim Salditt and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-23 with Science categories.
Covering both physical as well as mathematical and algorithmic foundations, this graduate textbook provides the reader with an introduction into modern biomedical imaging and image processing and reconstruction. These techniques are not only based on advanced instrumentation for image acquisition, but equally on new developments in image processing and reconstruction to extract relevant information from recorded data. To this end, the present book offers a quantitative treatise of radiography, computed tomography, and medical physics. Contents Introduction Digital image processing Essentials of medical x-ray physics Tomography Radiobiology, radiotherapy, and radiation protection Phase contrast radiography Object reconstruction under nonideal conditions
Vertebrate Skeletal Histology And Paleohistology
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Author : Vivian de Buffrénil
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2021-06-24
Vertebrate Skeletal Histology And Paleohistology written by Vivian de Buffrénil and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-06-24 with Medical categories.
Vertebrate Skeletal Histology and Paleohistology summarizes decades of research into the biology and biological meaning of hard tissues, in both living and extinct vertebrates. In addition to outlining anatomical diversity, it provides fundamental phylogenetic and evolutionary contexts for interpretation. An international team of leading authorities review the impact of ontogeny, mechanics, and environment in relation to bone and dental tissues. Synthesizing current advances in the biological problems of growth, metabolism, evolution, ecology, and behavior, this comprehensive and authoritative volume is built upon a foundation of concepts and technology generated over the past fifty years.
Advanced High Resolution Tomography In Regenerative Medicine
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Author : Alessandra Giuliani
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-11-19
Advanced High Resolution Tomography In Regenerative Medicine written by Alessandra Giuliani and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-19 with Science categories.
This book covers the state-of-the-art research on advanced high-resolution tomography, exploring its role in regenerative medicine. and also explores the 3D interactions between tissues, cells, and biomaterials. Various multidisciplinary paths in regenerative medicine are covered, including X-ray microtomography and its role in regenerative medicine, synchrotron radiation-based microtomography and phase contrast tomography, the challenge of the vascularization of regenerated tissues, lung and cartilage imaging, and more. This is an ideal book for biomedical engineers, biologists, physicists, clinicians, and students who want to pursue their studies in the field of regenerative medicine. This book also: Reviews in detail the algorithms and software used for the 3D exploration of regenerated tissue Covers the latest research on the use of X-ray microtomography for muscle diseases Details applications of synchrotron radiation tomography in orthopedics and dentistry
Springer Handbook Of Microscopy
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Author : Peter W. Hawkes
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-11-02
Springer Handbook Of Microscopy written by Peter W. Hawkes and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book features reviews by leading experts on the methods and applications of modern forms of microscopy. The recent awards of Nobel Prizes awarded for super-resolution optical microscopy and cryo-electron microscopy have demonstrated the rich scientific opportunities for research in novel microscopies. Earlier Nobel Prizes for electron microscopy (the instrument itself and applications to biology), scanning probe microscopy and holography are a reminder of the central role of microscopy in modern science, from the study of nanostructures in materials science, physics and chemistry to structural biology. Separate chapters are devoted to confocal, fluorescent and related novel optical microscopies, coherent diffractive imaging, scanning probe microscopy, transmission electron microscopy in all its modes from aberration corrected and analytical to in-situ and time-resolved, low energy electron microscopy, photoelectron microscopy, cryo-electron microscopy in biology, and also ion microscopy. In addition to serving as an essential reference for researchers and teachers in the fields such as materials science, condensed matter physics, solid-state chemistry, structural biology and the molecular sciences generally, the Springer Handbook of Microscopy is a unified, coherent and pedagogically attractive text for advanced students who need an authoritative yet accessible guide to the science and practice of microscopy.