Consumers Time Expenditures

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Consumers Time Expenditures

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Author : Philip E. Hendrix
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1983

Consumers Time Expenditures written by Philip E. Hendrix and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with Consumers categories.

Improving The Measurement Of Consumer Expenditures

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Author : Christopher D. Carroll
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2015-06-16

Improving The Measurement Of Consumer Expenditures written by Christopher D. Carroll and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-16 with Business & Economics categories.

Robust and reliable measures of consumer expenditures are essential for analyzing aggregate economic activity and for measuring differences in household circumstances. Many countries, including the United States, are embarking on ambitious projects to redesign surveys of consumer expenditures, with the goal of better capturing economic heterogeneity. This is an appropriate time to examine the way consumer expenditures are currently measured, and the challenges and opportunities that alternative approaches might present. Improving the Measurement of Consumer Expenditures begins with a comprehensive review of current methodologies for collecting consumer expenditure data. Subsequent chapters highlight the range of different objectives that expenditure surveys may satisfy, compare the data available from consumer expenditure surveys with that available from other sources, and describe how the United States’s current survey practices compare with those in other nations.

An Appropriate Model For The Estimation Of Consumer Time Expenditure Patterns On The Internet

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013

An Appropriate Model For The Estimation Of Consumer Time Expenditure Patterns On The Internet written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.

IPTS recently acquired a consumer internet clickstream database containing the full set of annual (2011) clickstream records for about 25,000 internet users in the five largest EU economies (UK, Germany, France, Italy and Spain). It contains time spend on each webpage and socio-economic characteristics of the internet users. This study describes a model of consumer Internet time use that is capable of empirical implementation with the clickstream database. A natural model of Internet search time could be developed to fit neatly with the database as it currently exists. The basic structure of such a model is discussed in detail. The study recommends that IPTS should not rely on any existing model of Internet time expenditures. There does not appear to be a good contender in the literature that would adequately address the requirements of IPTS nor the realities of available data. A purpose-built model needs to be considered.

Measuring What We Spend

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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2013-02-15

Measuring What We Spend written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-15 with Political Science categories.

The Consumer Expenditure (CE) surveys are the only source of information on the complete range of consumers' expenditures and incomes in the United States, as well as the characteristics of those consumers. The CE consists of two separate surveys: (1) a national sample of households interviewed five times at three-month intervals; and (2) a separate national sample of households that complete two consecutive one-week expenditure diaries. For more than 40 years, these surveys, the responsibility of the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), have been the principal source of knowledge about changing patterns of consumer spending in the U.S. population. In February 2009, BLS initiated the Gemini Project, the aim of which is to redesign the CE surveys to improve data quality through a verifiable reduction in measurement error with a particular focus on underreporting. The Gemini Project initiated a series of information-gathering meetings, conference sessions, forums, and workshops to identify appropriate strategies for improving CE data quality. As part of this effort, BLS requested the National Research Council's Committee on National Statistics (CNSTAT) to convene an expert panel to build on the Gemini Project by conducting further investigations and proposing redesign options for the CE surveys. The charge to the Panel on Redesigning the BLS Consumer Expenditure Surveys includes reviewing the output of a Gemini-convened data user needs forum and methods workshop and convening its own household survey producers workshop to obtain further input. In addition, the panel was tasked to commission options from contractors for consideration in recommending possible redesigns. The panel was further asked by BLS to create potential redesigns that would put a greater emphasis on proactive data collection to improve the measurement of consumer expenditures. Measuring What We Spend summarizes the deliberations and activities of the panel, discusses the conclusions about the uses of the CE surveys and why a redesign is needed, as well as recommendations for the future.

Life Study Of Consumer Expenditures

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1960

Life Study Of Consumer Expenditures written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1960 with Market surveys categories.

The Measurement Of Consumer S Expenditure And Behaviour In The United Kingdom

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Author : Richard Stone
language : en
Publisher: CUP Archive
Release Date : 1966

The Measurement Of Consumer S Expenditure And Behaviour In The United Kingdom written by Richard Stone and has been published by CUP Archive this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1966 with Consumers categories.

Time In The Budget Of The Consumer

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Author : Arthur S. De Vany
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1970

Time In The Budget Of The Consumer written by Arthur S. De Vany and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1970 with Consumers categories.

The purpose of the study is to develop and test a modification of the standard theory of consumer demand that yields implications concerning the consumer's allocation of time to consumption and income producing activities. Unlike the demand for leisure model, the theory does not treat leisure as a good or work as a bad. The consumer's time does not enter his utility function, only the quantities of goods consumed do. The consumer's time enters his budget constraint only. At a sufficiently high level of income, time may also become an additional constraint independent of the budget constraint. The principal hypothesis of the theory is that each good has a money price and a foregone earnings cost. (Author).

