Cross Talk Between Lymph Node Lymphatic Endothelial Cells And T Cells In Inflammation And Cancer
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Cross Talk Between Lymph Node Lymphatic Endothelial Cells And T Cells In Inflammation And Cancer
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Author : Sonia Elhadad
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2017-12-06
Cross Talk Between Lymph Node Lymphatic Endothelial Cells And T Cells In Inflammation And Cancer written by Sonia Elhadad and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-06 with categories.
Lymphocytes constantly survey the lymph nodes in search for potential infection by a pathogen. They enter the afferent lymphatic vessel that serves as a conduit to transport the motile lymphocytes to the draining lymph node. Lymphatic vessels (LVs) are present in most vascularized tissues. They are traditionally regarded as passive conduits for soluble antigens and leukocytes. Afferent LVs begin as blind ended capillaries, which give rise to collecting vessels that merge and connect with draining lymph nodes (dLNs). Initial lymphatic capillaries are composed of Lymphatic Endothelial Cells (LECs) connected by discontinuous cell junctions, which join to form larger collecting lymphatic vessels, and ultimately feed into the LN subcapsular sinus. Within the LN, LECs are localized to the subcapsular, cortical, and medullary sinuses, where they interact with incoming and exiting leukocytes. LECs, and in general LN stromal cells, have emerged in the recent years as active players in the immune response. In support to this,studies have shown that the immune response generated during inflammation and under pathologic conditions is accompanied by modeling of the LVs and generation of new lymphatics, a process known as lymphangiogenesis. These facts strongly suggest that LECs and stromal LN cells in general, are not inert players but rather are part of the immune response by organizing immune cells movement, exchanging information and supplying survival factors. The purpose of this research topic is to review the role of the LECs during immune homeostasis and cancer. Considering the critical role of lymphangiogenesis in many pathologies like chronic and acute inflammation, autoimmunity, wound healing, graft rejection, and tumor metastasis, it is important to understand the molecular mechanisms that govern the cross talks between the LECs and immune cells during homeostasis and inflammation.
Targeting Leukocyte Trafficking Insights And Future Directions
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Author : Helen Michelle McGettrick
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-02-04
Targeting Leukocyte Trafficking Insights And Future Directions written by Helen Michelle McGettrick and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-02-04 with Medical categories.
Tissue Resident Immune Cells In Tumor Immunity And Immunotherapy
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Author : Wu Qi
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-12-22
Tissue Resident Immune Cells In Tumor Immunity And Immunotherapy written by Wu Qi and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-12-22 with Science categories.
Rna Modification In Human Cancers Roles And Therapeutic Implications
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Author : You Zhou
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-04-26
Rna Modification In Human Cancers Roles And Therapeutic Implications written by You Zhou and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-04-26 with Science categories.
New Insights Into The Complexity Of Tumor Immunology In B Cell Malignancies Prognostic And Predictive Biomarkers And Therapy
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Author : Jérôme Paggetti
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-06-23
New Insights Into The Complexity Of Tumor Immunology In B Cell Malignancies Prognostic And Predictive Biomarkers And Therapy written by Jérôme Paggetti and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-23 with Medical categories.
Emerging Immune Functions Of Non Hematopoietic Stromal Cells
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Author : Burkhard Ludewig
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
Release Date : 2014-12-17
Emerging Immune Functions Of Non Hematopoietic Stromal Cells written by Burkhard Ludewig and has been published by Frontiers E-books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-17 with Allergy categories.
The development and function of the immune system is dependent on interactions between haematopoietic cells and non-hematopoietic stromal cells. The non-hematopoietic stromal cells create the microenvironment in which the immune system operates, providing an architectural landscape for hematopoietic cell-cell interactions and molecular cues governing haematopoietic cell positioning, growth and survival. Not surprisingly, therefore, aberrant stromal cell function has recently been shown to play a key role in the development of disease pathologies associated with immune dysfunction. For example, remodelling of lymphoid tissue stroma and the development of ectopic tertiary lymphoid tissues are characteristic of many infectious and inflammatory diseases and stromal cells have a recognised role in lymphoma and tumour development and resistance to therapy. An increased understanding of the molecular basis of stromal cell differentiation and function in these varied contexts will provide new tools to promote research on stromal cell biology and immune dysfunction, and potential new targets for therapeutic intervention in diseases with a major impact on public health. The importance of stromal cells and the molecular mechanisms of stromal cell function in the regulation of immune responses have only recently been appreciated and thus represent an exciting new area in immunology.
Regulation Of Immune Function By The Lymphatic Vasculature
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Author : Beth A. Jirón Tamburini
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2020-01-22
Regulation Of Immune Function By The Lymphatic Vasculature written by Beth A. Jirón Tamburini and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-22 with categories.
Microvascular Research Biology And Pathology Two Volume Set
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Author : David Shepro
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2005-11-03
Microvascular Research Biology And Pathology Two Volume Set written by David Shepro and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-11-03 with Medical categories.
