Civil Liability For Artificial Intelligence And Software
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Civil Liability For Artificial Intelligence And Software
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Author : Mark A. Geistfeld
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2022-11-21
Civil Liability For Artificial Intelligence And Software written by Mark A. Geistfeld and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-11-21 with Law categories.
Initiated by the European Commission, the first study published in this volume analyses the largely unresolved question as to how damage caused by artificial intelligence (AI) systems is allocated by the rules of tortious liability currently in force in the Member States of the European Union and in the United States, to examine whether - and if so, to what extent - national tort law regimes differ in that respect, and to identify possible gaps in the protection of injured parties. The second study offers guiding principles for safety and liability with regard to software, testing how the existing acquis needs to be adjusted in order to adequately cope with the risks posed by software and AI. The annex contains the final report of the New Technologies Formation of the Expert Group on Liability and New Technologies, assessing the extent to which existing liability schemes are adapted to the emerging market realities following the development of new digital technologies.
Toward A Conceptual Network For The Private Law Of Artificial Intelligence
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Author : Paweł Księżak
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-01-16
Toward A Conceptual Network For The Private Law Of Artificial Intelligence written by Paweł Księżak and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-16 with Law categories.
This book provides a set of proposals for the new conceptual network required in order to establish civil law rules for a world permeated by Artificial Intelligence. These proposals are intended by their authors to push the debate on the new civil law forward. In spite of the natural conservatism of jurists, some innovative or even futuristic ideas are called for, also because the future, even this not-so-distant one, is difficult to foresee. Paradoxically, and unlike in the past, this lack of knowledge must not stop us from planning. If it does, humankind may, as some pessimists already claim, lose its chance to win the battle for control of the world. The rise and expansion of Artificial Intelligence and robotics in recent years has highlighted a pressing need to create a suitable legal framework for this new phenomenon. The debate on the subject, although wide-ranging and involving many new legal documents, is still quite general and preliminary in nature, although these preparatory works illustrate the very real need to develop appropriate new civil law arrangements. It is exactly the branch of private law where the necessity of these new rules appears to be the most imperative. Autonomous vehicles, medical robots, and expertise software raise fundamental questions on aspects of civil liability such as culpability; whereas the growth in popularity of automated, intelligent software systems for concluding contracts requires a new approach to many fundamental and deeply rooted elements of contract law, e.g. consciousness, intent, error, deception, interpretation of contracts and good faith. Ruling on these specific matters demands the identification and clarification of certain key points, which shall become the foundation for constructing AI/robot civil law.
Three Liability Regimes For Artificial Intelligence
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Author : Anna Beckers
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2021-12-02
Three Liability Regimes For Artificial Intelligence written by Anna Beckers and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-02 with Law categories.
This book proposes three liability regimes to combat the wide responsibility gaps caused by AI systems – vicarious liability for autonomous software agents (actants); enterprise liability for inseparable human-AI interactions (hybrids); and collective fund liability for interconnected AI systems (crowds). Based on information technology studies, the book first develops a threefold typology that distinguishes individual, hybrid and collective machine behaviour. A subsequent social science analysis specifies the socio-digital institutions related to this threefold typology. Then it determines the social risks that emerge when algorithms operate within these institutions. Actants raise the risk of digital autonomy, hybrids the risk of double contingency in human-algorithm encounters, crowds the risk of opaque interconnections. The book demonstrates that the law needs to respond to these specific risks, by recognising personified algorithms as vicarious agents, human-machine associations as collective enterprises, and interconnected systems as risk pools – and by developing corresponding liability rules. The book relies on a unique combination of information technology studies, sociological institution and risk analysis, and comparative law. This approach uncovers recursive relations between types of machine behaviour, emergent socio-digital institutions, their concomitant risks, legal conditions of liability rules, and ascription of legal status to the algorithms involved.
Liability For Crimes Involving Artificial Intelligence Systems
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Author : Gabriel Hallevy
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-11-06
Liability For Crimes Involving Artificial Intelligence Systems written by Gabriel Hallevy and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-06 with Law categories.
The book develops a general legal theory concerning the liability for offenses involving artificial intelligence systems. The involvement of the artificial intelligence systems in these offenses may be as perpetrators, accomplices or mere instruments. The general legal theory proposed in this book is based on the current criminal law in most modern legal systems. In most modern countries, unmanned vehicles, sophisticated surgical systems, industrial computing systems, trading algorithms and other artificial intelligence systems are commonly used for both industrial and personal purposes. The question of legal liability arises when something goes wrong, e.g. the unmanned vehicle is involved in a car accident, the surgical system is involved in a surgical error or the trading algorithm is involved in fraud, etc. Who is to be held liable for these offenses: the manufacturer, the programmer, the user, or, perhaps, the artificial intelligence system itself? The concept of liability for crimes involving artificial intelligence systems has not yet been widely researched. Advanced technologies are forcing society to face new challenges, both technical and legal. The idea of liability in the specific context of artificial intelligence systems is one such challenge that should be thoroughly explored.
