Biological Roles And Function Of Modification

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Biological Roles And Function Of Modification

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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 1989-12-13

Biological Roles And Function Of Modification written by and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989-12-13 with Science categories.

Biological Roles and Function of Modification

Modified Nucleic Acids In Biology And Medicine

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Author : Stefan Jurga
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-07-29

Modified Nucleic Acids In Biology And Medicine written by Stefan Jurga and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-29 with Medical categories.

This volume is comprised of 18 chapters, covering various aspects of DNA modification and RNA modified bases. It also discusses in detail circular RNA, therapeutic oligonucleotides and their different properties. The chemical nature of DNA, RNA, protein and lipids makes these macromolecules easily modifiable, but they are also susceptible to damage from both endogenous and exogenous agents. Alkylation and oxidation show a potential to disrupt the cellular redox equilibrium and cause cellular damage leading to inflammation and even chronic disease. Furthermore, DNA damage can drive mutagenesis and the resulting DNA sequence changes can induce carcinogenesis and cancer progression. Modified nucleosides can occur as a result of oxidative DNA damage and RNA turnover, and are used as markers for various diseases. To function properly some RNA needs to be chemically modified post-transcriptionally. Dysregulation of the RNA-modification pattern or of the levels of the enzymes that catalyze these modifications alters RNA functionality and can result in complex phenotypes, likely due to defects in protein translation. While modifications are best characterized in noncoding ribonucleic acids like tRNA and rRNA, coding mRNAs have also been found to contain modified nucleosides. This book is a valuable resource, not only for graduate students but also researchers in the fields of molecular medicine and molecular biology.

The Role Of Post Translational Modifications In Cancer Biology

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Author : Arun Kumar Trivedi
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2025-06-19

The Role Of Post Translational Modifications In Cancer Biology written by Arun Kumar Trivedi and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-06-19 with Medical categories.

Post translational modifications (PTMs) of a protein significantly impact on its structure and function which may have distinct ramifications in the biology of health and disease. Protein methylation may contribute to tumor suppressor activity, whereas histone acetylation can finely tune the genes response. Phosphorylation and SUMOylating of a protein may either enhance or mitigate their activity and play a role in their sub-compartmentalization within cell. Ubiquitination of proteins on the other hand though majorly drives their degradation, it may also impact their functionality. Abnormal status of any of these PTMs is frequently involved in cancer. Therefore, an integrative and deeper understanding of PTMs and their association with cancer pathology is important for therapeutical application for better treatment outcomes. A precise characterization of PTMs is important for the understanding of protein regulatory mechanisms and their role in disease. However, experimental studies focusing on such PTMs of key oncogenic factors are very limited. The aim of this Research Topic is to provide a deeper insight into basic, translational, and clinical research of protein modifications.

Rna Modification

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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2007-09-13

Rna Modification written by and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-09-13 with Science categories.

The presence of modified nucleotides in cellular RNAs has been known for decades and over 100 distinct RNA modifications have been characterized to date. While the exact role of many of these modifications is still unclear, many are highly conserved across evolution and most contribute to the overall fitness of the organism. In recent years, new methods and bioinformatics approaches have been developed for the dissection of modification pathways and functions. These methods intersect a number of related fields, ranging from RNA processing to comparative genomics and systems biology. In addition, many of the techniques described in this volume have broad applicability, particularly in regards to the isolation, characterization, and reconstitution of ribonucleoprotein complexes, expanding the experimental repertoire available to all RNA researchers.

Rna Structure And Function

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Author : Jan Barciszewski
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-11-03

Rna Structure And Function written by Jan Barciszewski and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-11-03 with Science categories.

This book focuses on the current status of our understanding of RNA, a key biological molecule. The various RNAs covered are messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA, noncoding RNAs, modified nucleosides, and RNA enzymes. The different chapters detail methods to investigate RNA structure and function, the chemistry of modified RNAs, and the latest advances in our understanding of the vast array of biological processes in which RNA is involved. RNA, in one form or another, touches almost everything in a cell. RNA has both structural and catalytic properties. RNA fulfills a broad range of functions. These molecules are no longer seen as passive elements transferring the genetic information from DNA into proteins but regulate the activity of genes during development, cellular differentiation, and changing environments. RNAs are involved in various aspects of cell physiology and disease development. Discoveries of RNA with unexpected diverse functions in healthy and diseased cells, such as the role of RNA as both the source and countermeasure to cancer or severe viral infection, stimulate new trends, passion, and solutions for molecular medicine. In this book, fundamental questions about the biochemical and genetic importance of RNA, how mRNAs are generated and used to produce proteins, how noncoding and catalytic RNAs mediate key cellular processes, how to determine RNA structure and how to apply RNA in treatment of diseases. This book is an essential resource for researches in academia and industry contributing to the development of new RNA therapeutics. The book is geared toward scientists from the graduate level on up and particularly appeals to active investigators in RNA biology, molecular biology, and biochemistry.