The microvasculature refers to the smallest blood vessels, arterial and venous, that nurture the tissues of each organ. Apart from transport, they also contribute to the systematic regulation of the body. In everyday terminology, the microcirculation is "where the action is." Microcirculation is directly involved in such disease states as Alzheimers, inflammation, tumor growth, diabetic retinopathy, and wound healing- plus cardiovascular fitness is directly related to the formation of new capillaries in large muscles. Microvascular Research is the first book devoted exclusively to this vital systemic component of the cardiovascular system and provides up to date mini-reviews of normal functions and clinical states. The contributing authors are senior scientists with international reputation in their given disciplines. This two-volume set is a broad, interdisciplinary work that encompasses basic research and clinical applications equally. * Broad coverage of both basic and clinical aspects of microvasculature research * Contains 167 chapters from over 300 international authors * Each chapter includes key figures and annotated references
The Regulation Of Angiogenesis By Tissue Cell Macrophage Interactions
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Author : Michal Amit Rahat
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
Release Date : 2014-11-03
The Regulation Of Angiogenesis By Tissue Cell Macrophage Interactions written by Michal Amit Rahat and has been published by Frontiers E-books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-03 with Physiology categories.
Angiogenesis is the physiological process where new blood vessels grow from existing ones, in order to replenish tissues suffering from inadequate blood supply. Perhaps the most studied angiogenic process occurs in solid tumors whose growing mass and expanding cells create a constant demand for additional supply of oxygen and nutrients for survival. However, other physiological and clinical conditions, such as wound healing, ischemic events, autoimmune and age-related diseases also involve angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is a well-structured process that begins when oxygen and nutrients are depleted, leading to the release of chemokines and growth factors that attract immune cells, particularly macrophages and endothelial cells to the site. Macrophages that are recruited to the site, as well as tissue cells and endothelial cells, secrete pro-angiogenic mediators that affect endothelial cells and promote angiogenesis. These mediators include growth factors such as vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), as well as low levels of mediators that are usually seen as pro-inflammatory but are pro-angiogenic when secreted in low levels (e.g. nitric oxide (NO) and TNFa). Thus, macrophages play a major role in angiogenesis. Macrophages exhibit high plasticity and are capable of shifting between different activation modes and functions according to their changing microenvironment. Small differences in the composition of activating factors (e.g. TLR ligands such as LPS, anti-inflammatory cytokines, ECM molecules) in the microenvironment may differently activate macrophages to yield classically activated macrophages (or M1 macrophages) that can kill pathogen and tumor cells, alternatively activated macrophages (or M2 macrophages) that secrete antiinflammatory cytokines, resolution macrophages (rM?) that are involved in the resolution of inflammation, or regulatory macrophages (e.g. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells - MDSCs) that control the function of other immune cells. In fact, macrophages may be activated in a spectrum of subsets that may differently contribute to angiogenesis, and in particular non-classically activated macrophages such as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and Tie2-expressing monocytes (TEMs) can secrete high amounts of pro-angiogenic factors (e.g. VEGF, MMPs) or low levels of pro-inflammatory mediators (e.g. NO or TNFa) resulting in pro-angiogenic effects. Although the importance of macrophages as major contributors and regulators of the angiogenic process is well documented, less is known about the interactions between macrophages and other cell types (e.g. tumor cells, normal epithelial cells, endothelial cells) that regulate angiogenesis. We still have only limited understanding which proteins or complexes mediate these interactions and whether they require cell-cell contact (e.g. through integrins) or soluble factors (e.g. the EGF-CSF-1 loop), which signaling pathways are triggered in each of the two corresponding cell types, and how this leads to secretion of pro- or antiangiogenic factors in the microenvironment. The regulation of such interactions and through them of angiogenesis, whether through post-translational modifications of proteins or via the involvement of microRNA, is still unclear. The goal of this Research Topic is to highlight these interactions and their regulation in the context of both physiological and pathological conditions.
Inflammation And Metastasis
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Author : Yoshiro Maru
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-07-25
Inflammation And Metastasis written by Yoshiro Maru and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-25 with Medical categories.
This book provides the latest information on cancer metastasis from the standpoint of inflammation, especially innate immune reactions caused by endogenous mediators but not exogenous pathogens, with ideas on how to understand the complicated mechanisms of metastasis as well as to interpret therapeutic targets. The book includes the topic of the emerging roles of endogenous TLR4 ligands whose functions are shared intriguingly by metastasis and auto-inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. For example, most cancer therapies established so far are effective initially. However, they eventually face the great obstacles of drug resistance, immune evasion, and metastatic progression. One of the endogenous TLR4 ligands is thought to contribute to all three processes. The most important features of the book are to explain a concept of homeostatic inflammation, disturbance of which in the lungs gives rise to the establishment of a pre-metastatic pulmonary microenvironment based on primary tumor-mediated hijacking of the innate immune defense system against respiratory infection. In addition, structure-based thinking is another important feature of this book. It is proposed that inflammation forms a functional triangle with angiogenesis and coagulation, in the center of which cancer is located. Given the proposal of precision medicine by President Obama in the United States in 2015 and the recent success of immune-modulator-based therapy, this book will appeal to researchers in a variety of fields with the title of the book connecting the worst disease (metastasis) and the most fundamental event (inflammation) that is common to many diseases.