Attention And The Parietal Cortex
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Attention And The Parietal Cortex
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Author : Christopher Lee Striemer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Attention And The Parietal Cortex written by Christopher Lee Striemer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
Some authors have argued that the primary function of the posterior parietal cortex is to control visual attention and awareness, whereas others have argued that the posterior parietal cortex is specialized for controlling actions. The purpose of the present thesis was to examine the influence of prism adaptation - a visuomotor adaptation technique - on visual attention deficits in patients with lesions of parietal cortex. Lesions to dorsal regions of the posterior parietal cortex lead to optic ataxia - a disorder in which visually guided reaching is disrupted. In contrast lesions to ventral (i.e. inferior) regions of the posterior parietal cortex of the right hemisphere lead to spatial neglect - a disorder in which patients are unaware of people or objects in contralesional (left) space.
Attentional Processing
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Author : David LaBerge
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 1995
Attentional Processing written by David LaBerge and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Attention categories.
LaBerge explores how we are able to restrict the input of extraneous and confusing information, or prepare to process a future stimulus, in order to take effective action. As well as describing the pathways in the cortex presumed to be involved in attentional processing, he examines the hypothesis that two subcortical structures, the superior colliculus and the thalamus, contain circuit mechanisms that embody an algorithm of attention. In addition, he takes us through various ways of posing the problem, from an information-processing description of how attention works to a consideration of some of the cognitive and behavioral consequences of the brain's computations, such as desiring, judging, imaging, and remembering.
Neurobiology Of Attention
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Author : Laurent Itti
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2005-03-31
Neurobiology Of Attention written by Laurent Itti and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-03-31 with Psychology categories.
A key property of neural processing in higher mammals is the ability to focus resources by selectively directing attention to relevant perceptions, thoughts or actions. Research into attention has grown rapidly over the past two decades, as new techniques have become available to study higher brain function in humans, non-human primates, and other mammals. Neurobiology of Attention is the first encyclopedic volume to summarize the latest developments in attention research.An authoritative collection of over 100 chapters organized into thematic sections provides both broad coverage and access to focused, up-to-date research findings. This book presents a state-of-the-art multidisciplinary perspective on psychological, physiological and computational approaches to understanding the neurobiology of attention. Ideal for students, as a reference handbook or for rapid browsing, the book has a wide appeal to anybody interested in attention research. * Contains numerous quick-reference articles covering the breadth of investigation into the subject of attention* Provides extensive introductory commentary to orient and guide the reader* Includes the most recent research results in this field of study
Posterior Parietal Cortex And Non Spatial Attention Control
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Author : Luana Caselli
language : en
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Release Date : 2010-06
Posterior Parietal Cortex And Non Spatial Attention Control written by Luana Caselli and has been published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-06 with categories.
Goals dominate primate behavior. Almost all intended behaviors depend on the acquisition of "cognitive sets" endowing us with expectations about classes of stimuli and responses (S-R sets) appropriate to achieve a particular goal in a given context. Selective attention allows to switch between competing cognitive sets by focusing onto the currently relevant S-R sets while disengaging from other interfering S-R sets. The question whether non- human primates provide an appropriate model for human task-switching has not been completely answered. Posterior Parietal Cortex (PPC) has long been known to be fundamental to spatial attention. The aim of this study was to explore the role of PPC in non- spatial forms of attention, with particular interest in the representation of cognitive sets. To tackle this issue, the activity of single neurons was recorded from area 7a of one monkey tested with a task-switching paradigm. The obtained results support the idea that PPC is undoubtedly involved in cognitive domains well beyond spatial processing, contributing to the encoding of cognitive sets essential to primate goal-directed behaviors.
Orienting Of Attention
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Author : Richard D. Wright
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2008-04-16
Orienting Of Attention written by Richard D. Wright and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-04-16 with Psychology categories.
This book is a well-written overview of attention orienting that is heavily illustrated to make challenging theoretical concepts accessible to the reader. It is an ideal introduction to the topic both for a broad audience and for students and researchers who require a state-of-the-art overview of the field.
