Three Liability Regimes For Artificial Intelligence
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Three Liability Regimes For Artificial Intelligence
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Author : Anna Beckers
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2021-12-02
Three Liability Regimes For Artificial Intelligence written by Anna Beckers and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-02 with Law categories.
This book proposes three liability regimes to combat the wide responsibility gaps caused by AI systems – vicarious liability for autonomous software agents (actants); enterprise liability for inseparable human-AI interactions (hybrids); and collective fund liability for interconnected AI systems (crowds). Based on information technology studies, the book first develops a threefold typology that distinguishes individual, hybrid and collective machine behaviour. A subsequent social science analysis specifies the socio-digital institutions related to this threefold typology. Then it determines the social risks that emerge when algorithms operate within these institutions. Actants raise the risk of digital autonomy, hybrids the risk of double contingency in human-algorithm encounters, crowds the risk of opaque interconnections. The book demonstrates that the law needs to respond to these specific risks, by recognising personified algorithms as vicarious agents, human-machine associations as collective enterprises, and interconnected systems as risk pools – and by developing corresponding liability rules. The book relies on a unique combination of information technology studies, sociological institution and risk analysis, and comparative law. This approach uncovers recursive relations between types of machine behaviour, emergent socio-digital institutions, their concomitant risks, legal conditions of liability rules, and ascription of legal status to the algorithms involved.
Three Liability Regimes For Artificial Intelligence
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Author : Anna Beckers
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2022-01-27
Three Liability Regimes For Artificial Intelligence written by Anna Beckers and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-27 with Law categories.
This book proposes three liability regimes to combat the wide responsibility gaps caused by AI systems – vicarious liability for autonomous software agents (actants); enterprise liability for inseparable human-AI interactions (hybrids); and collective fund liability for interconnected AI systems (crowds). Based on information technology studies, the book first develops a threefold typology that distinguishes individual, hybrid and collective machine behaviour. A subsequent social science analysis specifies the socio-digital institutions related to this threefold typology. Then it determines the social risks that emerge when algorithms operate within these institutions. Actants raise the risk of digital autonomy, hybrids the risk of double contingency in human-algorithm encounters, crowds the risk of opaque interconnections. The book demonstrates that the law needs to respond to these specific risks, by recognising personified algorithms as vicarious agents, human-machine associations as collective enterprises, and interconnected systems as risk pools – and by developing corresponding liability rules. The book relies on a unique combination of information technology studies, sociological institution and risk analysis, and comparative law. This approach uncovers recursive relations between types of machine behaviour, emergent socio-digital institutions, their concomitant risks, legal conditions of liability rules, and ascription of legal status to the algorithms involved.
Three Liability Regimes For Artificial Intelligence
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Author : Anna Beckers
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Three Liability Regimes For Artificial Intelligence written by Anna Beckers and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with Artificial intelligence categories.
This book proposes three liability regimes to combat the wide responsibility gaps caused by AI systems - vicarious liability for autonomous software agents (actants); enterprise liability for inseparable human-AI interactions (hybrids); and collective fund liability for interconnected AI systems (crowds). Based on information technology studies, the book first develops a threefold typology that distinguishes individual, hybrid and collective machine behaviour. A subsequent social science analysis specifies the socio-digital institutions related to this threefold typology. Then it determines the social risks that emerge when algorithms operate within these institutions. Actants raise the risk of digital autonomy, hybrids the risk of double contingency in human-algorithm encounters, crowds the risk of opaque interconnections. The book demonstrates that the law needs to respond to these specific risks, by recognising personified algorithms as vicarious agents, human-machine associations as collective enterprises, and interconnected systems as risk pools - and by developing corresponding liability rules. The book relies on a unique combination of information technology studies, sociological institution and risk analysis, and comparative law. This approach uncovers recursive relations between types of machine behaviour, emergent socio-digital institutions, their concomitant risks, legal conditions of liability rules, and ascription of legal status to the algorithms involved.
