Autophagy Regulation Of Innate Immunity
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Autophagy Regulation Of Innate Immunity
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Author : Jun Cui
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-11-14
Autophagy Regulation Of Innate Immunity written by Jun Cui and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-14 with Medical categories.
This book discusses novel concepts and discoveries concerning the regulation of innate immunity by autophagy and autophagy-related proteins. In the past decade, there have been major advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of autophagy and its physiological functions. This book highlights emerging studies on the underlying mechanisms of autophagy regulation of innate immunity, including inflammation, antiviral immunity and anti-bacterial responses and the signaling pathways that prompt or inhibit the initiation and progression of related diseases. It also offers new ideas and strategies for future drugs based on manipulating autophagy, especially selective autophagy mediated by cargo receptors. Providing a comprehensive overview of the autophagy regulation of innate immunity, it is a valuable resource for graduate students and researchers in the fields of immunology, cell biology and translational medicine.
Biological Dna Sensor
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Author : Tatsuya Saitoh
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-10-30
Biological Dna Sensor written by Tatsuya Saitoh and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-30 with Medical categories.
Microbial double-stranded (ds)DNA potently stimulates innate immunity. Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) plays a major role in dsDNA-induced expression of type I interferons (IFNs) and elimination of invading pathogens. After stimulation, STING translocates from the endoplasmic reticulum to cytoplasmic punctate structures where it associates with TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1). TBK1 phosphorylates interferon regulatory factor 3 to induce type I IFNs and optineurin to induce autophagy, an intracellular clearance system. Autophagy-related protein, Atg9a, regulates membrane trafficking involved in STING movement and suppresses type I IFN expression. Absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) plays a major role in dsDNA-induced inflammatory responses. After stimulation, AIM2 forms an inflammasome with an adaptor protein, ASC, and caspase-1, a protease, to induce the production of IL-1β, an inflammatory cytokine. Autophagy mediates degradation of activated AIM2-inflammasome to terminate the response. Thus, autophagy-related proteins, essential components of autophagy machinery, regulate innate immune responses induced by dsDNA.
Autophagy
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Author : Eun-Kyeong Jo
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-07-29
Autophagy written by Eun-Kyeong Jo and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-29 with Medical categories.
Innate immune responses provide the first line of defense against invading pathogens or damaged self-molecules. However, both dysregulation and hyperactivation of immune responses are linked to inflammatory or autoimmune diseases. Autophagy is a component of primary host defense that mediates elimination of pathogens, particularly intracellular microbes. Recent advances have shown that autophagy plays an important role in the regulation of inflammation, thus providing new insights into the relationship between autophagy and inflammation. During innate immune responses, nuclear factor-κB signaling plays an important role in regulation of the autophagy pathway. Two key energy/growth sensors, the AMP-activated protein kinase and the mammalian target of rapamycin, play important roles in the autophagy-regulated signaling network connected with inflammation. Abnormalities or defects in autophagy appear to lead to pathologic inflammatory status with defective microbial killing, as in cases of immunopathologic responses in Crohn’s disease, lung inflammation, sepsis, or other inflammatory diseases. Furthermore, basal autophagy can play an important dual role in the regulation of inflammasome activation, thus shaping overall immune homeostasis, and in the unconventional secretion of a leaderless cytokine interleukin-1β. Numerous human pathologies and diseases related to inflammasome activation are impacted by defective or dysregulated autophagy. In this overview, we describe recent advances in the roles of autophagy in the regulation of chronic inflammatory conditions and pathological reactions in autoimmune diseases.
Autophagy Cancer Other Pathologies Inflammation Immunity Infection And Aging
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Author : M. A. Hayat
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2014-12-31
Autophagy Cancer Other Pathologies Inflammation Immunity Infection And Aging written by M. A. Hayat and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-31 with Medical categories.
Volume 6 provides coverage of the mechanisms of regulation of autophagy; intracellular pathogen use of the autophagy mechanism; the role of autophagy in host immunity; and selective autophagy. Attention is given to a number of mechanistic advances in the understanding of regulation, particularly the importance of nutrient availability; microRNAs; and cross-talk with other protein degradation pathways. Intracellular pathogen repurposing of autophagy for pathogenic benefit is also provided, with coverage of Herpesvirus protein modulation of autophagy; the varicella-zoster virus and the maintenance of homeostasis; and the relationship between autophagy and the hepatitis b virus. The significance of autophagy in host defense is elucidated, providing a specific focus on facilitation of antigen presentation; participation in thymic development; and the sharing of regulatory nodes with innate immunity. Selective autophagy for the degradation of mitochondria and endocytosed gap junctions are also explored. This book is an asset to newcomers as a concise overview of the regulation of autophagy, its role in host defense and immunity, and selective autophagy, while serving as an excellent reference for more experienced scientists and clinicians looking to update their knowledge. Volumes in the Series
Autophagy In Infection And Immunity
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Author : Beth Levine
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-10-03
Autophagy In Infection And Immunity written by Beth Levine and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-10-03 with Medical categories.