The Impact Of Payment Timing Variations On Consumer Spending

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Author : Wendy De La Rosa
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021

The Impact Of Payment Timing Variations On Consumer Spending written by Wendy De La Rosa and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.

Payment timing variations, or variations in the temporal patterns of when income is dispersed (Parsons and Van Wesep 2013), are a fundamental aspect of consumers' finances. However, scant research has focused on how payment timing variations impact consumers' behavior. In my dissertation, I seek to address this research gap by examining two essential sub-factors of payment timing: payment frequency (the number of times a consumer receives income within a given period) and intraweek payday timing (the day of the week in which consumers receive their income). In Chapter 1, I examine the role that payment frequency plays on consumers' spending and subjective wealth perceptions. Payment frequency is a fundamental yet underexplored feature of consumers' finances. As higher payment frequencies are becoming more prevalent, consumers are receiving more frequent yet smaller paychecks. An analysis of income and expenditure data of over 30,000 consumers from a financial services provider demonstrates a naturally occurring relationship between higher payment frequencies and increased spending. A series of lab studies support this finding, providing causal evidence that higher (vs. lower) payment frequencies increase spending. The effect of payment frequency on spending is driven by changes in consumers' subjective wealth perceptions. Specifically, higher payment frequencies reduce consumers' uncertainty in predicting whether they will have enough resources throughout a period, increasing their subjective wealth perceptions. As such, situational factors that reduce prediction uncertainty for those paid less frequently (e.g., the timing of consumers' expenses, income levels) moderate the impact of payment frequency. The effects of payment frequency on subjective wealth and spending can occur even when objective wealth favors those with lower payment frequencies. More broadly, the current work underscores a need to understand how timing variations in consumers' income impact their perceptions, behaviors, and general well-being. In Chapter 2, I examine the role of intraweek payday timing on consumers' spending and deserving justifications. Intraweek payday timing (i.e., the day of the week a consumer receives their paycheck) is a fundamental aspect of consumers' income. While consumers can receive their income on any day of the week, more than half of American workers receive their paychecks on Fridays. Surprisingly, despite the prevalence of Friday paydays, little is known about how this intraweek payday timing affects consumer spending. This research focuses on addressing this research gap and demonstrates that Friday paydays (vs. other paydays) increase consumers' total spending throughout a period. A real-world field study that manipulated the weekly paydays of 178 male Indian laborers demonstrated that a Friday payday (vs. a Monday payday) increased consumers' weekly spending by 20%. We suggest that Friday, which serves as a unique temporal landmark (marking both the beginning of the weekend and the end of the workweek), increases deserving justifications, which drive consumer spending. In line with this theorizing, the effect of a Friday payday was attenuated when Friday was no longer a unique temporal landmark (e.g., when Fridays did not mark the end of their workweek or the start of their weekend). A series of pre-registered experiments replicate the field study findings and suggest that Friday paydays increase consumers' deserving justifications, consequently increasing their spending. Across these chapters, I answer an important outstanding question in both marketing and economics. Do payment timing variations influence consumers' spending behaviors? And if so, how? The data outlined in these chapters demonstrate that payment timing variations influence consumers' perceptions and spending. These findings challenge the assumptions put forth by the Permanent Income Hypothesis (Friedman 1957), suggesting that absent any liquidity constraints, payment timing variations should not impact consumer spending. I hope that these chapters help generate new research into how different resource timing variations impact consumers. In these chapters, I analyze two types of payment timing variations (payment frequency and intraweek payday timing). Future research should focus on other payment timing variations such as income volatility (the variance in a consumers' income within a given period) or advance versus in arrears payments. Furthermore, these chapters focus on one type of consumer behavior: spending. It is important to understand the long-term impacts of these payment timing variations on other types of financial behaviors, including savings, investing, borrowing, and lending. Finally, future research might consider how the timing of other types of resources (e.g., time) impacts consumers' perceptions. Indeed, a pilot study suggests that consumers believe they have more leisure time when they receive smaller amounts of leisure time daily compared to larger amounts of leisure time once a week (see appendix O for more details). In sum, the current work underscores the need to understand the impact of different resource timing variations on consumers' perceptions, behaviors, and general well-being. Chapter 1 (De La Rosa and Tully 2021) was published in the Journal of Consumer Research. Chapter 2 (De La Rosa, Turner, Aaker and Mishra) is under review at the Journal of Consumer Research. I am the first author in each of these essays. Each chapter employs the use of first-person plural pronouns to emphasize the critical contributions made by my collaborators.

Survey Of Consumer Expenditures 1960 61

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1962

Survey Of Consumer Expenditures 1960 61 written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1962 with Consumers categories.

100 Years Of U S Consumer Spending

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006

100 Years Of U S Consumer Spending written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Consumption (Economics) categories.