Modifications Of Nuclear Dna And Its Regulatory Proteins

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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2011-06-02

Modifications Of Nuclear Dna And Its Regulatory Proteins written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-02 with Science categories.

DNA methylation is essential for the normal development and functioning of organisms. This volume discusses the latest developments in this very active field of research. It presents the evolution of DNA methylation, mammalian DNA methyltransferases, DNA methylation and demethlyation, DNA methylation and silencing and the role it plays in medicine including cancer. - Discusses new discoveries, approaches, and ideas - Contributions from leading scholars and industry experts - Reference guide for researchers involved in molecular biology and related fields

Handbook Of Chemical Biology Of Nucleic Acids

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Author : Naoki Sugimoto
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-07-29

Handbook Of Chemical Biology Of Nucleic Acids written by Naoki Sugimoto and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-07-29 with Science categories.

This handbook is the first to comprehensively cover nucleic acids from fundamentals to recent advances and applications. It is divided into 10 sections where authors present not only basic knowledge but also recent research. Each section consists of extensive review chapters covering the chemistry, biology, and biophysics of nucleic acids as well as their applications in molecular medicine, biotechnology and nanotechnology. All sections within this book are: Physical Chemistry of Nucleic Acids (Section Editor: Prof. Roland Winter), Structural Chemistry of Nucleic Acids (Section Editor: Prof. Janez Plavec), Organic Chemistry of Nucleic Acids (Section Editor: Prof. Piet Herdewijin), Ligand Chemistry of Nucleic Acids (Section Editor: Prof. Marie-Paule Teulade-Fichou), Nucleic Acids and Gene Expression (Section Editor: Prof. Cynthia Burrows), Analytical Methods and Applications of Nucleic Acids (Section Editor: Prof. Chaoyong Yang), Nanotechnology and Nanomaterial Biology of Nucleic Acids (Section Editor: Prof. Zhen Xi), Nucleic Acids Therapeutics (Section Editor: Prof. Katherine Seley-Radtke), Biotechnology and Synthetic Biology of Nucleic Acids (Section Editor: Prof. Eriks Rozners), Functional Nucleic Acids (Section Editor: Prof. Keith R. Fox). The handbook is edited by outstanding leaders with contributions written by international renowned experts. It is a valuable resource not only for researchers but also graduate students working in areas related to nucleic acids who would like to learn more about their important role and potential applications.

Biology Of Brain Disorders Cellular Substrates For Disrupted Synaptic Function And Experience Dependent Plasticity

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Author : Daniela Tropea
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-09-26

Biology Of Brain Disorders Cellular Substrates For Disrupted Synaptic Function And Experience Dependent Plasticity written by Daniela Tropea and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-26 with Science categories.

Rna Modifications And Epitranscriptomics

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Author : Xiao Han
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-05-05

Rna Modifications And Epitranscriptomics written by Xiao Han and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-05 with Science categories.

Dna Modifications In The Brain

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Author : Timothy W Bredy
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2016-12-23

Dna Modifications In The Brain written by Timothy W Bredy and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-12-23 with Science categories.

DNA Modifications in the Brain: Neuroepigenetic Regulation of Gene Expression begins with an historical overview of the early discoveries surrounding DNA methylation in the mammalian brain and then explores the evidence supporting a role for this epigenetic mechanism in controlling gene expression programs across the lifespan in both normal and diseased states. Chapters describe new directions and technological advances, and provide an overview of what the future holds for this exciting new field. This book is ideal for medical, graduate and advanced undergraduate students, but is also a great resource for researchers who need a broad introduction to the dynamic nature of DNA that sheds light on evolving concepts of gene-environment interaction and their effects on adaptation and neuropsychiatric disease. - Provides a comprehensive overview of the many facets of DNA modifications - Discusses the impact of this dynamic epigenetic mechanism across brain development and lifespan at behavioral, cognitive, molecular and genetic levels - Contains contributions by influential leaders in the field - Edited by a Neuroscientist to further promote synthesis between epigenetics, neuroscience, and clinical relevance