Autophagy is a fundamental biological process that enables cells to autodigest their own cytosol during starvation and other forms of stress. It has a growing spectrum of acknowledged roles in immunity, aging, development, neurodegeneration, and cancer biology. An immunological role of autophagy was first recognized with the discovery of autophagy’s ability to sanitize the cellular interior by killing intracellular microbes. Since then, the repertoire of autophagy’s roles in immunity has been vastly expanded to include a diverse but interconnected portfolio of regulatory and effector functions. Autophagy is an effector of Th1/Th2 polarization; it fuels MHC II presentation of cytosolic (self and microbial) antigens; it shapes central tolerance; it affects B and T cell homeostasis; it acts both as an effector and a regulator of Toll-like receptor and other innate immunity receptor signaling; and it may help ward off chronic inflammatory disease in humans. With such a multitude of innate and adaptive immunity functions, the study of autophagy in immunity is one of the most rapidly growing fields of contemporary immunological research. This book introduces the reader to the fundamentals of autophagy, guides a novice and the well-informed reader alike through different immunological aspects of autophagy as well as the countermeasures used by highly adapted pathogens to fight autophagy, and provides the expert with the latest, up-to-date information on the specifics of the leading edge of autophagy research in infection and immunity.
Autophagy Infection And The Immune Response
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Author : William T. Jackson
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2014-12-03
Autophagy Infection And The Immune Response written by William T. Jackson and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-03 with Science categories.
The relationship between infection and immunity and autophagy, a pathway of cellular homeostasis and stress response, has been a rapidly growing field of study over the last decade. While some cellular processes are pro- or anti-infection, autophagy has been proven to be both: a part of the innate immune response against some microbes, and a cellular pathway subverted by some pathogens to promote their own replication. Autophagy, Infection, and the Immune Response provides a unified overview of the roles of cellular autophagy during microbial infection. Introductory chapters ground the reader by delineating the autophagic pathway from a cellular perspective, and by listing assays available for measuring autophagy. Subsequent chapters address virus interactions with autophagy machinery, the various roles of autophagy parasitic infection, and interactions of bacteria with the autophagic pathway. Concluding chapters explore the relationships of autophagy to systemic immune responses, including antigen presentation, ER stress, and production of IFN-gamma. Designed as a resource for those interested in initiating studies on the relationship between autophagy and infection or immunity, Autophagy, Infection, and the Immune Response combines practical state-of the art technique descriptions with an overview of the wide variety of known interactions between pathogens and the autophagic pathway.
Autophagy Cancer Other Pathologies Inflammation Immunity Infection And Aging
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Author : M. A. Hayat
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2017-09-07
Autophagy Cancer Other Pathologies Inflammation Immunity Infection And Aging written by M. A. Hayat and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-07 with Medical categories.
Autophagy: Cancer, Other Pathologies, Inflammation, Immunity, Infection, and Aging, Volume 12 discusses and details almost all aspects of the autophagy machinery in the context of health, cancer and other pathologies. Autophagy is more widely accepted as beneficial given its role in eliminating ‘toxic assets’ and promoting cell viability, hence, it has emerged as a new and potent modulator of disease progression that is both scientifically intriguing and clinically relevant. As the latest release in the Autophagy book series, users will find a detailed explanation of the role of molecular mechanisms. Presents the most advanced information regarding the role of the autophagic system in life and death States recent advancements in the molecular mechanisms underlying a large number of genetic and epigenetic diseases and abnormalities Summarizes the most up-to-date findings on how autophagy is executed and regulated at the molecular level and how its disruption can lead to disease Authored by global leaders in the field, bringing the broadest, most expert coverage available
Autophagy In Immunity And Infection
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Author : Vojo Deretic
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2006-08-21
Autophagy In Immunity And Infection written by Vojo Deretic and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-08-21 with Science categories.
This first book to cover this new topic at the interface of cell biology, immunology and infection biology offers a unique insight as to how the innate and possibly the adaptive immune system are shaped by cellular mechanisms. Following a comprehensive introduction to autophagy, the work features cellular mechanisms and medical implications, structured according to all major pathogens, while also covering emerging infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis. Edited by one of the authors of a groundbreaking paper on this topic.
Autophagy In Autoimmunity
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Author : Xu-jie Zhou
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2019-05-15
Autophagy In Autoimmunity written by Xu-jie Zhou and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-15 with categories.
The Autophagy Pathway Bacterial Pathogen Immunity And Evasion
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Author : Chinnaswamy Jagannath
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2021-11-25
The Autophagy Pathway Bacterial Pathogen Immunity And Evasion written by Chinnaswamy Jagannath and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-25 with Science categories.