Legal Challenges In The New Digital Age
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Author : Ana Mercedes Lopez Rodriguez
language : en
Publisher: Brill Nijhoff
Release Date : 2021
Legal Challenges In The New Digital Age written by Ana Mercedes Lopez Rodriguez and has been published by Brill Nijhoff this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Law categories.
"The papers collected in this volume address the emerging issues in fresh and thoughtful ways. They lay the foundation for taming the brave new world that technological progress is now thrusting upon us"--
Adapting The Eu Civil Liability Regime To The Digital Age Artificial Intelligence Robotics And Other Emerging Technologies
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Author : Nikos Th. Nikolinakos
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2024-10-18
Adapting The Eu Civil Liability Regime To The Digital Age Artificial Intelligence Robotics And Other Emerging Technologies written by Nikos Th. Nikolinakos and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-10-18 with Law categories.
This book highlights the challenges that artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, the Internet of Things (IoT), and other emerging digital technologies pose to existing EU and national liability legislation, while also tracing the evolution of the relevant EU policy and legal framework. Recognising that Member States’ current national fault-based liability rules are ill-suited to handle compensation claims for AI-related harm, the book emphasises the difficulty victims face in proving fault and causation due to AI’s unique characteristics, such as autonomy and opacity (“black box” effect). Similarly, the current Product Liability Directive (PLD) has several shortcomings: certain products, economic actors, and types of damage in the digital and circular economy are not covered under strict liability; proving defectiveness and establishing a causal link with damage, especially for complex products, is often challenging; in addition, liability claims are subject to restrictive limits and thresholds. The book discusses in detail the European Commission’s proposal for a Directive on harmonising civil liability rules for damage caused by AI systems (the ‘proposed AI Liability Directive’). It also offers a thorough analysis of the European Commission’s proposal for a revised Product Liability Directive, compares it with the positions of the Council of the EU and the European Parliament, and discusses the final text approved by the Plenary of the European Parliament in March 2024. The book incorporates comments from various parties, offering insights into the approaches of EU institutions and the conflicting interests among stakeholders. Presenting carefully grounded arguments, this volume serves as a valuable resource for understanding the interplay between policy and law within the new EU liability framework for AI and other innovative products. This forthcoming EU regime represents a significant shift in the liability landscape, potentially heightening litigation risks. Its success will depend on achieving the EU’s overarching objective: ensuring fair compensation while fostering technological innovation.
Ai Governance And Liability In Europe
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Author : Ceyhun Necati Pehlivan
language : en
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Release Date : 2025-01-22
Ai Governance And Liability In Europe written by Ceyhun Necati Pehlivan and has been published by Kluwer Law International B.V. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-01-22 with Law categories.
AI Governance and Liability in Europe: A Primer Edited by Ceyhun Necati Pehlivan, Nikolaus Forgó & Peggy Valcke In very short order, the artificial intelligence (AI) phenomenon has prompted many governance frameworks at every level of legal authority, from prominent international institutions to local government. This first-of-its-kind book, authored by prestigious scholars and top-tier professionals, provides exhaustive coverage of all AI regulatory developments affecting the Member States of the EU, focusing on the EU Artificial Intelligence Act and its ramifications. The contributors apply in-depth analysis to aspects of this burgeoning field of law and practice such as the following: key intersections of AI with competition law, data protection, intellectual property, and human rights; an article-by-article commentary on the Proposal for an EU AI Liability Directive; a broad spectrum of regulatory issues such as fairness, accuracy, transparency, human-centredness, trustworthiness, sustainability, and gender equity; questions about convergence and divergence among multiple governance frameworks; thorough examination of AI training with publicly available data in line with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR); and rapid changes in AI technology that are shaping the regulatory response. As the EU AI Act now has legal force, an immediate question concerns its effective implementation and enforcement. This includes the extent to which the frameworks offered by the OECD and UNESCO, as well as the Council of Europe’s Framework Convention on AI – and the global reach of AI regulation in the United States, China, and other countries – will affect legal compliance in Europe. This book’s in-depth legal insights and detailed commentary will equip legal professionals to apply regulatory standards, enhancing their practice and ensuring compliance with evolving laws. As a critical tool for policymakers, it provides well-informed perspectives that can guide the development of robust and forward-thinking AI regulations and policies. Its interdisciplinary reach and relevance will prove beneficial to many, including data protection officers, intellectual property lawyers, and competition law specialists.