Tort Liability And Autonomous Systems Accidents
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Author : Phillip Morgan
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2023-10-06
Tort Liability And Autonomous Systems Accidents written by Phillip Morgan and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-10-06 with Law categories.
Autonomous systems driven by artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have significant potential for increased productivity and improved safety in many sectors, but it is inevitable that some accidents will occur. The law needs an adequate way to respond to these scenarios and compensate those wrongfully injured. This comprehensive book examines the unique difficulties that autonomous systems create for existing accident compensation systems founded on tort, and proposes solutions.
Law Technology And Innovation
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Author : Leonardo Parentoni
language : en
Publisher: Expert Editora
Release Date : 2021
Law Technology And Innovation written by Leonardo Parentoni and has been published by Expert Editora this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Business & Economics categories.
his book is part of the collection sponsored by the Brazilian Research Center on Law, Technology and Innovation – DTIBR, a private nonprofit interdisciplinary membership association that works to bridge academia and business, as well as publishing papers and books focused on cutting edge technologies and their legal aspects. The book assembles the best papers from the students, properly revised, in expanded and updated versions. Invited coauthors from other top-ranked universities in Brazil, as well as foreign scholars, also shared their thoughts, experience and impressions about that important subject. In the following pages, the reader will find 13 texts about many aspects of AI technology, not only in the legal field but also from the perspective of other areas, such as ethics, philosophy, computer sciences, medicine, civil law, business law, privacy and personal data protection.
Beyond Intellect And Reasoning
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Author : Acres A Stowe
language : en
Publisher: Page Publishing Inc
Release Date : 2022-03-31
Beyond Intellect And Reasoning written by Acres A Stowe and has been published by Page Publishing Inc this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-31 with Law categories.
The purpose of this book is to draw readers’ attention to various legal intricacies associated with deploying self-directed artificial intelligence systems (AIS), particularly emphasizing the limits of the law, vis-à-vis liability problems that may emerge within third-party contracts. With the advent of today’s ostensive “Amazon Halo or Alexa,” consumers are having to conclude contracts (e.g., sale of goods and distant financial services) in much more complex (cybernetic) environments. Generally, with one party acting in the capacity of a human being while the other (as an autonomous thing/device [AIS] with capabilities well beyond that of humans) representing the interests of others (not just other humans). Yet traditional jurisprudence is limited in scope for holding these systems legally accountable if they were to malfunction and cause harm. Interestingly, within the judicial system itself, the use of AIS is more prevalent now, including within the criminal justice system in some jurisdictions. In the United States, for instance, AIS algorithms are utilized to determine sentencing and bail processing. Still, jurists find themselves limited to traditional legal methodologies and tools when tackling novel situations brought about by these systems. For example, traditional strict liability concept, as applied in tort law, typically ties responsibility to the person(s) (e.g., AIS developers) influencing the decision-making process. In contract law, particularly where third parties are concerned, AIS are equated to tools for the purposes of traditional strict liability rules. Thus, binding anyone on whose behalf they would have acted (irrespective of whether such acts were intentional or foreseeable).
Liability For Artificial Intelligence And The Internet Of Things
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Author : Sebastian Lohsse
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Liability For Artificial Intelligence And The Internet Of Things written by Sebastian Lohsse and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Artificial intelligence categories.
"The year 2018 will feature a number of key developments in shaping the digital single market. Whereas some issues are now in the final stages of the legislative process, other key topics are in their infancy and therefore, in line with the objective of the Münster Colloquia on EU Law and the Digital Economy, require in-depth discussion as to how EU law should react to the challenges and needs of the digital economy. The 2018 Münster colloquium will focus on an issue central to the digital single market: The "Liability for Robotics and in the Internet of Things". The European legislator faces the challenge to decide between adapting existing product liability rules or the creation of new concept of objective liability for autonomous systems. The 2018 Münster colloquium will provide a forum for intense discussion of these questions between renowned experts on digital law, representatives from the EU institutions, and from industry."--Bloomsbury Publishing
A Legal Theory For Autonomous Artificial Agents
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Author : Samir Chopra
language : en
Publisher: University of Michigan Press
Release Date : 2011-07-18
A Legal Theory For Autonomous Artificial Agents written by Samir Chopra and has been published by University of Michigan Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-07-18 with Computers categories.
What legal status should be granted to artificial agents?
Judgement Proof Robots And Artificial Intelligence
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Author : Mitja Kovač
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-09-03
Judgement Proof Robots And Artificial Intelligence written by Mitja Kovač and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-03 with Political Science categories.
This book addresses the role of public policy in regulating the autonomous artificial intelligence and related civil liability for damage caused by the robots (and any form of artificial intelligence). It is a very timely book, focusing on the consequences of judgment proofness of autonomous decision-making on tort law, risk and safety regulation, and the incentives stemming from these. This book is extremely important as regulatory endeavours concerning AI are in their infancy at most, whereas the industry’s development is continuing in a strong way. It is an important scientific contribution that will bring scientific objectivity to a, to date, very one-sided academic treatment of legal scholarship on AI.