Three Liability Regimes For Artificial Intelligence
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Three Liability Regimes For Artificial Intelligence
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Author : Anna Beckers
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Three Liability Regimes For Artificial Intelligence written by Anna Beckers and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with Artificial intelligence categories.
This book proposes three liability regimes to combat the wide responsibility gaps caused by AI systems - vicarious liability for autonomous software agents (actants); enterprise liability for inseparable human-AI interactions (hybrids); and collective fund liability for interconnected AI systems (crowds). Based on information technology studies, the book first develops a threefold typology that distinguishes individual, hybrid and collective machine behaviour. A subsequent social science analysis specifies the socio-digital institutions related to this threefold typology. Then it determines the social risks that emerge when algorithms operate within these institutions. Actants raise the risk of digital autonomy, hybrids the risk of double contingency in human-algorithm encounters, crowds the risk of opaque interconnections. The book demonstrates that the law needs to respond to these specific risks, by recognising personified algorithms as vicarious agents, human-machine associations as collective enterprises, and interconnected systems as risk pools - and by developing corresponding liability rules. The book relies on a unique combination of information technology studies, sociological institution and risk analysis, and comparative law. This approach uncovers recursive relations between types of machine behaviour, emergent socio-digital institutions, their concomitant risks, legal conditions of liability rules, and ascription of legal status to the algorithms involved.
Civil Liability For Artificial Intelligence And Software
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Author : Mark A. Geistfeld
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2022-11-21
Civil Liability For Artificial Intelligence And Software written by Mark A. Geistfeld and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-11-21 with Law categories.
Initiated by the European Commission, the first study published in this volume analyses the largely unresolved question as to how damage caused by artificial intelligence (AI) systems is allocated by the rules of tortious liability currently in force in the Member States of the European Union and in the United States, to examine whether - and if so, to what extent - national tort law regimes differ in that respect, and to identify possible gaps in the protection of injured parties. The second study offers guiding principles for safety and liability with regard to software, testing how the existing acquis needs to be adjusted in order to adequately cope with the risks posed by software and AI. The annex contains the final report of the New Technologies Formation of the Expert Group on Liability and New Technologies, assessing the extent to which existing liability schemes are adapted to the emerging market realities following the development of new digital technologies.
Law And Artificial Intelligence
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Author : Bart Custers
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-07-05
Law And Artificial Intelligence written by Bart Custers and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-07-05 with Law categories.
This book provides an in-depth overview of what is currently happening in the field of Law and Artificial Intelligence (AI). From deep fakes and disinformation to killer robots, surgical robots, and AI lawmaking, the many and varied contributors to this volume discuss how AI could and should be regulated in the areas of public law, including constitutional law, human rights law, criminal law, and tax law, as well as areas of private law, including liability law, competition law, and consumer law. Aimed at an audience without a background in technology, this book covers how AI changes these areas of law as well as legal practice itself. This scholarship should prove of value to academics in several disciplines (e.g., law, ethics, sociology, politics, and public administration) and those who may find themselves confronted with AI in the course of their work, particularly people working within the legal domain (e.g., lawyers, judges, law enforcement officers, public prosecutors, lawmakers, and policy advisors). Bart Custers is Professor of Law and Data Science at eLaw - Center for Law and Digital Technologies at Leiden University in the Netherlands. Eduard Fosch-Villaronga is Assistant Professor at eLaw - Center for Law and Digital Technologies at Leiden University in the Netherlands.
Three Liability Regimes For Artificial Intelligence
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Author : Anna Beckers
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2021-12-02
Three Liability Regimes For Artificial Intelligence written by Anna Beckers and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-02 with Law categories.
This book proposes three liability regimes to combat the wide responsibility gaps caused by AI systems – vicarious liability for autonomous software agents (actants); enterprise liability for inseparable human-AI interactions (hybrids); and collective fund liability for interconnected AI systems (crowds). Based on information technology studies, the book first develops a threefold typology that distinguishes individual, hybrid and collective machine behaviour. A subsequent social science analysis specifies the socio-digital institutions related to this threefold typology. Then it determines the social risks that emerge when algorithms operate within these institutions. Actants raise the risk of digital autonomy, hybrids the risk of double contingency in human-algorithm encounters, crowds the risk of opaque interconnections. The book demonstrates that the law needs to respond to these specific risks, by recognising personified algorithms as vicarious agents, human-machine associations as collective enterprises, and interconnected systems as risk pools – and by developing corresponding liability rules. The book relies on a unique combination of information technology studies, sociological institution and risk analysis, and comparative law. This approach uncovers recursive relations between types of machine behaviour, emergent socio-digital institutions, their concomitant risks, legal conditions of liability rules, and ascription of legal status to the algorithms involved.
Artificial Intelligence And The Law
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Author : Dennis J. Baker
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-10-29
Artificial Intelligence And The Law written by Dennis J. Baker and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-29 with Computers categories.
This volume presents new research in artificial intelligence (AI) and Law with special reference to criminal justice. It brings together leading international experts including computer scientists, lawyers, judges and cyber-psychologists. The book examines some of the core problems that technology raises for criminal law ranging from privacy and data protection, to cyber-warfare, through to the theft of virtual property. Focusing on the West and China, the work considers the issue of AI and the Law in a comparative context presenting the research from a cross-jurisdictional and cross-disciplinary approach. As China becomes a global leader in AI and technology, the book provides an essential in-depth understanding of domestic laws in both Western jurisdictions and China on criminal liability for cybercrime. As such, it will be a valuable resource for academics and researchers working in the areas of AI, technology and criminal justice.