Augmented Reality And Artificial Intelligence
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Author : Vladimir Geroimenko
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-04-29
Augmented Reality And Artificial Intelligence written by Vladimir Geroimenko and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-04-29 with Computers categories.
This book is the first research monograph that explores a new research field and practical applications produced by the combined use of two of the most advanced and powerful technologies available in today’s world – Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Augmented Reality (AR). It is written by a team of 50 researchers and practitioners from 16 countries, which has enabled a thorough coverage of emerging or previously unexplored subject areas. The authors consider practical, theoretical, and cultural aspects of “AI-powered AR” and “AR-enriched AI”, and their usage in a large variety of areas, such as education, medicine, healthcare, dentistry, pharmacy, active lifestyle, smart services, fashion, retail, recommender systems, and several others. Augmented Reality and Artificial Intelligence: The Fusion of Advanced Technologies is essential reading not only for researchers, practitioners and technology developers, but also for students (both graduates and undergraduates) and anyone who is interested in building a comprehensive understanding of the emerging fields of “intelligent augmented environments” and “artificial intelligence presented by augmented reality”.
Research Handbook On Corporate Liability
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Author : Martin Petrin
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2023-08-14
Research Handbook On Corporate Liability written by Martin Petrin and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-08-14 with Law categories.
This Research Handbook considers many aspects of corporate liability, beginning with a fundamental explanation of what the company is, through depictions of corporate liability in theory, to the key areas of liability in practice. Interdisciplinary in nature, the contributions cover corporate and participant liability under statutory law, tort and criminal law, and corporate fiduciary and securities law. Specific perspectives include those on vicarious liability in tort and its application to corporations, and accountability for AI labour.
Toward A Conceptual Network For The Private Law Of Artificial Intelligence
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Author : Paweł Księżak
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-01-16
Toward A Conceptual Network For The Private Law Of Artificial Intelligence written by Paweł Księżak and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-16 with Law categories.
This book provides a set of proposals for the new conceptual network required in order to establish civil law rules for a world permeated by Artificial Intelligence. These proposals are intended by their authors to push the debate on the new civil law forward. In spite of the natural conservatism of jurists, some innovative or even futuristic ideas are called for, also because the future, even this not-so-distant one, is difficult to foresee. Paradoxically, and unlike in the past, this lack of knowledge must not stop us from planning. If it does, humankind may, as some pessimists already claim, lose its chance to win the battle for control of the world. The rise and expansion of Artificial Intelligence and robotics in recent years has highlighted a pressing need to create a suitable legal framework for this new phenomenon. The debate on the subject, although wide-ranging and involving many new legal documents, is still quite general and preliminary in nature, although these preparatory works illustrate the very real need to develop appropriate new civil law arrangements. It is exactly the branch of private law where the necessity of these new rules appears to be the most imperative. Autonomous vehicles, medical robots, and expertise software raise fundamental questions on aspects of civil liability such as culpability; whereas the growth in popularity of automated, intelligent software systems for concluding contracts requires a new approach to many fundamental and deeply rooted elements of contract law, e.g. consciousness, intent, error, deception, interpretation of contracts and good faith. Ruling on these specific matters demands the identification and clarification of certain key points, which shall become the foundation for constructing AI/robot civil law.
Artificial Intelligence In Society
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2019-06-11
Artificial Intelligence In Society written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-11 with categories.
The artificial intelligence (AI) landscape has evolved significantly from 1950 when Alan Turing first posed the question of whether machines can think. Today, AI is transforming societies and economies. It promises to generate productivity gains, improve well-being and help address global challenges, such as climate change, resource scarcity and health crises.