Cross Over Trials In Clinical Research
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Cross Over Trials In Clinical Research
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Author : Stephen S. Senn
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2003-07-25
Cross Over Trials In Clinical Research written by Stephen S. Senn and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-07-25 with Mathematics categories.
Cross-over trials are an important class of design used in the pharmaceutical industry and medical research, and their use continues to grow. Cross-over Trials in Clinical Research, Second Edition has been fully updated to include the latest methodology used in the design and analysis of cross-over trials. It includes more background material, greater coverage of important statistical techniques, including Bayesian methods, and discussion of analysis using a number of statistical software packages. * Comprehensive coverage of the design and analysis of cross-over trials. * Each technique is carefully explained and the mathematics is kept to a minimum. * Features many real and original examples, taken from the author's vast experience. * Includes discussion of analysis using SAS, S-Plus and, GenStat, StatXact and Excel. * Written in a style suitable for statisticians and physicians alike. * Computer programs to accompany the examples in the book can be downloaded from the Web Primarily aimed at statisticians and researchers working in the pharmaceutical industry, the book will also appeal to physicians involved in clinical research and students of medical statistics.
Cross Over Trials In Clinical Research
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Author : Stephen S. Senn
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2002-08-30
Cross Over Trials In Clinical Research written by Stephen S. Senn and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-08-30 with Mathematics categories.
Cross-over trials are an important class of design used in the pharmaceutical industry and medical research, and their use continues to grow. Cross-over Trials in Clinical Research, Second Edition has been fully updated to include the latest methodology used in the design and analysis of cross-over trials. It includes more background material, greater coverage of important statistical techniques, including Bayesian methods, and discussion of analysis using a number of statistical software packages. * Comprehensive coverage of the design and analysis of cross-over trials. * Each technique is carefully explained and the mathematics is kept to a minimum. * Features many real and original examples, taken from the author's vast experience. * Includes discussion of analysis using SAS, S-Plus and, GenStat, StatXact and Excel. * Written in a style suitable for statisticians and physicians alike. Primarily aimed at statisticians and researchers working in the pharmaceutical industry, the book will also appeal to physicians involved in clinical research and students of medical statistics.
Design And Analysis Of Cross Over Trials Second Edition
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Author : Byron Jones
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2003-03-12
Design And Analysis Of Cross Over Trials Second Edition written by Byron Jones and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-03-12 with Mathematics categories.
The first edition of Design and Analysis of Cross-Over Trials quickly became the standard reference on the subject and has remained so for more than 12 years. In that time, however, the use of cross-over trials has grown rapidly, particularly in the pharmaceutical arena, and researchers have made a number of advances in both the theory and methods applicable to these trials. Completely revised and updated, the long-awaited second edition of this classic text retains its predecessor's careful balance of theory and practice while incorporating new approaches, more data sets, and a broader scope. Enhancements in the second edition include: A new chapter on bioequivalence Recently developed methods for analyzing longitudinal continuous and categorical data Real-world examples using the SAS system A comprehensive catalog of designs, datasets, and SAS programs available on a companion Web site at www.crcpress.com The authors' exposition gives a clear, unified account of the design and analysis of cross-over trials from a statistical perspective along with their methodological underpinnings. With SAS programs and a thorough treatment of design issues, Design and Analysis of Cross-Over Trials, Second Edition sets a new standard for texts in this area and undoubtedly will be of direct practical value for years to come.
Clinical Trials In Neurology
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Author : Bernard Ravina
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2012-04-12
Clinical Trials In Neurology written by Bernard Ravina and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-04-12 with Medical categories.
Comprehensive book that suggests ways to improve the efficiency of clinical trials and the development of interventions in the neurosciences.
Small Clinical Trials
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2001-01-01
Small Clinical Trials written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-01-01 with Medical categories.
Clinical trials are used to elucidate the most appropriate preventive, diagnostic, or treatment options for individuals with a given medical condition. Perhaps the most essential feature of a clinical trial is that it aims to use results based on a limited sample of research participants to see if the intervention is safe and effective or if it is comparable to a comparison treatment. Sample size is a crucial component of any clinical trial. A trial with a small number of research participants is more prone to variability and carries a considerable risk of failing to demonstrate the effectiveness of a given intervention when one really is present. This may occur in phase I (safety and pharmacologic profiles), II (pilot efficacy evaluation), and III (extensive assessment of safety and efficacy) trials. Although phase I and II studies may have smaller sample sizes, they usually have adequate statistical power, which is the committee's definition of a "large" trial. Sometimes a trial with eight participants may have adequate statistical power, statistical power being the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when the hypothesis is false. Small Clinical Trials assesses the current methodologies and the appropriate situations for the conduct of clinical trials with small sample sizes. This report assesses the published literature on various strategies such as (1) meta-analysis to combine disparate information from several studies including Bayesian techniques as in the confidence profile method and (2) other alternatives such as assessing therapeutic results in a single treated population (e.g., astronauts) by sequentially measuring whether the intervention is falling above or below a preestablished probability outcome range and meeting predesigned specifications as opposed to incremental improvement.
Design And Analysis Of Cross Over Trials Third Edition
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Author : Byron Jones
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2014-10-08
Design And Analysis Of Cross Over Trials Third Edition written by Byron Jones and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-08 with Mathematics categories.
