Acquisition And Understanding Of Process Knowledge Using Problem Solving Methods
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Acquisition And Understanding Of Process Knowledge Using Problem Solving Methods
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Author : J.M. Gómez-Pérez
language : en
Publisher: IOS Press
Release Date : 2010-07-08
Acquisition And Understanding Of Process Knowledge Using Problem Solving Methods written by J.M. Gómez-Pérez and has been published by IOS Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-07-08 with Computers categories.
The development of knowledge-based systems is usually approached through the combined skills of knowledge engineers (KEs) and subject matter experts (SMEs). One of the most critical steps in this activity aims at transferring knowledge from SMEs to formal, machine-readable representations, which allow systems to reason with such knowledge. However, this is a costly and error prone task. Alleviating the knowledge acquisition bottleneck requires enabling SMEs with the means to produce the desired knowledge representations without the help of KEs. This is especially difficult in the case of complex knowledge types, like processes. The analysis of different application domains uncovers that process knowledge is one of the most frequent knowledge types, whose complexity requires specific means to enable SMEs to represent processes in a computational form. Additionally, such complexity and the increasingly large amount of data that process executions generate in knowledge-intensive domains, like Biology or Astronomy, requires analytical means with high abstraction capabilities to support SMEs in the analysis of such processes. This book presents methods and tools that enable SMEs to acquire process knowledge from the domains, formally represent such knowledge, reason about it, and understand process executions by analyzing their provenance. We describe the utilization of Problem Solving Methods as the main knowledge artifacts for process acquisition and analysis in two innovative ways. First, as formalizations of the reasoning strategies needed for processes and, second, as high-level, domain-independent, and reusable abstractions of process knowledge to provide SMEs with interpretations of process executions.
Problem Solving Activities In Post Editing And Translation From Scratch
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Author : Jean Nitzke
language : en
Publisher: Language Science Press
Release Date : 2019
Problem Solving Activities In Post Editing And Translation From Scratch written by Jean Nitzke and has been published by Language Science Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Computational linguistics categories.
Companies and organisations are increasingly using machine translation to improve efficiency and cost-effectiveness, and then edit the machine translated output to create a fluent text that adheres to given text conventions. This procedure is known as post-editing. Translation and post-editing can often be categorised as problem-solving activities. When the translation of a source text unit is not immediately obvious to the translator, or in other words, if there is a hurdle between the source item and the target item, the translation process can be considered problematic. Conversely, if there is no hurdle between the source and target texts, the translation process can be considered a task-solving activity and not a problem-solving activity. This study investigates whether machine translated output influences problem-solving effort in internet research, syntax, and other problem indicators and whether the effort can be linked to expertise. A total of 24 translators (twelve professionals and twelve semi-professionals) produced translations from scratch from English into German, and (monolingually) post-edited machine translation output for this study. The study is part of the CRITT TPR-DB database. The translation and (monolingual) post-editing sessions were recorded with an eye-tracker and a keylogging program. The participants were all given the same six texts (two texts per task). Different approaches were used to identify problematic translation units. First, internet research behaviour was considered as research is a distinct indicator of problematic translation units. Then, the focus was placed on syntactical structures in the MT output that do not adhere to the rules of the target language, as I assumed that they would cause problems in the (monolingual) post-editing tasks that would not occur in the translation from scratch task. Finally, problem indicators were identified via different parameters like Munit, which indicates how often the participants created and modified one translation unit, or the inefficiency (InEff) value of translation units, i.e. the number of produced and deleted tokens divided by the final length of the translation. Finally, the study highlights how these parameters can be used to identify problems in the translation process data using mere keylogging data.
The Acquisition And Retention Of Knowledge A Cognitive View
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Author : D.P. Ausubel
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
The Acquisition And Retention Of Knowledge A Cognitive View written by D.P. Ausubel and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Psychology categories.
In 1963 an initial attempt was made in my The Psychology of Meaningful Verbal Learning to present a cognitive theory of meaningful as opposed to rote verbal learning. It was based on the proposition that the acquisition and retention of knowl edge (particularly of verbal knowledge as, for example, in school, or subject-matter learning) is the product of an active, integrative, interactional process between instructional material (subject matter) and relevant ideas in the leamer's cognitive structure to which the new ideas are relatable in particular ways. This book is a full-scale revision of my 1963 monograph, The Psychology of Meaningful Verbal Learning, in the sense that it addresses the major aforementioned and hitherto unmet goals by providing for an expansion, clarification, differentiation, and sharper focusing of the principal psychological variables and processes involved in meaningful learning and retention, i.e., for their interrelationships and interactions leading to the generation of new meanings in the individual learner. The preparation of this new monograph was largely necessitated by the virtual collapse of the neobe havioristic theoretical orientation to learning during the previous forty years; and by the meteoric rise in the seventies and beyond of constructivist approaches to learning theory.
Computer Support Collaborative Learining Practices
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Author : Claire O'Malley
language : en
Publisher: Lulu.com
Release Date : 2009-01-01
Computer Support Collaborative Learining Practices written by Claire O'Malley and has been published by Lulu.com this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-01-01 with Computers categories.