Neural Correlates Of Attention And Motivational Value In Parietal Cortex
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Author : Michael S. Bendiksby
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Neural Correlates Of Attention And Motivational Value In Parietal Cortex written by Michael S. Bendiksby and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
Area LIP has long been considered to be heavily involved in controlling transformations of visual stimuli into oculomotor behavior, as well as being an integral part of the extensive cortico-cortical network that controls covert visual attention. Neurons in LIP have been shown to respond to shifts in spatial attention as well as changes in the reward contingencies associated with visual stimuli, leading to the hypothesis that this area is involved in the selective processing of behaviorally relevant visual stimuli. However, the effects of attentional and motivational processes on neuronal activity in LIP have not been fully dissociated from each other. In one experiment I found that changing the reward contingencies in a peripheral visual detection task systematically modulated visual responses in LIP, and that these changes in activity were correlated with the reaction time costs of re-orienting attention. In a further experiment, I manipulated the motivational state of rhesus macaque monkeys by varying the reward value associated with successful completion of a cued reflexive saccade task, and was thus able to study the neuronal activity in LIP while attention and motivation were independently controlled and manipulated. LIP responses to visual targets showed that directed visual attention systematically increased activity in neurons coding the attended location, suggesting spatially specific selective processing of that part of the visual field. In contrast, increasing motivation multiplicatively enhanced the response to visual targets irrespective of their location, suggesting a spatially non-specific enhancement of processing. The effects of attention and motivation on LIP activity were both predictive of changes in saccadic reaction times. These results suggest that attention and motivation exert distinct influences on visual representations in LIP, but that they both contribute to the preferential processing of behaviorally relevant visual stimuli. The data thus support the hypothesis that area LIP encodes a salience map of the visual world.
Attention In Action
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Author : Glyn Humphreys
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2004-11
Attention In Action written by Glyn Humphreys and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-11 with Psychology categories.
Attention in Action provides state-of-the-art discussion of the role of attention in action and of action in constraining attention.
Attention Predictions And Expectations And Their Violation Attentional Control In The Human Brain
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Author : Simone Vossel
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2015-05-20
Attention Predictions And Expectations And Their Violation Attentional Control In The Human Brain written by Simone Vossel and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-20 with Attentional control categories.
In the burdened scenes of everyday life, our brains must select from among many competing inputs for perceptual synthesis - so that only the most relevant receive full attention and irrelevant (distracting) information is suppressed. At the same time, we must remain responsive to salient events outside our current focus of attention - and balancing these two processing modes is a fundamental task our brain constantly needs to solve. Both the physical saliency of a stimulus, as well as top-down predictions about imminent sensations crucially influence attentional selection and consequently the response to unexpected events. Research over recent decades has identified two separate brain networks involved in predictive top-down control and reorientation to unattended events (or oddball stimuli): the dorsal and ventral fronto-parietal attention systems of the human brain. Moreover, specific electrophysiological brain responses are known to characterize attentional orienting as well as the processing of deviant stimuli. However, many key questions are outstanding. What are the exact functional differences between these cortical attention systems? How are they lateralised in the two hemispheres? How do top-down and bottom-up signals interact to enable flexible attentional control? How does structural damage to one system affect the functionality of the other in brain damaged patients? Are there sensory-specific and supra-modal attentional systems in the brain? In addition to these questions, it is now accepted that brain responses are not only affected by the saliency of external stimuli, but also by our expectations about sensory inputs. How these two influences are balanced, and how predictions are formed in cortical networks, or generated on the basis of experience-dependent learning, are intriguing issues. In this Research Topic, we aim to collect innovative contributions that shed further light on the (cortical) mechanisms of attentional control in the human brain. In particular, we would like to encourage submissions that investigate the behavioural correlates, functional anatomy or electrophysiological markers of attentional selection and reorientation. Special emphasis will be given to studies investigating the context-sensitivity of these attentional processes in relation to prior expectations, trial history, contextual cues or physical saliency. We would like to encourage submissions employing different research methods (psychophysical recordings, neuroimaging techniques such as fMRI, MEG, EEG or ECoG, as well as neurostimulation methods such as TMS or tDCS) in healthy volunteers or neurological patients. Computational models and animal studies are also welcome. Finally, we also welcome submission of meta-analyses and reviews articles that provide new insights into, or conclusions about recent work in the field.
Mechanisms Of Spatial Attention In Frontal And Parietal Cortex As Revealed By Transcranial Magenetic Stimulation
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Author : Aarti Jain
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Mechanisms Of Spatial Attention In Frontal And Parietal Cortex As Revealed By Transcranial Magenetic Stimulation written by Aarti Jain and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
Cognitive Neuroscience Of Attention
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Author : John E. Richards
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 1998-04
Cognitive Neuroscience Of Attention written by John E. Richards and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-04 with Medical categories.
This volume presents works by leading researchers in cognitive neuroscience on the neural bases of attention. The lifespan perspective means the book will be of special interest to developmentalists, but all neuroscientists will find it valuable.