Design and Analysis of Cross-Over Trials is concerned with a specific kind of comparative trial known as the cross-over trial, in which subjects receive different sequences of treatments. Such trials are widely used in clinical and medical research, and in other diverse areas such as veterinary science, psychology, sports science, and agriculture. The first edition of this book was the first to be wholly devoted to the subject. The second edition was revised to mirror growth and development in areas where the design remained in widespread use and new areas where it had grown in importance. This new Third Edition: Contains seven new chapters written in the form of short case studies that address re-estimating sample size when testing for average bioequivalence, fitting a nonlinear dose response function, estimating a dose to take forward from phase two to phase three, establishing proof of concept, and recalculating the sample size using conditional power Employs the R package Crossover, specially created to accompany the book and provide a graphical user interface for locating designs in a large catalog and for searching for new designs Includes updates regarding the use of period baselines and the analysis of data from very small trials Reflects the availability of new procedures in SAS, particularly proc glimmix Presents the SAS procedure proc mcmc as an alternative to WinBUGS for Bayesian analysis Complete with real data and downloadable SAS code, Design and Analysis of Cross-Over Trials, Third Edition provides a practical understanding of the latest methods along with the necessary tools for implementation.
Human Experimentation
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Author : Ton J. Cleophas
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Human Experimentation written by Ton J. Cleophas and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
Despite their effectiveness in the evaluation of new pharmacological compounds, controlled clinical trials are sometimes inadequate. Using data from the literature as well as from the author's own experience with clinical trials, Human Experimentation: Methodologic Issues Fundamental to Clinical Trials addresses such inadequacies and tries to provide solutions. This work is the first to thoroughly examine these unsolved inadequacies and problems with the design and the execution of clinical trials and, more importantly, to provide solutions for these problems. It is important for anyone who is involved in clinical research: clinicians, pharmacists, biochemists, statisticians, nurses, sponsors, etc., and anyone who is involved in applying results of research to patients, i.e. physicians.
Sharing Clinical Trial Data
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2015-04-20
Sharing Clinical Trial Data written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-04-20 with Medical categories.
Data sharing can accelerate new discoveries by avoiding duplicative trials, stimulating new ideas for research, and enabling the maximal scientific knowledge and benefits to be gained from the efforts of clinical trial participants and investigators. At the same time, sharing clinical trial data presents risks, burdens, and challenges. These include the need to protect the privacy and honor the consent of clinical trial participants; safeguard the legitimate economic interests of sponsors; and guard against invalid secondary analyses, which could undermine trust in clinical trials or otherwise harm public health. Sharing Clinical Trial Data presents activities and strategies for the responsible sharing of clinical trial data. With the goal of increasing scientific knowledge to lead to better therapies for patients, this book identifies guiding principles and makes recommendations to maximize the benefits and minimize risks. This report offers guidance on the types of clinical trial data available at different points in the process, the points in the process at which each type of data should be shared, methods for sharing data, what groups should have access to data, and future knowledge and infrastructure needs. Responsible sharing of clinical trial data will allow other investigators to replicate published findings and carry out additional analyses, strengthen the evidence base for regulatory and clinical decisions, and increase the scientific knowledge gained from investments by the funders of clinical trials. The recommendations of Sharing Clinical Trial Data will be useful both now and well into the future as improved sharing of data leads to a stronger evidence base for treatment. This book will be of interest to stakeholders across the spectrum of research--from funders, to researchers, to journals, to physicians, and ultimately, to patients.
Introduction To Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials
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Author : John N.S. Matthews
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2006-06-26
Introduction To Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials written by John N.S. Matthews and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-06-26 with Mathematics categories.
Evidence from randomized controlled clinical trials is widely accepted as the only sound basis for assessing the efficacy of new medical treatments. Statistical methods play a key role in all stages of these trials, including their justification, design, and analysis. This second edition of Introduction to Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials prov
The Prevention And Treatment Of Missing Data In Clinical Trials
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2010-12-21
The Prevention And Treatment Of Missing Data In Clinical Trials written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-12-21 with Medical categories.
Randomized clinical trials are the primary tool for evaluating new medical interventions. Randomization provides for a fair comparison between treatment and control groups, balancing out, on average, distributions of known and unknown factors among the participants. Unfortunately, these studies often lack a substantial percentage of data. This missing data reduces the benefit provided by the randomization and introduces potential biases in the comparison of the treatment groups. Missing data can arise for a variety of reasons, including the inability or unwillingness of participants to meet appointments for evaluation. And in some studies, some or all of data collection ceases when participants discontinue study treatment. Existing guidelines for the design and conduct of clinical trials, and the analysis of the resulting data, provide only limited advice on how to handle missing data. Thus, approaches to the analysis of data with an appreciable amount of missing values tend to be ad hoc and variable. The Prevention and Treatment of Missing Data in Clinical Trials concludes that a more principled approach to design and analysis in the presence of missing data is both needed and possible. Such an approach needs to focus on two critical elements: (1) careful design and conduct to limit the amount and impact of missing data and (2) analysis that makes full use of information on all randomized participants and is based on careful attention to the assumptions about the nature of the missing data underlying estimates of treatment effects. In addition to the highest priority recommendations, the book offers more detailed recommendations on the conduct of clinical trials and techniques for analysis of trial data.