Adaptation To Altitude Hypoxia In Vertebrates
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Adaptation To Altitude Hypoxia In Vertebrates
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Author : P. Bouverot
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Adaptation To Altitude Hypoxia In Vertebrates written by P. Bouverot and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Adaptation to altitude hypoxia is characterized by a variety offunctional changes which collectively facilitate oxygen trans port from the ambient medium to the cells of the body. All of these changes can be seen at one time or another in the course of hypoxic exposure. Yet, as already stressed (Hannon and Vogel, 1977), an examination of the literature gives only a sketchy and often conflicting picture of the exact nature of these changes and how they interact as a function of exposure duration. This is partly because of the limited number of variables explored in a given study, but it is also attributable to differences in experimental design, differences among species in susceptibility to hypoxia, nonstandardized experimental conditions, lack of proper control of physical (e. g. , temperature) and physiological variables (e. g. , body mass), failure to take measurements at key periods of exposure, and gaps in knowledge about some fundamental mechanisms. Furthermore the available data on animals native to high altitude are meager and/or inconclusive. Extensive further work under well-controlled experimental conditions is required before a detailed picture can be made. Nevertheless, it has been a guiding principle in the prepara tion of this monograph rather to summarize the vastly dis persed material that constitutes the comparative physiology of adaptation to high altitude into a coherent picture, than to provide a comprehensive survey of the field.
Zoophysiology
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1979
Zoophysiology written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979 with Zoology categories.
Adaptation To Hypoxia And Resistance Of An Organism
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1969
Adaptation To Hypoxia And Resistance Of An Organism written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1969 with Acclimatization categories.
High Altitude
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Author : Erik R. Swenson
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-26
High Altitude written by Erik R. Swenson and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-26 with Medical categories.
Over the last decade the science and medicine of high altitude and hypoxia adaptation has seen great advances. High Altitude: Human Adaptation to Hypoxia addresses the challenges in dealing with the changes in human physiology and the particular medical conditions that arise from exposure to high altitude. In-depth and comprehensive chapters cover both the basic science and the clinical consequences of exposure to high altitude. Genetic, cellular, organ and whole body system responses to high altitudes are covered and chapters discuss these effects on a wide range of diseases. Expert authors provide insight into the care of patients with pre-existing medical conditions that fail in some cases to adapt as well as offer insights into how high altitude research can help critically ill patients. High Altitude: Human Adaptation to Hypoxia is an important new volume that offers a window into greater understanding and more successful treatment of hypoxic human diseases.
Hypoxia
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Author : John R. Sutton
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
Hypoxia written by John R. Sutton and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Medical categories.
Physiological Adaptations
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Author : Mohamed Yousef
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2012-12-02
Physiological Adaptations written by Mohamed Yousef and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-02 with Nature categories.
Physiological Adaptations: Desert and Mountain discusses the bodily modifications of different animals accordingly to desert and mountain environments. Covered in this book are the basic concepts of physiological adaptations; biophysical principles of acclimization to heat; partitional calorimetry in the desert; the mechanism of sweat in relation to heat; the effects of heat on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems; and the nutritional and metabolic aspects in relation to heat. The book also covers the effects of altitude on work performance; the physiology of respiration at altitude; and the body fluids, body composition, and metabolic aspects of high-altitude adaptation. The text is recommended for biologists and natural historians who would like to know more about how animals that have deserts and mountains as habitats adapt and survive.
Time Domains Of Hypoxia Adaptation Evolutionary Insights And Applications
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Author : Tatum S. Simonson
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2021-12-22
Time Domains Of Hypoxia Adaptation Evolutionary Insights And Applications written by Tatum S. Simonson and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-22 with Science categories.
Physiological Adaptations In Vertebrates
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Author : Alan Hargens
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1991-10-31
Physiological Adaptations In Vertebrates written by Alan Hargens and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-10-31 with Nature categories.
This volume originates from a symposium held in Copenhagen in June 1989 to commemorate Kjell Johansen, who died March 4, 1987. The volume begins with a nonscientific but fascinating glimpse at Kjell, followed by an overview of the kinds of physiology that interested him, i.e. adaptational, environme
Hypoxia
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Author : Robert C. Roach
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2002-01-31
Hypoxia written by Robert C. Roach and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-01-31 with Medical categories.
Hypoxia remains a constant threat throughout life. It is for this reason that the International Hypoxia Society strives to maintain a near quarter century tradition of presenting a stimulating blend of clinical and basic science discussions. International experts from many fields have focused on the state-of-the-art discoveries in normal and pathophysiological responses to hypoxia. Topics in this volume include gene-environment interactions, a theme developed in both a clinical context regarding exercise and hypoxia, as well as in native populations living in high altitudes. Furthermore, experts in the field have combined topics such as skeletal muscle angiogenesis and hypoxia, high altitude pulmonary edema, new insights into the biology of the erythropoietin receptor, and the latest advances in cardiorespiratory control in hypoxia. This volume explores the fields of anatomy, cardiology, biological transport, and biomedical engineering among many others.
Physiological And Pathological Responses To Hypoxia And High Altitude
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Author : Rodrigo Iturriaga
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2020-06-22
Physiological And Pathological Responses To Hypoxia And High Altitude written by Rodrigo Iturriaga and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-22 with categories.
The appearance of photosynthetic organisms about 3 billion years ago increased the partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) in the atmosphere and enabled the evolution of organisms that use glucose and oxygen to produce ATP by oxidative phosphorylation. Hypoxia is commonly defined as the reduced availability of oxygen in the tissues produced by different causes, which include reduction of atmospheric PO2 as in high altitude, and secondary to pathological conditions such as sleep breathing and pulmonary disorders, anemia, and cardiovascular alterations leading to inadequate transport, delivery, and exchange of oxygen between capillaries and cells. Nowadays, it has been shown that hypoxia plays an important role in the genesis of several human pathologies including cardiovascular, renal, myocardial and cerebral diseases in fetal, young and adult life. Several mechanisms have evolved to maintain oxygen homeostasis. Certainly, all cells respond and adapt to hypoxia, but only a few of them can detect hypoxia and initiate a cascade of signals intended to produce a functional systemic response. In mammals, oxygen detection mechanisms have been extensively studied in erythropoietin-producing cells, chromaffin cells, bulbar and cortical neurons, pulmonary neuroepithelial cells, smooth muscle cells of pulmonary arteries, and chemoreceptor cells. While the precise mechanism underpinning oxygen, sensing is not completely known several molecular entities have been proposed as possible oxygen sensors (i.e. Hem proteins, ion channels, NADPH oxidase, mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase). Remarkably, cellular adaptation to hypoxia is mediated by the master oxygen-sensitive transcription factor, hypoxia-inducible factor-1, which can induce up-regulation of different genes to cope the cellular effects related to a decrease in oxygen levels. Short-term responses to hypoxia included mainly chemoreceptor-mediated reflex ventilatory and hemodynamic adaptations to manage the low oxygen concentration while more prolonged exposures to hypoxia can elicit more sustained physiological responses including switch from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism, vascularization, and enhancement of blood O2 carrying capacity. The focus of this research topic is to provide an up-to-date vision on the current knowledge on oxygen sensing mechanism, physiological responses to acute or chronic hypoxia and cellular/tissue/organ adaptations to hypoxic environment.