Three Liability Regimes For Artificial Intelligence
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Author : Anna Beckers
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2021-12-02
Three Liability Regimes For Artificial Intelligence written by Anna Beckers and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-02 with Law categories.
This book proposes three liability regimes to combat the wide responsibility gaps caused by AI systems – vicarious liability for autonomous software agents (actants); enterprise liability for inseparable human-AI interactions (hybrids); and collective fund liability for interconnected AI systems (crowds). Based on information technology studies, the book first develops a threefold typology that distinguishes individual, hybrid and collective machine behaviour. A subsequent social science analysis specifies the socio-digital institutions related to this threefold typology. Then it determines the social risks that emerge when algorithms operate within these institutions. Actants raise the risk of digital autonomy, hybrids the risk of double contingency in human-algorithm encounters, crowds the risk of opaque interconnections. The book demonstrates that the law needs to respond to these specific risks, by recognising personified algorithms as vicarious agents, human-machine associations as collective enterprises, and interconnected systems as risk pools – and by developing corresponding liability rules. The book relies on a unique combination of information technology studies, sociological institution and risk analysis, and comparative law. This approach uncovers recursive relations between types of machine behaviour, emergent socio-digital institutions, their concomitant risks, legal conditions of liability rules, and ascription of legal status to the algorithms involved.
Liability For Crimes Involving Artificial Intelligence Systems
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Author : Gabriel Hallevy
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-11-06
Liability For Crimes Involving Artificial Intelligence Systems written by Gabriel Hallevy and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-06 with Law categories.
The book develops a general legal theory concerning the liability for offenses involving artificial intelligence systems. The involvement of the artificial intelligence systems in these offenses may be as perpetrators, accomplices or mere instruments. The general legal theory proposed in this book is based on the current criminal law in most modern legal systems. In most modern countries, unmanned vehicles, sophisticated surgical systems, industrial computing systems, trading algorithms and other artificial intelligence systems are commonly used for both industrial and personal purposes. The question of legal liability arises when something goes wrong, e.g. the unmanned vehicle is involved in a car accident, the surgical system is involved in a surgical error or the trading algorithm is involved in fraud, etc. Who is to be held liable for these offenses: the manufacturer, the programmer, the user, or, perhaps, the artificial intelligence system itself? The concept of liability for crimes involving artificial intelligence systems has not yet been widely researched. Advanced technologies are forcing society to face new challenges, both technical and legal. The idea of liability in the specific context of artificial intelligence systems is one such challenge that should be thoroughly explored.
Artificial Intelligence And Normative Challenges
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Author : Angelos Kornilakis
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-11-20
Artificial Intelligence And Normative Challenges written by Angelos Kornilakis and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-11-20 with Law categories.
Artificial intelligence (AI) – both in its current, comparatively limited form and even more so in its potential future forms (such as general and superintelligence) – has raised both concerns and hopes. Its actual and potential consequences are increasingly far-reaching, affecting almost every facet of human life on a collective and individual level: from the use of mobile phones and social media to autonomous weapons, and from the digitalization of knowledge and information to the patentability of AI innovations, unexpected philosophical, ontological, political and legal questions continue to arise.This book offers an insightful and essential guide to the scientific questions that are shaping humanity’s present and future. Presenting a collection of academic essays written by prominent scholars, it addresses the major legal issues concerning AI: its impact on a wide range of human behavior and the general legal response, including questions on AI and legal personhood; responsibility, liability and culpability in the age of AI; the challenges AI poses for intellectual property regimes; human rights challenges; and AI’s impact on jus ad bellum and jus in bello.Given its scope, the book will appeal to researchers, scholars and practitioners seeking a guide to this rapidly transforming landscape.
Algorithms And Law
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Author : Martin Ebers
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2020-07-23
Algorithms And Law written by Martin Ebers and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-23 with Computers categories.
Exploring issues from big-data to robotics, this volume is the first to comprehensively examine the regulatory implications of AI technology.
Beyond Intellect And Reasoning
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Author : Acres A Stowe
language : en
Publisher: Page Publishing Inc
Release Date : 2022-03-31
Beyond Intellect And Reasoning written by Acres A Stowe and has been published by Page Publishing Inc this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-31 with Law categories.
The purpose of this book is to draw readers’ attention to various legal intricacies associated with deploying self-directed artificial intelligence systems (AIS), particularly emphasizing the limits of the law, vis-à-vis liability problems that may emerge within third-party contracts. With the advent of today’s ostensive “Amazon Halo or Alexa,” consumers are having to conclude contracts (e.g., sale of goods and distant financial services) in much more complex (cybernetic) environments. Generally, with one party acting in the capacity of a human being while the other (as an autonomous thing/device [AIS] with capabilities well beyond that of humans) representing the interests of others (not just other humans). Yet traditional jurisprudence is limited in scope for holding these systems legally accountable if they were to malfunction and cause harm. Interestingly, within the judicial system itself, the use of AIS is more prevalent now, including within the criminal justice system in some jurisdictions. In the United States, for instance, AIS algorithms are utilized to determine sentencing and bail processing. Still, jurists find themselves limited to traditional legal methodologies and tools when tackling novel situations brought about by these systems. For example, traditional strict liability concept, as applied in tort law, typically ties responsibility to the person(s) (e.g., AIS developers) influencing the decision-making process. In contract law, particularly where third parties are concerned, AIS are equated to tools for the purposes of traditional strict liability rules. Thus, binding anyone on whose behalf they would have acted (irrespective of whether such acts were intentional or foreseeable).