Teaching Innovation In University Education Case Studies And Main Practices
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Author : Saura, Jose Ramon
language : en
Publisher: IGI Global
Release Date : 2022-06-17
Teaching Innovation In University Education Case Studies And Main Practices written by Saura, Jose Ramon and has been published by IGI Global this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-17 with Education categories.
In the last decade, the development of new technologies has made innovation a fundamental pillar of education. Teaching innovation includes the evolution of both teaching and learning models to drive improvements in educational methodologies. Teaching innovation is a pioneer in the understanding and comprehension of the different teaching methodologies and models developed in the academic area. Teaching innovation is a process that seeks validation in the academic and teaching communities at universities in order to promote the improvement and its practices and uses in the future characterized by digital development and data-based methods. Teaching Innovation in University Education: Case Studies and Main Practices features the major practices and case studies of teaching innovation developed in recent years at universities. It is a source on study cases focused on teaching innovation methodologies as well as on the identification of new technologies that will help the development of initiatives and practices focused on teaching innovation at higher education institutions. Covering topics such as didactic strategics, service learning, and technology-based gamification, this premier reference source is an indispensable resource for pre-service teachers, lecturers, students, faculty, administrators, libraries, entrepreneurs, researchers, and academicians.
Concise Encyclopedia Of Software Engineering
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Author : Derrick Morris
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2013-10-22
Concise Encyclopedia Of Software Engineering written by Derrick Morris and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-22 with Computers categories.
This Concise Encyclopedia of Software Engineering is intended to provide compact coverage of the knowledge relevant to the practicing software engineer. The content has been chosen to provide an introduction to the theory and techniques relevant to the software of a broad class of computer applications. It is supported by examples of particular applications and their enabling technologies. This Encyclopedia will be of value to new practitioners who need a concise overview and established practitioners who need to read about the "penumbra" surrounding their own specialities. It will also be useful to professionals from other disciplines who need to gain some understanding of the various aspects of software engineering which underpin complex information and control systems, and the thinking behind them.
Expert Systems
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Author : Nikolopoulos
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1997-01-10
Expert Systems written by Nikolopoulos and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-01-10 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Offering an introduction to the field of expert/knowledge based systems, this text covers current and emerging trends as well as future research areas. It considers both the system shell and programming environment approaches to expert system development.;College or university bookshops may order five or more copies at a special student price. Price is available on request.
Second Generation Expert Systems
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Author : Jean-Marc David
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Second Generation Expert Systems written by Jean-Marc David and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
Second Generation Expert Systems have been a very active field of research during the last years. Much work has been carried out to overcome drawbacks of first generation expert systems. This book presents an overview and new contributions from people who have played a major role in this evolution. It is divided in several sections that cover the main topics of the subject: - Combining Multiple Reasoning Paradigms - Knowledge Level Modelling - Knowledge Acquisition in Second Generation Expert Systems - Explanation of Reasoning - Architectures for Second Generation Expert Systems. This book can serve as a reference book for researchers and students and will also be an invaluable help for practitioners involved in KBS developments.
Simulation Based Experiential Learning
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Author : Douglas M. Towne
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Simulation Based Experiential Learning written by Douglas M. Towne and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
In October of 1992 an assembly of researchers in simulation and computer models for instruction convened in Bonas, France, to learn from one another in a non-automated environment. The event was the Advanced Research Workshop entitled The Use of Computer Models for Explication, Analysis, and Experiential Learning. Sponsored by the Scientific Affairs Division of NATO, this workshop brought together 29 leading experts in the field loosely described as instruction and learning in simulation environments. The three-day workshop was organized in a manner to maximize exchange of knowledge, of beliefs, and of issues. The participants came from six countries with experiences to share, with opinions to voice, and with questions to explore. Starting some weeks prior to the workshop, the exchange included presentation of the scientific papers, discussions immediately following each presentation, and informal discussions outside the scheduled meeting times. Naturally, the character and content of the workshop was determined by the backgrounds and interests of the participants. One objective in drawing together these particular specialists was to achieve a congress with coherent diversity, i.e., we sought individuals who could view an emerging area from different perspectives yet had produced work of interest to many. Major topic areas included theories of instruction being developed or tested, use of multiple domain models to enhance understanding, experiential learning environments, modelling diagnostic environments, tools for authoring complex models, and case studies from industry.
The Handbook Of Applied Expert Systems
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Author : Jay Liebowitz
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2019-07-23
The Handbook Of Applied Expert Systems written by Jay Liebowitz and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-07-23 with Computers categories.
The Handbook of Applied Expert Systems is a landmark work dedicated solely to this rapidly advancing area of study. Edited by Jay Liebowitz, a professor, author, and consultant known around the world for his work in the field, this authoritative source covers the latest expert system technologies, applications, methodologies, and practices. The book features contributions from more than 40 of the world's foremost expert systems authorities in industry, government, and academia. The Handbook is organized into two major sections. The first section explains expert systems technologies while the second section focuses on applied examples in a wide variety of industries. Key topics covered include fuzzy systems, genetic algorithm development, machine learning, knowledge representation, and much more.