Bottom Up Linguistics
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Bottom Up Linguistics
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Author : Paul Rastall
language : en
Publisher: Masarykova univerzita
Release Date : 2019-01-01
Bottom Up Linguistics written by Paul Rastall and has been published by Masarykova univerzita this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-01 with Crafts & Hobbies categories.
Lingvistika zdola nahoru představuje alternativu k většině mainstreamových pohledů na jazyk a na lingvistickou analýzu. Tento přístup zkoumá jazykové jednotky a vztahy v jejich vícerozměrné diverzitě. Současně jazykové jednotky pojímá jako způsob, jakým mluvčí vyjadřují své komunikační potřeby, a jako způsob, jakým se tvoří verbální skutečnost. K zobecněním se dospívá z pozorování, přičemž se respektuje diverzita uvnitř jazyků a napříč jazyky. Přístup bere v potaz jak informační, tak signalizační vlastnosti řeči.
Indigenous Literacies In The Americas
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Author : Nancy H. Hornberger
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Release Date : 2012-10-25
Indigenous Literacies In The Americas written by Nancy H. Hornberger and has been published by Walter de Gruyter this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-25 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE SOCIOLOGY OF LANGUAGE brings to students, researchers and practitioners in all of the social and language-related sciences carefully selected book-length publications dealing with sociolinguistic theory, methods, findings and applications. It approaches the study of language in society in its broadest sense, as a truly international and interdisciplinary field in which various approaches, theoretical and empirical, supplement and complement each other. The series invites the attention of linguists, language teachers of all interests, sociologists, political scientists, anthropologists, historians etc. to the development of the sociology of language.
Bottom Up Linguistics
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Author : RASTALL
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019-11-30
Bottom Up Linguistics written by RASTALL and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-30 with categories.
Attitudes To Endangered Languages
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Author : Julia Sallabank
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2013-12-19
Attitudes To Endangered Languages written by Julia Sallabank and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-19 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Language attitudes and ideologies are of key importance in assessing the chances of success of revitalisation efforts for endangered languages. However, few book-length studies relate attitudes to language policies, or address the changing attitudes of non-speakers and the motivations of members of language movements. Through a combination of ethnographic research and quantitative surveys, this book presents an in-depth study of revitalisation efforts for indigenous languages in three small islands round the British Isles. The author identifies and confronts key issues commonly faced by practitioners and researchers working in small language communities with little institutional support. This book explores the complex relationship of ideologies, identity and language-related beliefs and practices, and examines the implications of these factors for language revitalisation measures. Essential reading for researchers interested in language endangerment and revitalisation, sociolinguistics, linguistic anthropology and language policy and planning, as well as language planners and campaigners.
Bottom Up And Top Down Processes In Reading
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Author : Michael Dambacher
language : en
Publisher: Universitätsverlag Potsdam
Release Date : 2010
Bottom Up And Top Down Processes In Reading written by Michael Dambacher and has been published by Universitätsverlag Potsdam this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
In reading, word frequency is commonly regarded as the major bottom-up determinant for the speed of lexical access. Moreover, language processing depends on top-down information, such as the predictability of a word from a previous context. Yet, however, the exact role of top-down predictions in visual word recognition is poorly understood: They may rapidly affect lexical processes, or alternatively, influence only late post-lexical stages. To add evidence about the nature of top-down processes and their relation to bottom-up information in the timeline of word recognition, we examined influences of frequency and predictability on event-related potentials (ERPs) in several sentence reading studies. The results were related to eye movements from natural reading as well as to models of word recognition. As a first and major finding, interactions of frequency and predictability on ERP amplitudes consistently revealed top-down influences on lexical levels of word processing (Chapters 2 and 4). Second, frequency and predictability mediated relations between N400 amplitudes and fixation durations, pointing to their sensitivity to a common stage of word recognition; further, larger N400 amplitudes entailed longer fixation durations on the next word, a result providing evidence for ongoing processing beyond a fixation (Chapter 3). Third, influences of presentation rate on ERP frequency and predictability effects demonstrated that the time available for word processing critically co-determines the course of bottom-up and top-down influences (Chapter 4). Fourth, at a near-normal reading speed, an early predictability effect suggested the rapid comparison of top-down hypotheses with the actual visual input (Chapter 5). The present results are compatible with interactive models of word recognition assuming that early lexical processes depend on the concerted impact of bottom-up and top-down information. We offered a framework that reconciles the findings on a timeline of word recognition taking into account influences of frequency, predictability, and presentation rate (Chapter 4).
English L2 Reading
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Author : Barbara M. Birch
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-07-22
English L2 Reading written by Barbara M. Birch and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-22 with Education categories.
English L2 Reading: Getting to the Bottom uses research-based insights to examine bottom-up skills in reading English as a second language. This fourth edition clearly presents core concepts alongside their practical applications to teaching contexts, with updated research findings, a new focus on metalinguistic awareness, and new resources for students. The text’s pedagogical features help readers connect linguistic details and psycholinguistic theory with practical explanations and teaching suggestions. Pre-reading Questions challenge readers to analyze their own experiences. Study Guide Questions allow readers to review, discuss, and assess their knowledge. Discussion Questions elaborate on themes in each chapter, while the new Language Awareness Activities help develop metalinguistic awareness. Three Appendices provide tables that list the graphemes and the phonemes of English, as well as a brand-new dictionary pronunciation guide. New to the fourth edition: Substantially revised and updated research on linguistics New, evidence-based models on the reading process Language Awareness Activities that highlight metalinguistic awareness Word study examples in each chapter For teachers, teacher trainers, reading researchers, or anyone interested in teaching reading, this popular, comprehensive, myth-debunking text provides clear and practical guidance towards effectively supplementing top-down teaching approaches with bottom-up reading strategies.
Global Englishes For Language Teaching
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Author : Heath Rose
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2019-01-24
Global Englishes For Language Teaching written by Heath Rose and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-24 with Foreign Language Study categories.
Provides a ground-breaking attempt to unite discussions on the pedagogical implications of the global spread of English, and lobby for change.
Transdisciplinary Approach To Language Study
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Author : J. Filipovi?
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-04-29
Transdisciplinary Approach To Language Study written by J. Filipovi? and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-04-29 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book is about complexity-driven, trandsisciplinary approach to language study. It illustrates how complexity science can be applied in the research of language and society in order to create and sustain a transdisciplinary dialogue across interested communities of practice which may be beneficial in improving living conditions of real people.
Introducing Applied Linguistics
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Author : Ronald Carter
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Introducing Applied Linguistics written by Ronald Carter and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Applied linguistics categories.
Georgetown University Round Table On Languages And Linguistics Gurt 1991 Linguistics And Language Pedagogy
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Author : James E. Alatis
language : en
Publisher: Georgetown University Press
Release Date : 1992-04-01
Georgetown University Round Table On Languages And Linguistics Gurt 1991 Linguistics And Language Pedagogy written by James E. Alatis and has been published by Georgetown University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992-04-01 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.